Diseases of aquatic organisms最新文献

Simultaneous urogenital infection with novel upsilonpapillomaviruses and varicellovirus monodontidalpha1 in beluga whales Delphinapterus leucas from Bristol Bay, Alaska, USA. 美国阿拉斯加州布里斯托尔湾白鲸同时感染新型上乳头状瘤病毒和单齿海豚型水痘病毒。

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Diseases of aquatic organisms Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.3354/dao03865

Carlos H Romero, Ole Nielsen, Kathleen A Burek-Huntington, Caroline E C Goertz

{"title":"Simultaneous urogenital infection with novel upsilonpapillomaviruses and varicellovirus monodontidalpha1 in beluga whales Delphinapterus leucas from Bristol Bay, Alaska, USA.","authors":"Carlos H Romero, Ole Nielsen, Kathleen A Burek-Huntington, Caroline E C Goertz","doi":"10.3354/dao03865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03865","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the role of environmental factors such as pollution and infectious diseases on the health and well-being of free-ranging beluga whales Delphinapterus leucas is essential for their conservation. As part of this effort, 2 novel papillomaviruses (PVs) were identified in urogenital swabs of 2 free-ranging female beluga whales in Bristol Bay, Alaska, USA. Their genomes were 7825 and 7713 nucleotides (nt) in length with 84.6% nt and 82.5% amino acid identities for the L1 gene, generally used for classifying papillomaviruses. Both PV genomes contained an early region of E6, E1, E2 and E4 genes, a late region containing L2 and L1 genes, and a non-coding regulatory region. The carboxy end of the E6 oncoprotein of both PVs did not contain the PDZ-binding motif, known to have a strong correlation with oncogenicity. BLAST NCBI nt analyses of the L1 gene of 1 PV revealed highest identity (91.2%) with a PV of a short-beaked common dolphin Delphinus delphis, while the other PV showed highest identity (85.5%) with a PV from a Yangtze River finless porpoise Neophocaena asiaeorientalis. The PVs identified in this study share the highest identity with PV members of the genus Upsilonpapillomavirus, subfamily Firstpapillomavirinae, family Papillomaviridae. Also, 2 herpesviruses were isolated in primary beluga whale kidney cell cultures and identified by sequencing the glycoprotein B and E genes. Both herpesviruses corresponded to the species Varicellovirus monodontidalpha1. Our findings confirm the necessity to expand studies on the occurrence, dissemination and virus diversity that may be adversely affecting the well-being and preservation of beluga whales in Alaska.","PeriodicalId":11252,"journal":{"name":"Diseases of aquatic organisms","volume":"163 ","pages":"113-120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Parasites and mortality in the endangered fluted kidneyshell Ptychobranchus subtentus from the Clinch River, Tennessee, USA. 美国田纳西州克林奇河濒临绝种的细纹肾壳鱼（Ptychobranchus subtentus）寄生虫及死亡率。

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Diseases of aquatic organisms Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.3354/dao03867

Jeronimo G Da Silva Neto, Eliza Baker, Heidi M Wyrosdick, Gerald R Dinkins, Jordan C Richard, Richard W Gerhold, Augustin C Engman, Michelle M Dennis

