Digestion最新文献

{"title":"Subject Index Vol. 105, No. 1, 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000535125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000535125","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11315,"journal":{"name":"Digestion","volume":"15 8","pages":"70 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139456930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Donor-Recipient-Matched Faecal Microbiota Transplantation in Patients with IBS-D: A Single-Centre, Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study.","authors":"Yanli Zhang, Shuai Wang, Huifen Wang, Man Cao, Miao Wang, Bangzhou Zhang, Chuanxing Xiao, Huiting Zhu, Shiyu Du","doi":"10.1159/000540420","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The imbalance in gut microbiota is contributing to the development and progression of IBS. FMT can improve the gut microbiota, and donor-recipient-matched FMT can help develop individualized treatment plans according to different enterotypes. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of donor-recipient-matched FMT in IBS with predominant diarrhoea (IBS-D) and evaluate its effects on gut microbiota.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-seven patients with IBS-D were randomly divided into donor-recipient-matched FMT group (group P), random-donor FMT group (group R), and placebo group (group B). All participants received corresponding FMT treatment after filling in IBS-S, IBS-QoL, GSRS, and HADS questionnaires and having their stool samples collected at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after treatment. The improvement in the symptoms and the changes in the bacterial flora were analysed for three groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IBS-SSS, IBS-QoL, GSRS, and anxiety scores of group P were significantly lower after treatment (p < 0.05). The IBS-QoL scores of group R were significantly lower after treatment (p < 0.05). Beta diversity analysis showed that the gut microbiota of group P had an obvious trend of classification after treatment. Seven bacterial genera were related to the differences in the IBS-SSS scores before and after treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Donor-recipient-matched FMT significantly improved the clinical symptoms, quality of life, and anxiety scores of the patients with IBS-D than random-donor FMT.</p>","PeriodicalId":11315,"journal":{"name":"Digestion","volume":" ","pages":"457-467"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Antibiotics for Uncomplicated Diverticulitis: A Retrospective Investigation Using a Nationwide Database in Japan.","authors":"Rintaro Moroi, Kunio Tarasawa, Hiroshi Nagai, Yusukue Shimoyama, Takeo Naito, Hisashi Shiga, Shin Hamada, Yoichi Kakuta, Kiyohide Fushimi, Kenji Fujimori, Yoshitaka Kinouchi, Atsushi Masamune","doi":"10.1159/000534167","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000534167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The efficacy of antibiotics for diverticulitis without abscess or peritonitis (uncomplicated diverticulitis) is controversial. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of antibiotics for uncomplicated diverticulitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected admission data for patients with acute uncomplicated diverticulitis using a nationwide database. We divided eligible admissions into two groups according to antibiotic initiation within 2 days after admission (antibiotic group vs. nonantibiotic group). We conducted propensity score matching and compared the rates of surgery (intestinal resection and stoma creation), in-hospital death, and medical costs between the groups. We also performed multivariate analysis to identify the clinical factors that affect surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We enrolled 131,936 admissions; among these, we obtained 6,061 pairs after propensity score matching. Rates of both intestinal resection and stoma creation in the antibiotic group were lower than those in the nonantibiotic group (0.61 vs. 3.09%, p &lt; 0.0001, and 0.08 vs. 0.26%, p = 0.027, respectively). Median costs in the antibiotic group were higher than those in the nonantibiotic group (315,820 JPY vs. 300,175 JPY, p &lt; 0.0001, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that non-initiation of antibiotics within 2 days after admission was a clinical factor that increased the risk of intestinal resection (odds ratio [OR] = 5.19, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.38-6.16, p &lt; 0.0001) and stoma creation (OR = 2.68, 95% CI: 1.53-4.70, p = 0.0006).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results indicated that antibiotics for uncomplicated diverticulitis expected to have moderate to severe disease activity may reduce the risk of intestinal resection and stoma creation. Further investigations are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":11315,"journal":{"name":"Digestion","volume":" ","pages":"81-89"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10994568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49675530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frontiers in Endoscopic Treatment for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.","authors":"Kazuhiro Ota, Toshihisa Takeuchi, Kazuhide Higuchi, Shun Sasaki, Yosuke Mori, Hironori Tanaka, Akitoshi Hakoda, Noriaki Sugawara, Taro Iwatsubo, Hiroki Nishikawa","doi":"10.1159/000533200","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000533200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The 3rd edition of the evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) 2021 from the Japanese Society of Gastroenterology states that the treatment strategy for potassium-competitive acid blocker (PCAB)-refractory GERD remains unclear. Furthermore, even if GERD improves with the administration of an acid secretion inhibitor, it is feared that GERD may flare up after discontinuation of the drug, resulting in some cases in which patients are forced to take vonoprazan semipermanently (the so-called PCAB-dependent cases). From a global perspective, PCAB is not yet used in all countries and regions, and measures that can be taken now for cases in which a conventional proton pump inhibitor (PPI) is inadequately effective need to be devised.