Augusto G. F. Costa, C. Maciel, Thiesli Rogoski, A. J. S. Lira, E. O. Helvig
{"title":"Spraying deposits using different nozzles and application volumes for pest management of cotton at reproductive stage","authors":"Augusto G. F. Costa, C. Maciel, Thiesli Rogoski, A. J. S. Lira, E. O. Helvig","doi":"10.21475/ajcs.19.13.11.p1549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.19.13.11.p1549","url":null,"abstract":"With the growing need for greater operational capacity, information about the effect of application volume and spray nozzles on the quality of pesticide application are essential to obtain greater efficiency in pest management in cotton crops. This study aimed to assess the effect of the spraying volume and nozzles on the deposition of spray solution on cotton crops at the reproductive stage. The treatments of the first experiment correspond to the 55, 67, 140 and 194 L ha-1 volumes obtained by variation of the displacement speed using the XR11004 flat fan nozzle. In the second assay the treatments corresponded to the applications of MGA9004 (hollow cone), XR11004 (flat fan), AIXR11004 (air induction flat fan) and CVIA04 (air induction hollow cone) nozzles with 120 L ha-1. An artificial brilliant blue food dye (FD&C 1) was used as a tracer (2.5 g L-1) to determine the deposited volumes on the leaves of the upper, middle and lower third of cotton plants. The results showed that increase in the application volume contributed to obtain the larger deposits in the upper third of the cotton crop during its reproductive phase, especially up to 140 L ha-1, but did not exhibit a significant increase of the deposition in the middle and lower thirds of the plants. The MGA9004, XR11004 and AIXR11004 nozzles provided the largest deposits in the three plant sectors. The flat fan nozzles resulted in greater uniformity of deposits in the upper and middle thirds of the plants.","PeriodicalId":11328,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Thu, November 14, 2019","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86485889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. E. Santiago, N. J. Leite, B. Teruel, M. Karkee, C. A. Azania
{"title":"Evaluation of bag-of-features (BoF) technique for weed management in sugarcane production","authors":"W. E. Santiago, N. J. Leite, B. Teruel, M. Karkee, C. A. Azania","doi":"10.21475/ajcs.19.13.11.p1838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.19.13.11.p1838","url":null,"abstract":"Weeds interfere in agricultural production, causing a reduction in crop yields and quality. The identification of weed species and the level of infestation is very important for the definition of appropriate management strategies. This is especially true for sugarcane, which is widely produced around the world. The present study has sought to develop and evaluate the performance of the Bag-of-Features (BoF) approach for use as a tool to aid decision-making in weed management in sugarcane production. The support vector machine to build a mathematical model of rank consisted of 30553 25x25-pixel images. Statistical analysis demonstrated the efficacy of the proposed method in the identification and classification of crops and weeds, with an accuracy of 71.6% and a Kappa index of 0.43. Moreover, even under conditions of high weed density and large numbers of overlapping and/or occluded leaves, weeds could be distinguished from crops This study clearly shows that the system can provide important subsidies for the formulation of strategies for weed management, especially in sugarcane, for which the timing of weed control is crucial.","PeriodicalId":11328,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Thu, November 14, 2019","volume":"1995 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82440752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Opioid Prescription in Switzerland: Appropriate\u0000Comedication use in Cancer and Noncancer\u0000Pain","authors":"M. Wertli","doi":"10.36076/ppj/2019.22.537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36076/ppj/2019.22.537","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In Europe, limited information on the use of opioids is available.\u0000Objectives: To assess how guideline recommendations to manage opioid-related adverse\u0000events were followed in cancer- and noncancer-related opioid use.\u0000Study Design: Analysis of health insurance data of one of the major health insurers in\u0000Switzerland.\u0000Setting: All opioid claims between 2006 and 2014.\u0000Methods: Opioid episodes were cancer-related when cancer treatments were used within ±\u00003 months of the first opioid claim. Recurrent strong episodes were defined as ≥ 2 opioid claims\u0000with at least one strong opioid claim. Episode duration were acute (< 90 days), subacute, or\u0000chronic (≥ 120 days/≥ 90 days + ≥ 10 claims).\u0000Results: Out of 591,633 opioid episodes 76,968 (13%) were recurrent episodes: 94%\u0000were noncancer related (83% in recurrent episodes) and 6% cancer related (17% recurrent).\u0000Chronic opioid use was observed in 55% (noncancer) and 58% (cancer) recurrent episodes.\u0000Recommended laxatives were used in 50% noncancer and in 67% cancer episodes. Antiemetic\u0000drugs were used in 54% noncancer and in 83% cancer episodes. Not recommended\u0000coprescription of benzodiazepines was observed in 34% recurrent noncancer and 46% cancer\u0000episodes.\u0000Limitations: No clinical information was available to assess the indication for opioid use.\u0000Conclusions: In this study, opioids were primarily used outside the context of cancer-related\u0000treatment. In noncancer-related opioid use, we found a substantial higher proportion without\u0000recommended laxative and antiemetic medications. Coprescription of benzodiazepines may\u0000increase the risk for opioid overdose and was present in one-third of the noncancer episodes\u0000and in almost every second cancer episode.\u0000Key words: Pain medications, opioids, nonopioids, benzodiazepines, health insurance claims\u0000data, cancer pain, noncancer pain, chronic opioid use, adverse events prevention, guideline\u0000recommendations","PeriodicalId":11328,"journal":{"name":"Day 4 Thu, November 14, 2019","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79873490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}