{"title":"Parasites and mortality in the endangered fluted kidneyshell Ptychobranchus subtentus from the Clinch River, Tennessee, USA.","authors":"Jeronimo G Da Silva Neto, Eliza Baker, Heidi M Wyrosdick, Gerald R Dinkins, Jordan C Richard, Richard W Gerhold, Augustin C Engman, Michelle M Dennis","doi":"10.3354/dao03867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03867","url":null,"abstract":"The fluted kidneyshell Ptychobranchus subtentus is an endangered freshwater mussel that, as of 2012, has experienced nearly 70% decline from its historical range in the Cumberland and Tennessee River drainages of the southeastern USA. Understanding the factors contributing to morbidity and mortality is essential for the long-term conservation of the species and the development of effective recovery plans. In this study, we incorporated morphological, histological, and molecular techniques to identify and describe parasites and associated lesions in 18 P. subtentus collected from the Clinch River, USA, in 2018 and 2021-2023. We identified several parasites, including metacercariae of Homalometron sp. (Homalometridae; 6/7 case mussels, 7/11 controls), sporocysts of putative Phyllodistomum sp. (Gorgoderidae; 4/7 case mussels, 2/11 controls), adult Aspidogastridae, and gonadotropic microsporidia (2/7 case mussels, 6/11 controls). Notably, this is the first report of P. subtentus as the first intermediate host for Phyllodistomum sp. and second intermediate host for Homalometron sp. Additionally, we report the first documentation of Unionicola sp. mites and gonadotropic microsporidia in P. subtentus. Our findings contribute to the understanding of parasites in mussel populations and emphasize the need for further research on the role of parasitism in mussel mortality, especially in endangered species.","PeriodicalId":11252,"journal":{"name":"Diseases of aquatic organisms","volume":"163 ","pages":"121-138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trends in sea lice infestations on chum and pink salmon in the Broughton Archipelago remain unchanged despite removal of finfish aquaculture. 尽管取消了鱼类养殖，但布劳顿群岛的鲑鱼和粉红鲑鱼身上的海虱感染趋势仍未改变。

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Diseases of aquatic organisms Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.3354/dao03866

Simon R M Jones, Crawford W Revie, Lance Stewardson

{"title":"Trends in sea lice infestations on chum and pink salmon in the Broughton Archipelago remain unchanged despite removal of finfish aquaculture.","authors":"Simon R M Jones, Crawford W Revie, Lance Stewardson","doi":"10.3354/dao03866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03866","url":null,"abstract":"To better understand the relative contributions of sea lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Caligus clemensi from farmed and non-farmed sources, infestations with sea lice are described on juvenile chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta and pink salmon O. gorbuscha from the Broughton Archipelago (BA) in coastal British Columbia, Canada, during a period of declining salmon aquaculture presence. A total of 2868 salmon were collected by beach seine from 14 sites between 2016 and 2024 and examined for sea lice infestation by microscope. During this time, production of Atlantic salmon in open netpens in the BA declined from a high of 21645 metric tonnes (t) in 17 facilities in 2019 to 614 t in 2 facilities in 2024. The annual prevalence of all sea lice on chum salmon ranged from 53.7% in 2022 to 12.5% in 2023 and on pink salmon from 62.9% in 2022 to 7.3% in 2023. In 2024, the prevalence of L. salmonis and C. clemensi on both salmon species increased and was similar to or higher than annual prevalence values measured between 2016 and 2021, indicating the importance of natural reservoirs as sources of sea lice infestation in the BA.","PeriodicalId":11252,"journal":{"name":"Diseases of aquatic organisms","volume":"163 ","pages":"107-112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification of antibacterial and chemotactic activities of a novel NK-lysin peptide from Lateolabrax japonicus. 一种新型日本鳗鲡nk -溶酶肽的抗菌和趋化活性鉴定。

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Diseases of aquatic organisms Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.3354/dao03863

Bing Wang, Guang-Hua Wang, Yue Wang, Zi-Yue Chen, Kai Yang, Hao Jing, Zhi-Shu Zhu, Min Zhang

{"title":"Identification of antibacterial and chemotactic activities of a novel NK-lysin peptide from Lateolabrax japonicus.","authors":"Bing Wang, Guang-Hua Wang, Yue Wang, Zi-Yue Chen, Kai Yang, Hao Jing, Zhi-Shu Zhu, Min Zhang","doi":"10.3354/dao03863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03863","url":null,"abstract":"NK-lysin is an effective antimicrobial peptide secreted by natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Although numerous studies have been conducted on NK-lysin, its biological functions have not yet been comprehensively catalogued. In this study, a novel NK-lysin peptide, NKLj27, located in the SapB domain of Japanese seabass Lateolabrax japonicus, was identified and synthesized, and its antibacterial and chemotactic activities were investigated. Bioinformatic analyses showed that NKLj27 shared 66.67-79.17% sequence homology with known teleost NK-lysin peptides, and the spatial structure prediction of NKLj27 indicated that it was mainly composed of α-helices. A subsequent antibacterial assay demonstrated that NKLj27 exhibits potent activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Vibrio litoralis, V. alginolyticus, Listonella anguillarum, Escherichia coli, V. harveyi, and V. scophthalmi. During the interaction with V. alginolyticus, NKLj27 changed the cell membrane permeability, causing leakage of cellular contents, while the cell membrane structure remained basically intact; subsequently, NKLj27 penetrated into the cytoplasm and acted on bacterial nucleic acids. It first bound to bacterial genomic DNA and RNA, then caused their retardation and degradation, and following incubation, it changed the physical conformation of the DNA molecules. The in vivo experiments showed that NKLj27 significantly reduced V. alginolyticus load in fish tissues. At the cellular level, NKLj27 also exhibited chemotactic activity on epithelioma papulosum cyprini cells. In summary, these results provide new insights into the functions of NK-lysin peptides in teleosts and show the potential of using NKLj27 in aquaculture for bacterial disease control.","PeriodicalId":11252,"journal":{"name":"Diseases of aquatic organisms","volume":"163 ","pages":"79-93"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Marine and synthetic glutamatergic neurotoxins accumulate in and immobilize intertidal sea stars. 海洋和合成谷氨酸能神经毒素在潮间带海星体内积聚并使其无法活动。