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Endoscopic treatment for GERD may be effective in cases where conventional proton pump inhibitors are ineffective; however, there are insufficient long-term studies to corroborate this, and its cost effectiveness is unknown. Other treatment options for PCAB or PPI-refractory GERD include surgical procedures (Nissen and Toupet operations), which have a longer history than endoscopic treatment for GERD. However, their long-term results are not as good as those of acid secretion inhibitors, and they are not cost effective. Endoscopic treatment for GERD may fill gaps in inadequate surgical treatment. In April 2022, endoscopic anti-reflux mucosal resections (ARMS [anti-reflux mucosectomy] and ESD-G [endoscopic submucosal dissection for GERD]) were approved for reimbursement, making endoscopic treatment of GERD possible throughout Japan.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>It is important to identify the background factors in cases in which endoscopic treatments are effective.</p>","PeriodicalId":11315,"journal":{"name":"Digestion","volume":" ","pages":"5-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10020751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Esophageal Dilation in Patients with Achalasia Is a Predictive Factor for the Inability to Traverse the Esophagogastric Junction with a Manometric Catheter.","authors":"Yoshimasa Hoshikawa, Eri Momma, Noriyuki Kawami, Katsuhiko Iwakiri","doi":"10.1159/000534448","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000534448","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The insertion of a high-resolution manometry (HRM) catheter into the stomach is essential for accurate manometric diagnoses; however, it is impossible in some cases due to the inability to traverse the esophagogastric junction (EGJ). Predictive factors for these patients have not been investigated in detail, necessitating time-consuming and burdensome procedures for investigators and patients. Therefore, the present study investigated the percentage of and risk factors for failed intubation at the EGJ.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We initially reviewed the medical charts of consecutive HRM procedures performed at our hospital between September 2018 and January 2023. Patient characteristics and the findings of endoscopy and esophagography (where available) were compared between successful and failed procedures. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify predictive factors for the inability to traverse the EGJ. We then validated the predictive factors identified by reviewing consecutive procedures performed between February 2023 and August 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 781 procedures performed, 55 (7.0%) failed due to the inability to traverse the EGJ. Achalasia was the most common disorder in these procedures. An older age and dilated esophagus of &gt;34 mm were independent predictive factors for the inability to traverse the EGJ in patients with treatment-naïve achalasia. In the validation study, 7 out of 68 procedures (10.3%) failed due to the inability to traverse the EGJ. A flowchart using the findings of endoscopy and an esophageal diameter of &gt;34 mm predicted the inability to traverse the EGJ with a sensitivity of 71.4% and specificity of 86.9%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on an esophageal diameter &gt;34 mm and endoscopic findings, we predicted the inability to traverse the EGJ in more than 70% of patients. A multi-center prospective study is warranted in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":11315,"journal":{"name":"Digestion","volume":" ","pages":"90-98"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71411136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoscopic Kyoto and Kimura-Takemoto Classifications Are Comparable in Predicting High-Risk Gastric Precancerous Lesions.","authors":"Doan Thi Nha Nguyen, Duc Trong Quach, Quang Dinh Le, Nhu Thi Hanh Vu, Ngoc Le Bich Dang, Huy Minh Le, Nhan Quang Le, Shiro Oka, Shinji Tanaka, Toru Hiyama","doi":"10.1159/000536048","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000536048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Severe and extensive gastric atrophy, extensive or incomplete gastric intestinal metaplasia, and gastric dysplasia are considered high-risk gastric precancerous lesions (HGPLs). Endoscopic findings based on the endoscopic Kyoto classification (EKC) and the Kimura-Takemoto classification (KTC) have been reported to be significantly associated with HGPLs. This study aimed to compare these two classifications in predicting active Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and HGPLs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study