Drugs under experimental and clinical research最新文献_第5页

Effects of chronic administration of D-003, a mixture of sugar cane wax high molecular acids, in beagle dogs. 长期给药D-003对比格犬的影响，这是一种甘蔗蜡高分子酸的混合物。

Drugs under experimental and clinical research Pub Date : 2004-01-01

R Gámez, R Más, M Noa, R Menéndez, H García, J González, Y Perez, E Goicochea

{"title":"Effects of chronic administration of D-003, a mixture of sugar cane wax high molecular acids, in beagle dogs.","authors":"R Gámez, R Más, M Noa, R Menéndez, H García, J González, Y Perez, E Goicochea","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"D-003 is a mixture of high molecular weight aliphatic primary acids purified from sugar cane wax (Saccharum officinarum, L) with cholesterol-lowering and antiplatelet effects. Previous studies, including a 6-month study conducted in rats, have shown no D-003-related toxicity. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of D-003 orally administered for 9 months in beagle dogs. The animals were randomly distributed in three groups: a control group receiving the vehicle only and two groups orally administered D-003 (200 and 400 mg/kg). Body weight gain, food consumption and clinical signs were controlled throughout the study. The effects of D-003 on collagen-induced platelet aggregation, bleeding time (BT) and coagulation parameters (prothrombin time and kaolin-activated thromboplastin time) were also investigated. Most blood biochemistry and hematological parameters were assessed at baseline and after 6 and 9 months of treatment, while total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, platelet aggregation, BT and coagulation parameters were determined at baseline and after 9 months of treatment. At study completion, the animals were sacrificed. D-003 at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly reduced TC (p < 0.05), significantly inhibited platelet aggregation and increased BT compared with levels in controls. Data analyses of body weight gain, food consumption, clinical observations, the remaining blood biochemistry and hematology indicators (including coagulation parameters, organ weight ratios and histopathological findings) showed no trends with D-003 doses or significant differences between control animals and treated groups. In conclusion, D-003 administered for 9 months to beagle dogs induced the expected effects with no evidence of drug-related toxicity.","PeriodicalId":11336,"journal":{"name":"Drugs under experimental and clinical research","volume":"30 2","pages":"75-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40866916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Policosanol prevents bone loss in ovariectomized rats. 胆甾醇防止去卵巢大鼠骨质流失。

Drugs under experimental and clinical research Pub Date : 2004-01-01

M Noa, R Más, S Mendoza, R Gámez, N Mendoza, J González

{"title":"Policosanol prevents bone loss in ovariectomized rats.","authors":"M Noa, R Más, S Mendoza, R Gámez, N Mendoza, J González","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoporosis is characterized by reduced bone mass, abnormal bone architecture and increased fracture risk. Ovariectomy impairs bone mass and metabolism in rats and ovariectomized rats are considered as a suitable model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Mevalonate is required for producing lipoids that are important in osteoclast activity and thus drugs affecting mevalonate production can prevent bone loss in rodents. Policosanol is a cholesterol-lowering drug isolated from sugar cane wax that inhibits cholesterol biosynthesis through an indirect regulation of hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase activity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether policosanol could prevent bone loss in the bones of ovariectomized rats by comparing its effects with those induced by estradiol. Sprague Dawley female rats were randomly distributed in four groups: a sham-operated group treated with Tween/H2O vehicle and three groups of ovariectomized rats treated with 17beta-estradiol (30 microg/kg/day) or policosanol (50 and 200 mg/kg/day), respectively, for 3 months. At treatment completion the rats were sacrificed, their bones removed and variables of bone resorption and formation were investigated by histomorphometry. Ovariectomy increased trabecular separation but diminished the number and thickness of trabecules. Estradiol and policosanol prevented these effects compared with ovariectomized controls. Both treatments also prevented an increase in the number of osteoclasts and their surface area induced by ovariectomy. Estradiol, but not policosanol, significantly prevented an increase of osteoblast surface area compared with ovariectomized controls. In conclusion, policosanol prevented bone loss and decreased bone resorption in ovariectomized rats, suggesting that it should be potentially useful in preventing bone loss in postmenopausal women.","PeriodicalId":11336,"journal":{"name":"Drugs under experimental and clinical research","volume":"30 3","pages":"117-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24680872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of uvalino, a new autochthonous wine, on the inhibition of the production of hydroxyl radicals. 新型乡土酒乌瓦利诺对羟基自由基产生的抑制作用。