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Diseases of aquatic organisms Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.3354/dao03864

Dennie Truong, Reyn M Yoshioka, Carmen Cartisano, Jacqueline L Padilla-Gamiño, Maya L Groner

{"title":"Marine and synthetic glutamatergic neurotoxins accumulate in and immobilize intertidal sea stars.","authors":"Dennie Truong, Reyn M Yoshioka, Carmen Cartisano, Jacqueline L Padilla-Gamiño, Maya L Groner","doi":"10.3354/dao03864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03864","url":null,"abstract":"Domoic acid (DA) is a naturally occurring amino acid structurally analogous to kainic acid (KA). DA, a neurotoxin commonly associated with toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia species, enters the food chain via filter feeders and poses a potential threat to predators such as sea stars. To assess the presence of DA, wild-collected sea stars (Pisaster ochraceus and Asterias spp.) were analyzed for DA. Although there were no signs of a recent Pseudo-nitzschia bloom prior to collection, both species had low levels of detectable DA, primarily concentrated in the pyloric caeca. DA concentrations in P. ochraceus tissues ranged from 0 to 1033 ng g-1 tissue, averaging (±SE) 614 ± 93 ng g-1 in pyloric caeca, and were negatively correlated with body mass. DA concentrations in Asterias spp. averaged 123 ± 34 ng g-1 in pyloric caeca. Subsequently, to assess neurotoxic impacts-behaviorally and physiologically-we challenged Asterias spp. with KA, as a stand-in for DA, using intraperitoneal injections of 0, 3, or 30 μg KA g-1 body mass. Immediately following exposure, 11 out of 12 sea stars injected with 30 μg KA g-1 failed to right themselves within 30 min and their arm circumference was reduced by 19.7 ± 3.5%. Righting time, but not arm circumference, recovered within 2 d. We hypothesize that these responses precipitated from KA binding to glutamate receptors in the mutable collagenous tissue. These findings reveal that DA accumulates in sea star tissues, and that KA can cause significant yet reversible behavioral changes, raising concerns about the impact of repeated, long-term, or higher-dose exposures of wild sea stars to these neurotoxins.","PeriodicalId":11252,"journal":{"name":"Diseases of aquatic organisms","volume":"163 ","pages":"95-105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae occurrence, epidemiology and vaccine reactions in cetaceans: a thirty-year retrospective based on two global surveys. 鲸类动物中红喉丹毒的发生、流行病学和疫苗反应：基于两次全球调查的30年回顾性研究。

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Diseases of aquatic organisms Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.3354/dao03862