conducted on naïve dyspeptic patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at a tertiary hospital. Endoscopic findings were scored according to the EKC and KTC. Mapping biopsies were taken, and H. pylori infection was determined using a locally validated rapid urease test and histology. The performance of EKC was compared with that of KTC using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) in predicting active H. pylori infection and HGPLs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 292 patients with a median age of 46 and a male-to-female ratio of 1:1. The rates of active H. pylori infection and HGPLs were 61.3% and 14.0%, respectively. The EKC was better than the KTC in predicting active H. pylori infection (AUC: 0.771 vs. 0.658, respectively; p &lt; 0.001). However, these two classifications had comparable performance in predicting HGPLs (AUC: 0.792 vs. 0.791, respectively; p = 0.956).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared to EKC, KTC is inferior in predicting active H. pylori infection but has comparable performance in predicting HGPLs.</p>","PeriodicalId":11315,"journal":{"name":"Digestion","volume":" ","pages":"140-148"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139402299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Functional Status on Development of Clostridioides difficile Infection and Increase in Inhospital Mortality among Antibiotic Users.","authors":"Kenta Watanabe, Tsuyotoshi Tsuji, Yohei Saruta, Hisanori Matsuzawa, Yosuke Shimodaira, Katsunori Iijima","doi":"10.1159/000535306","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Functional status is one of the surrogates of advanced age, an established risk factor for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). We aimed to investigate the usefulness of functional status in the clinical management of CDI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled all hospitalized adult patients receiving antibiotics from a retrospective hospital-based cohort in Japan between 2016 and 2020. Using the Barthel index (BI), which is an objective scale of functional status, we investigated the association of BI with developing CDI and its impact on inhospital mortality in patients with CDI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We enrolled 17,131 patients with 100 cases of CDI. Multivariable analysis revealed that lower BI (≤25) was an independent risk factor for developing CDI (adjusted odds ratio, 4.11; 95% confidence interval, 2.62-6.46). Furthermore, a combination of BI and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) showed an adjusted odds ratio of 36.40 (95% confidence interval, 17.30-76.60) in the highest risk group. A high-risk group according to the combination of BI and CCI was estimated to have significantly higher inhospital mortality in patients with CDI using the Kaplan-Meier method (p = 0.017). A combination of lower BI and higher CCI was an independent predictor of inhospital mortality even in the multivariable Cox regression model (adjusted hazard ratio, 3.00; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-8.88).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Assessment of functional status, especially combined with comorbidities, was significantly associated with developing CDI and may also be useful in predicting inhospital mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":11315,"journal":{"name":"Digestion","volume":" ","pages":"131-139"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138298687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Constipation Symptoms among Patients Undergoing Colonoscopy: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Shiori Komori, Junichi Akiyama, Naoko Tatsuno, Erika Yamada, Atsuko Izumi, Mariko Hamada, Kana Seto, Yuriko Nishiie, Keigo Suzuki, Yuya Hisada, Yuki Otake, Yuka Yanai, Hidetaka Okubo, Kazuhiro Watanabe, Naoki Akazawa, Natsuyo Yamamoto, Yasuo Tanaka, Mikio Yanase, Akiko Saito, Kazuhiko Yamada, Chizu Yokoi, Akihito Nagahara","doi":"10.1159/000539366","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Constipation is one of the most common gastrointestinal symptoms. It may compromise quality of life and social functioning and result in increased healthcare use and costs. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of constipation symptoms, as well as those of refractory constipation symptoms among patients who underwent colonoscopy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Over 4.5 years, patients who underwent colonoscopy and completed questionnaires were analyzed. Patients' symptoms were evaluated using the Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 8,621 eligible patients, the prevalence of constipation symptoms was 33.3%. Multivariate analysis revealed female sex (odds ratio [OR] 1.7, p &lt; 0.001), older age (OR 1.3, p &lt; 0.001), cerebral stroke with paralysis (OR 1.7, p = 0.009), chronic renal failure (OR 2.6, p &lt; 0.001), ischemic heart disease (OR 1.3, p = 0.008), diabetes (OR 1.4, p &lt; 0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR 1.5, p = 0.002), benzodiazepine use (OR 1.7, p &lt; 0.001), antiparkinsonian medications use (OR 1.9, p = 0.030), and opioid use (OR 2.1, p = 0.002) as independent risk factors for constipation symptoms. The number of patients taking any medication for constipation was 1,134 (13.2%); however, refractory symptoms of constipation were still present in 61.4% of these patients. Diabetes (OR 1.5, p = 0.028) and irritable bowel syndrome (OR 3.1, p &lt; 0.001) were identified