Drugs under experimental and clinical research Pub Date : 2004-01-01

A Bertelli, R Morelli, M Falchi

引用次数: 0

Eprosartan effect on fibrinolytic/hemostatic variables in arterial hypertension: a comparative study to losartan. 依泊沙坦对动脉高血压患者纤溶/止血变量的影响:与氯沙坦的比较研究。

Drugs under experimental and clinical research Pub Date : 2004-01-01

T K Makris, G Stavroulakis, D P Papadopoulos, P Krespi, A Hatzizacharias, A Zilidis, C Tsoukala, V E Votteas

{"title":"Eprosartan effect on fibrinolytic/hemostatic variables in arterial hypertension: a comparative study to losartan.","authors":"T K Makris, G Stavroulakis, D P Papadopoulos, P Krespi, A Hatzizacharias, A Zilidis, C Tsoukala, V E Votteas","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Essential hypertension is often accompanied by abnormalities of the coagulation/fibrinolytic system predisposing to a procoagulant state. The aim of the present study was to examine the comparative efficacy of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists eprosartan and losartan on plasma levels of hemostatic/fibrinolytic and endothelial function markers in a cohort of previously untreated hypertensive patients. A total of 86 patients whose hypertension was controlled by monotherapy with eprosartan 600 mg (45 patients) or losartan 100 mg (41 patients) were studied. The plasma levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) antigen, tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor (tPA) antigen, thrombomodulin (TM), tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) antigen, and fibrinogen were determined before and after 6 months of therapy. Age, sex distribution, body mass index, lipid profile, systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels, and baseline values of the measured markers were similar in both groups. After 6 months of therapy, systolic blood pressure was significantly lower in patients treated with eprosartan, while no differences were observed with respect to diastolic blood pressure. Treatment with both drugs was associated with a significant decrease in PAI-1 antigen, TM, fibrinogen plasma levels and an increase in tPA antigen. The favorable modification of all the above parameters was significantly greater in the eprosartan than in the losartan group, while TFPI plasma levels were decreased to a similar extent with both drugs. In conclusion, the results of our study indicate that 6-month monotherapy with a new angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker, eprosartan, is associated with a more favorable modification of hemostatic/fibrinolytic status than with losartan.","PeriodicalId":11336,"journal":{"name":"Drugs under experimental and clinical research","volume":"30 3","pages":"125-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24680873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bioavailability of phenolic compounds from olive oil and oxidative/antioxidant status at postprandial state in healthy humans. 橄榄油中酚类化合物的生物利用度和健康人餐后氧化/抗氧化状态

Drugs under experimental and clinical research Pub Date : 2004-01-01

T Weinbrenner, M Fitó, M Farré Albaladejo, G T Saez, P Rijken, C Tormos, S Coolen, R De La Torre, M I Covas

{"title":"Bioavailability of phenolic compounds from olive oil and oxidative/antioxidant status at postprandial state in healthy humans.","authors":"T Weinbrenner, M Fitó, M Farré Albaladejo, G T Saez, P Rijken, C Tormos, S Coolen, R De La Torre, M I Covas","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Olive oil phenolic compounds are generally believed to have beneficial antioxidant effects, but little is known about characteristics of their postprandial bioavailability in natural olive oil at real-life doses. The aim of the present study was to determine the concentrations of olive oil phenolic compounds in urine collected over 24 h (24-h urine) after a bolus ingestion of 25 ml of olive oil with different phenolic content, and to demonstrate the effect of this real-life olive oil dose on postprandial levels of blood lipids and oxidative stress biomarkers, as well as to examine the beneficial effects of olive oil phenols. Oral fat loads of 25 ml olive oil with high, moderate, and low phenolic content were administered to 12 healthy male volunteers in a randomized, controlled, crossover trial. Tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol were absorbed in a dose-dependent manner according to the phenolic content of the olive oil administered. The administered dose of 25 ml, which is close to that used daily in Mediterranean countries, did not induce significant postprandial lipemia nor did it promote an increase of in vivo oxidation markers. With regard to plasma antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase activity decreased postprandially after low phenolic content olive oil ingestion; however this was not observed after intake of moderate and high phenolic content olive oils. The phenolic content of the olive oils administered may account for the protection of the endogenous antioxidant defenses at postprandial state after ingestion of moderate and high phenolic content olive oils.","PeriodicalId":11336,"journal":{"name":"Drugs under experimental and clinical research","volume":"30 5-6","pages":"207-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24948160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Levocloperastine in the treatment of chronic nonproductive cough: comparative efficacy versus standard antitussive agents. 左旋培司汀治疗慢性非生产性咳嗽:与标准止咳药的比较疗效。