Geraldine Lacave, E Cox

{"title":"Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae occurrence, epidemiology and vaccine reactions in cetaceans: a thirty-year retrospective based on two global surveys.","authors":"Geraldine Lacave, E Cox","doi":"10.3354/dao03862","DOIUrl":"10.3354/dao03862","url":null,"abstract":"Erysipelas, an infection caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, has always been a threat to marine mammal collections. A first global survey (1989-2000) about erysipelas occurrences, covering 1384 animals, reported 69 cases of erysipelas (5%). To better understand the disease epidemiology and vaccine-related reactions, a second survey (2001-2020) was conducted, reaching a 68.6% response rate (140/204 facilities) and including 2267 cetaceans. It reported 108 cases (4.8%), with more than 5 cases annually and a 50% fatality rate. At least 1 case was reported in 40% of responding facilities, all involving non-vaccinated animals or those vaccinated only once or twice. Most facilities began vaccinating after experiencing a case, while fear of adverse fatal anaphylaxis reaction remains the primary reason for avoiding it. Notably, only 1 fatal vaccine reaction was reported in 1989, though procaine penicillin had been co-administered. Adverse reactions were rare and mostly resembled expected inflammatory reactions post vaccination such as anorexia, local swelling or blood changes. These were more frequent with oil-adjuvanted vaccines containing alpha-tocopherol or Amphigen®, and minimal to absent with aluminum hydroxide-based vaccines. Three facilities using the Amphigen®-adjuvanted ER Bac® Plus vaccine (Zoetis) observed transient lethargy and irregular breathing in 8 animals after several vaccinations, of which 1 had been treated. Regional differences in vaccine availability were observed. This 30 yr retrospective study highlights that cetaceans in human care face a greater risk of dying from erysipelas than from vaccine side effects. Furthermore, regular vaccination appears to offer effective protection against this preventable disease.","PeriodicalId":11252,"journal":{"name":"Diseases of aquatic organisms","volume":"163 ","pages":"63-78"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144854897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis (CXc) and its associated phage pCXc in black abalone of Baja California, Mexico. 墨西哥下加利福尼亚州黑鲍鱼中加利福尼亚候选菌（CXc）及其伴生噬菌体pCXc的鉴定。

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Diseases of aquatic organisms Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.3354/dao03860

Casandra Delgadillo-Anguiano, Fabiola Lafarga-De la Cruz, Julio Lorda, Carmen E Vargas-Peralta, Gabriela Montaño-Moctezuma, Beatriz Ibarra-Macías, Rodrigo Beas-Luna, Alicia Abadía-Cardoso

{"title":"Evaluation of Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis (CXc) and its associated phage pCXc in black abalone of Baja California, Mexico.","authors":"Casandra Delgadillo-Anguiano, Fabiola Lafarga-De la Cruz, Julio Lorda, Carmen E Vargas-Peralta, Gabriela Montaño-Moctezuma, Beatriz Ibarra-Macías, Rodrigo Beas-Luna, Alicia Abadía-Cardoso","doi":"10.3354/dao03860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03860","url":null,"abstract":"Black abalone Haliotis cracherodii from California, USA, and Baja California, Mexico, have faced massive population declines for more than 30 yr. The main factors contributing to these declines have been overfishing, pollution, climate change, and lethal diseases, such as withering syndrome, caused by the intracellular bacterium Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis (CXc). In recent years, the presence of an associated bacteriophage, pCXc, infecting CXc was detected and reported in some abalone species from California and Baja California. In the present study, 199 black abalone fecal samples from 14 sites along the Baja California coast were analyzed for the presence of CXc and pCXc DNA. The overall prevalence of bacteria and phage-infected bacteria was 44 and 38%, respectively. We found significant differences in the relationship between the prevalence and the mean lengths of abalone throughout the study area. This result is probably due to differences in the size-frequency distribution between sampling zones. The only site where we found a relationship between prevalence and length was in Isla Todos Santos. We did not see a relationship between abalone density and the prevalence of the bacteria and the phage. Additionally, we found a positive but non-significant correlation in prevalence between CXc and pCXc. This study is the first to detect the presence of pCXc DNA in wild populations of black abalone of Baja California.","PeriodicalId":11252,"journal":{"name":"Diseases of aquatic organisms","volume":"163 ","pages":"25-38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144648824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Host-consumed resources increase pathogen load of endoparasites more than integument-infecting parasites. 宿主消耗的资源比被膜感染的寄生虫更能增加内寄生虫的病原体负荷。

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Diseases of aquatic organisms Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.3354/dao03861