as predictors for refractory constipation symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Constipation occurred in one-third of patients, and more than half of patients still exhibited refractory symptoms of constipation despite taking laxatives. Multiple medications and concurrent diseases seem to be associated with constipation symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":11315,"journal":{"name":"Digestion","volume":" ","pages":"299-309"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11318495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140956259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors for Post-Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Bleeding and Efficacy of Carbazochrome Sodium Sulfonate: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Keitaro Takahashi, Takuya Iwama, Kazuyuki Tanaka, Yuki Miyazawa, Shohei Kuroda, Masashi Horiuchi, Seisuke Saito, Momotaro Muto, Aki Sakatani, Katsuyoshi Ando, Nobuhiro Ueno, Shin Kashima, Kentaro Moriichi, Hiroki Tanabe, Toshikatsu Okumura, Mikihiro Fujiya","doi":"10.1159/000539367","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Carbazochrome sodium sulfonate (CSS) is a hemostatic agent that reduces capillary permeability and enhances capillary resistance. However, its specific effects on colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) outcomes remain uncertain. This study aimed to assess the risk factors for post-ESD bleeding and the effect of CSS on colorectal ESD outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>First, we retrospectively analyzed the risk factors for post-ESD bleeding using data from 1,315 lesions in 1,223 patients who underwent ESD for superficial colorectal neoplasms at eight institutions. Second, patients were divided into CSS and non-CSS groups using propensity score matching, and their outcomes from colorectal ESD were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The risk factors for post-colorectal ESD bleeding were identified as age of ≥70 years, tumor located in the rectum, tumor size of ≥40 mm, and post-ESD defect unclosure in both univariate and multivariate analyses. The CSS and non-CSS groups each consisted of 423 lesions after propensity score matching. The post-colorectal ESD bleeding rate was 3.5% (15/423) and 3.3% (14/423) in the CSS and non-CSS groups, respectively, indicating no significant differences. Among patients with the high-risk factors for post-ESD bleeding, the administration of CSS also did not demonstrate a significant reduction in the post-ESD bleeding rate compared to the non-CSS group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CSS administration is ineffective in preventing post-colorectal ESD bleeding in both the general population and individuals at a high risk for such bleeding. Our results indicate the necessity to reconsider the application of CSS for preventing post-colorectal ESD bleeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":11315,"journal":{"name":"Digestion","volume":" ","pages":"310-319"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11318496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141064933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of STW 5-II for Functional Dyspepsia Treatment: A Patient Data-Based Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Viola Andresen, Ayesha Shah, Careen Fink, Sabine Rabini, Manfred Wargenau, Gerald Holtmann","doi":"10.1159/000535672","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535672","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a chronic relapsing gastroduodenal disorder with limited treatment options. Herbal products, like the six-herb combination STW 5-II, can target multiple FD gastrointestinal symptoms. In this meta-analysis, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of STW 5-II for overall FD, and key symptoms, based on Rome IV criteria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically screened the literature for randomized controlled clinical studies testing STW 5-II in FD. Meta-analysis was performed using data from individual patients with at least one key FD symptom (fullness, early satiety, or epigastric pain) of at least moderate severity at baseline. ANCOVA-based meta-analyses were performed on improvements in the total symptom sum score, and single symptoms, after 4 and 8 weeks. Safety data were analyzed by calculating odds ratios for all adverse events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four randomized controlled trials, including 613 patients, were identified, and two were eligible for efficacy analysis. STW 5-II significantly improved the FD symptom sum score (mean difference of 1.74 after 4 weeks and 2.07 after 8 weeks) and key FD symptoms of fullness (0.28 and 0.29), early satiety (0.25 and 0.26), and epigastric/upper abdominal pain (0.26 and 0.3). Treatment-related or severe adverse events did not differ between STW 5-II and placebo.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results support that STW 5-II significantly improves FD symptoms after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment with no difference in relation to safety signals compared to placebo. Thus, STW 5-II can be considered an effective and safe treatment option for FD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11315,"journal":{"name":"Digestion","volume":" ","pages":"166-174"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11152030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139512198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}