Drugs under experimental and clinical research Pub Date : 2004-01-01

P Aliprandi, C Castelli, S Bernorio, E Dell'Abate, M Carrara

{"title":"Levocloperastine in the treatment of chronic nonproductive cough: comparative efficacy versus standard antitussive agents.","authors":"P Aliprandi, C Castelli, S Bernorio, E Dell'Abate, M Carrara","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The medical and social impact of cough is substantial. Current antitussive agents at effective doses have adverse events such as drowsiness, nausea and constipation that limit their use. There is also recent evidence that standard antitussive agents, such as codeine, may not reduce cough during upper respiratory infections. Therefore, there is a need for more effective and better-tolerated agents. The efficacy of levocloperastine, a novel antitussive, which acts both centrally on the cough center and on peripheral receptors in the tracheobronchial tree in treating chronic cough, was compared with that of other standard antitussive agents (codeine, levodropropizine and DL-cloperastine) in six open clinical trials. The studies enrolled patients of all ages with cough associated with various respiratory disorders including bronchitis, asthma, pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Levocloperastine significantly improved cough symptoms (intensity and frequency of cough) in all trials, and improvements were observed after the first day of treatment. In children, levocloperastine reduced nighttime awakenings and irritability, and in adults it was effective in treating cough induced by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. When compared with other antitussive agents, levocloperastine had improved or comparable efficacy, with a more rapid onset of action. Importantly, no evidence of central adverse events was recorded with levocloperastine, whereas drowsiness was reported by a significant number of patients receiving codeine. Levocloperastine is an effective antitussive agent for the treatment of cough in patients of all ages. It has a more rapid onset of action than standard agents with an improved tolerability profile.","PeriodicalId":11336,"journal":{"name":"Drugs under experimental and clinical research","volume":"30 4","pages":"133-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24822357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of long-term treatment with erdosteine on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the EQUALIFE Study. 长期服用多巴胺对慢性阻塞性肺疾病的影响:EQUALIFE研究

Drugs under experimental and clinical research Pub Date : 2004-01-01

M Moretti, P Bottrighi, R Dallari, R Da Porto, A Dolcetti, P Grandi, G Garuti, E Guffanti, P Roversi, M De Gugliemo, A Potena

{"title":"The effect of long-term treatment with erdosteine on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the EQUALIFE Study.","authors":"M Moretti, P Bottrighi, R Dallari, R Da Porto, A Dolcetti, P Grandi, G Garuti, E Guffanti, P Roversi, M De Gugliemo, A Potena","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Erdosteine is a new thiol compound with effects on bacterial adhesiveness as well as antioxidant and mucoactive properties. The EQUALIFE study, a fully randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter study, was designed to assets the effectiveness of long-term treatment with erdosteine in patients with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). One hundred and fifty-five patients received oral erdosteine, 300 mg b.i.d., or placebo for 8 months during the winter season to assess the effect of treatments on exacerbation rate, hospitalization, lung function and quality of life, assessed using the Short Form 36 and the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire. A pharmacoeconomic analysis was also conducted to compare the two treatments. One hundred and twenty-four patients completed the study with erdosteine (n = 63) or placebo (n = 61). The group of COPD patients who received 8 months of continuous treatment with erdosteine had significantly fewer exacerbations and spent fewer days in the hospital than did the placebo group; furthermore, they had no loss of lung function. Patients in the erdosteine group also showed a significant improvement in health-related quality of life. The mean total COPD-related disease costs per patient were lower in the erdosteine group than in the placebo group over the study period. The results indicate that 8 months of treatment with erdosteine is effective in reducing exacerbation and hospitalization rates and in improving health status. The study suggests that erdosteine is likely to provide an important contribution to the therapy of patients with symptomatic COPD.","PeriodicalId":11336,"journal":{"name":"Drugs under experimental and clinical research","volume":"30 4","pages":"143-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24822358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Topical treatment of partial thickness burns by silver sulfadiazine plus hyaluronic acid compared to silver sulfadiazine alone: a double-blind, clinical study. 磺胺嘧啶银加透明质酸局部治疗局部烧伤与单独磺胺嘧啶银比较:一项双盲临床研究。