Brin J Shayhorn, Chloe T Ramsay, Kristi Medina, Erin L Sauer, Jason R Rohr

{"title":"Host-consumed resources increase pathogen load of endoparasites more than integument-infecting parasites.","authors":"Brin J Shayhorn, Chloe T Ramsay, Kristi Medina, Erin L Sauer, Jason R Rohr","doi":"10.3354/dao03861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03861","url":null,"abstract":"Pathogens use host resources for replication. Consequently, pathogen traits, such as where they infect a host, might allow pathogens to capitalize on host-consumed nutrients before the host. For instance, parasites with short generation times in the host gut or blood might benefit more from host-consumed resources than the host, whereas parasites in or on the host integument (e.g. skin, cuticle, exoskeleton), such as ectoparasites, might benefit less from host-consumed resources than the host. Thus, it is unclear whether increased food consumption by hosts should reduce or amplify pathogen levels. We conducted experiments on Cuban treefrogs Osteopilus septentrionalis to test how food availability affects infection levels of ranavirus and the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), which are both associated with mass die-offs of amphibians. Given that ranavirus is an endoparasite with a much shorter generation time than the skin-infecting Bd, we postulated that ranavirus might be able to capitalize on host-consumed resources more quickly than Bd. Hence, we hypothesized that increased food availability to hosts might reduce Bd infections more than ranavirus infections. As predicted, augmenting food access decreased Bd infection intensity but increased ranavirus infection intensity. Future work should assess whether pathogen traits, such as generation time and where they infect hosts, generally affect whether food resources more positively benefit hosts or pathogens.","PeriodicalId":11252,"journal":{"name":"Diseases of aquatic organisms","volume":"163 ","pages":"39-47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144648825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low abnormality rate shows the tentacular armature to be a reliable morphological character in trypanorhynch cestode taxonomy. 低异常率表明触手枢椎是一种可靠的锥体分类特征。

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Diseases of aquatic organisms Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.3354/dao03857

Harry W Palm, Eva Jakob, Xaver Neitemeier-Duventester, Mohammad Haseli

{"title":"Low abnormality rate shows the tentacular armature to be a reliable morphological character in trypanorhynch cestode taxonomy.","authors":"Harry W Palm, Eva Jakob, Xaver Neitemeier-Duventester, Mohammad Haseli","doi":"10.3354/dao03857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03857","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 4193 specimens with everted tentacles of the trypanorhynch cestode Mixonybelinia lepturi obtained from Gempylus serpens and Trichiurus lepturus were examined in order to identify abnormalities in hook shape and armature pattern. The abnormality rate of the tentacular hooks and armature was 0.09%, ranging from changed hook direction and slight changes of single hook shapes to completely altered hooks and armature patterns. In a single case, the armature pattern could not be assigned to any existing trypanorhynch family. The observed malformations were classified in 5 categories and 9 types, a categorization also to be used as a standard for other trypanorhynchs. The low abnormality rate demonstrates high reliability of tentacular hooks and armature patterns as taxonomic characters in trypanorhynch systematics, confirming that trypanorhynch larvae have identical tentacular armatures compared with their adults. Considering the low rate of abnormality, the role of environmental factors in causing the unsymmetrical changes on originally symmetrical tentacles is probably weak. Therefore, a genetic origin seems to be more probable. Such phenotypic armature variations may cause transfer of worms to new attachment sites within the same host or into a new host species, where new tentacular armatures with increased fitness are eventually formed by natural selection under the model of micro-allopatric speciation. The finding of an abnormal tentacle that unites hollow and solid hooks together with completely altered hook shapes and armature patterns is good evidence in demonstrating the ancient origin of different hook shapes and the evolutionary changes of armature patterns.","PeriodicalId":11252,"journal":{"name":"Diseases of aquatic organisms","volume":"163 ","pages":"49-62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144648826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Erysipelothrix in Cook Inlet, Alaska, USA: an emerging bacterial pathogen of the endangered Cook Inlet beluga whale. 美国阿拉斯加州库克湾的丹毒：濒危的库克湾白鲸的一种新出现的细菌病原体。

IF 1.1 4区农林科学

Diseases of aquatic organisms Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.3354/dao03859

Natalie Rouse, Kathy Burek Huntington, Caroline E C Goertz, Natalie Hunter, Sreejith Radhakrishnan, Taya Forde

引用次数: 0