Drugs under experimental and clinical research Pub Date : 2004-01-01

J Koller

{"title":"Topical treatment of partial thickness burns by silver sulfadiazine plus hyaluronic acid compared to silver sulfadiazine alone: a double-blind, clinical study.","authors":"J Koller","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Since its introduction into clinical practice in 1967 by Charles Fox Jr., silver sulfadiazine has been the gold standard for topical burn therapy. The addition to it of hyaluronic acid, which forms a substantial part of the human tissue intercellular matrix, is aimed at overcoming one of its very few disadvantages, i.e. prolongation of the wound re-epithelialization process. Since both hyaluronic acid and silver sulfadiazine have been used in therapy for decades and their efficacy is well documented, a topical treatment combining these two agents was formulated. The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of a cream containing a hyaluronic acid/silver sulfadiazine fixed combination, compared with silver sulfadiazine cream alone, for the treatment of superficial and deep second-degree burns in a prospective, double-blind, controlled clinical study. The findings of the study confirmed that the association of the two compounds in a new topical treatment significantly reduced the healing time and significantly accelerated the reduction of local edema occurring shortly after injury. Furthermore, this new hyaluronic acid and silver sulfadiazine formulation has proven to have favorable antibacterial, anti-edematous and local analgesic effects, together with a clear stimulatory activity on the re-epithelialization process. This product may, therefore, significantly enrich the assortment of topical medications available for the treatment of burns and skin defects of other origin.","PeriodicalId":11336,"journal":{"name":"Drugs under experimental and clinical research","volume":"30 5-6","pages":"183-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24949454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of D-003, a mixture of high molecular weight aliphatic acids from sugar cane wax, on bones from ovariectomized rats. D-003是一种从甘蔗蜡中提取的高分子量脂肪酸混合物，对去卵巢大鼠骨骼的影响。

Drugs under experimental and clinical research Pub Date : 2004-01-01

M Noa, R Más, S Mendoza, R Gámez, N Mendoza

{"title":"Effects of D-003, a mixture of high molecular weight aliphatic acids from sugar cane wax, on bones from ovariectomized rats.","authors":"M Noa, R Más, S Mendoza, R Gámez, N Mendoza","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Bisphosphonates inhibit bone resorption through mechanisms involving the metabolic pathway from mevalonate to cholesterol. Mevalonate is a precursor of the lipoids required for osteoclast activity and thus inhibition of its synthesis affects bone metabolism. Inhibitors of hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA (HMGCoA) reductase might increase experimentally new bone formation through a mevalonate-dependent effect. D-003 is a mixture of high molecular weight fatty acids isolated from sugar cane wax, which inhibits cholesterol biosynthesis through indirect regulation of HMGCoA reductase activity. This study was undertaken to determine whether D-003 could prevent bone loss in ovariectomized rats. Sprague Dawley female rats were ovariectomized or sham operated and were randomly distributed into five groups: a control ovariectomized and a sham (false-operated) group receiving Tween/H2O vehicle, a group treated with alendronate (3 mg/kg/day) and two groups treated with D-003 (50 and 200 mg/kg/day). Treatments were administered for 3 months. At sacrifice, bones were removed and histological variables of bone resorption and formation were studied by histomorphometry. Ovariectomy diminished trabecular number and thickness and increased trabecular gap, osteoclast number and surface. Alendronate and D-003 prevented a decrease in trabecular number and thickness as well as increases in trabecular separation, osteoclast number and surface compared with ovariectomized controls, thus preventing the bone loss and decreased bone resorption induced by ovariectomy, but failed to increase osteoblast surface compared with control ovariectomized rats. In conclusion, D-003 (50 and 200 mg/kg/day) prevented bone loss and decreased bone resorption in ovariectomized rats, which suggests that this substance could be promising in preventing or treating osteoporosis.","PeriodicalId":11336,"journal":{"name":"Drugs under experimental and clinical research","volume":"30 1","pages":"35-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24510233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Percutaneous absorption of flavan-3-ol conjugates from plant procyanidins. 植物原花青素黄烷-3-醇缀合物的经皮吸收。

Drugs under experimental and clinical research Pub Date : 2004-01-01

C Alonso, E Ramón, C Lozano, J L Parra, J L Torres, L Coderch

引用次数: 0