Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal最新文献

A Study of Marketing Losses in Deciduous Fruit Trees in Baghdad Governorate: Economic Effects and Causes 巴格达省落叶果树市场损失的研究：经济影响和原因

Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.52951/dasj.25170202

Zuhal R. Kadhim, Mhana A. Mahmood, Norsida Man

{"title":"A Study of Marketing Losses in Deciduous Fruit Trees in Baghdad Governorate: Economic Effects and Causes","authors":"Zuhal R. Kadhim, Mhana A. Mahmood, Norsida Man","doi":"10.52951/dasj.25170202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52951/dasj.25170202","url":null,"abstract":"Deciduous fruit trees are among the agricultural products most susceptible to spoilage and post-harvest loss due to their inability to withstand environmental conditions and inadequate marketing services. The study aimed to estimate post-harvest losses of deciduous fruits and then identify the most important factors causes leading to losses. Descriptive statistical and quantitative mathematical equations methods were used to analyze data collected from a random sample of fifty apricot and peach plantation growers, and a random sample of fifty wholesale traders of the two crops in local markets in Baghdad Governorate. The estimated results indicated that the monetary losses from marketing losses in the two crops apricot and peach at the level of plantation owners were estimated at approximately 39 and 28 thousand dollars for each, respectively. At the wholesale market level, the marketing loss rate for apricot and peach crops was estimated at approximately 22% and 10% for each crop, respectively, while monetary losses were estimated at approximately 55 and 10 thousand dollars for each of them, respectively. It became clear that the most vital elements causing post-harvest losses at the level of plantation owners are the falling of fruits during the picking and harvesting process and the failure to utilize them, while it was found that the most important factor causing post-harvest losses at the wholesale level is exposure to unsuitable environmental conditions in the market because of exposed supply of fruits. Therefore, farmers should be encouraged to be choosing appropriate dates and environmental conditions for harvesting fruits.","PeriodicalId":11234,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal","volume":"17 2","pages":"15-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://journal.djas.uodiyala.edu.iq/index.php/dasj/article/download/11327/9550","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147908099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emerging Frontiers in Nanotechnology for Salinity Stress Management: A Global Bibliometric Analysis 纳米技术在盐度胁迫管理中的新兴前沿：全球文献计量分析

Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.52951/dasj.25170204

Abhishek Singh, Vishnu D. Rajput, Rupesh Kumar Singh, Mohamed S. Elshikh, Hassan El-Ramady, JÓZSEF PROKISCH, Cheng Liu, Priyadarshani Rajput, T. M. Minkina, João Ricardo Sousa, Athanasios Alexiou, Sakshi Singh, Vahagn Varagyan, Karen Ghazaryan

{"title":"Emerging Frontiers in Nanotechnology for Salinity Stress Management: A Global Bibliometric Analysis","authors":"Abhishek Singh, Vishnu D. Rajput, Rupesh Kumar Singh, Mohamed S. Elshikh, Hassan El-Ramady, JÓZSEF PROKISCH, Cheng Liu, Priyadarshani Rajput, T. M. Minkina, João Ricardo Sousa, Athanasios Alexiou, Sakshi Singh, Vahagn Varagyan, Karen Ghazaryan","doi":"10.52951/dasj.25170204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52951/dasj.25170204","url":null,"abstract":"The use of nanotechnology to manage salinity stress has recently become a prominent focus in agricultural and environmental research, garnering substantial global attention. Soil Salinity encompasses three fundamental principles: minimizing salt accumulation, enhancing soil coverage, and rotating with salt-tolerant crops. This field has experienced a surge in research activity, with the number of peer-reviewed publications on nanotechnology and salinity stress increasing exponentially. This investigation aims to critically analyze all peer-reviewed documents on nanotechnology and salinity stress published between 2021 and 2024, as indexed in the Dimensions core database. The search yielded 500 papers processed using an R-based bibliometric package to examine annual scientific production trends, sources, authors, documents, citations, keyword analysis, and co-occurrence networking using VOSviewer. Our results indicate a significant expansion in conservation agriculture research from 2021 to 2024. Notably, the top 10 core source journals make the most substantial contributions to the field, while 2570 researchers have authored or co-authored at least one document on salinity stress and nanotechnology. The prominence of nanoparticle-based research for managing saline soil in countries such as China, India, Egypt, Pakistan, and Iran highlights the critical nature of this issue in these regions. Nevertheless, this field of study has attracted global attention. The overall conclusion of this study provides a bibliometric analysis and nanotechnological basis for salinity stress management.","PeriodicalId":11234,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal","volume":"17 2","pages":"46-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://journal.djas.uodiyala.edu.iq/index.php/dasj/article/download/11329/9552","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147897111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Leveling and Tillage Equipment on Soil Bulk Density and Yield of Maize 平整和耕作设备对土壤容重和玉米产量的影响

Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.52951/dasj.23150212

A. Jasim, Zaidoon Ahmad Alathami, Ali J. Yousif

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Extension Workers’ Nutrition Education Competency Level and Training Needs in Katsina State, Nigeria 尼日利亚卡齐纳州推广人员营养教育能力水平和培训需求评估

Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.52951/dasj.23150207

Hussaini Yusuf Ibrahim, Sani Ibrahim, A. A. Khidir, Abdullahi Sani

{"title":"Assessment of Extension Workers’ Nutrition Education Competency Level and Training Needs in Katsina State, Nigeria","authors":"Hussaini Yusuf Ibrahim, Sani Ibrahim, A. A. Khidir, Abdullahi Sani","doi":"10.52951/dasj.23150207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52951/dasj.23150207","url":null,"abstract":"This research was carried out to assess the extension workers’ nutrition education competency level and training needs in Katsina state, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used to sample 90 extension workers from the three agricultural zones in the state. Seven categories of 49 specific nutrition education competency items were adapted for the study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the sampled respondents. The mean competency rating for each competency item was computed using SPSS and Microsoft Excel. A Mean scale to interpret the computed mean values. While mean weight discrepancy score was used to determine the areas of training needed by the extension workers. The findings showed that 85.6% of the respondents were males with a mean age of 44 years. It also revealed that the extension workers had a high level of literacy and vast years of working experience of 20-25 years. In terms of their nutrition education competency level, the findings showed that 71.42% of the extension workers have an average competency level on basic nutrition knowledge, nutritional needs of different household members, Hygiene and sanitation, Post-harvest handling and food safety, as well as on Gender and nutrition. However, the extension workers were found to have a low competency level in planning and resource allocation for household food security which also featured to be the prioritized area of training needed by the extension workers. It was finally recommended that nutrition education should be integrated into the extension worker's professional training in the study area.","PeriodicalId":11234,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal","volume":" 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139141580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Compaction Energy on Selected Physical and Hydraulic Properties of Soils Amended With Different Sources of Organic Matter 压实能对不同有机质来源改良土壤的部分物理和水力特性的影响

Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.52951/dasj.23150209

J. H. Abdulkareem, Aisha Abdulkadir, Tse Terna James

{"title":"Effect of Compaction Energy on Selected Physical and Hydraulic Properties of Soils Amended With Different Sources of Organic Matter","authors":"J. H. Abdulkareem, Aisha Abdulkadir, Tse Terna James","doi":"10.52951/dasj.23150209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52951/dasj.23150209","url":null,"abstract":"Soil compaction has been recognized as a severe problem in mechanized agriculture and influences soil properties and processes. A study evaluated the effect of different energy levels on selected properties of Alfisols treated with different sources of organic amendments. The treatments consisted of soils with compost (10 pots), cow dung (10 pots), and control. These were laid out in a completely randomized design and replicated two times. All pots (soil ± amendment) were saturated and allowed to drain freely for 24 hours and 48 hours, respectively, and compacted to 0, 75, 150, 225, and 300 Joules of energy. Bulk density (BD), penetration resistance (PR), saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), particle size distribution (PSD), gravimetric moisture content (GMC), and moisture retention (MR) was determined from treated plots. Results obtained indicated that the soil is sandy. BD and PR were highest in control, with mean values of 1.803 g cm-3 and 1.762 kg F cm-2, respectively. Treatment with compost improved the BD and PR with lower mean values of 1.320 g cm-3 and 1.283 kg F cm-2 respectively, compared to cow dung and untreated control. With increasing energy inputs, there was a highly significant difference amongst the studied soil properties at all the energies at p<0.0001. Minimum tillage is recommended to reduce the stress caused by heavy energy inputs on these soil properties. The organic matter will directly contribute to plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and micronutrients.","PeriodicalId":11234,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139138487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Competitiveness and Comparative Advantage of Rice Production in Katsina State, Nigeria 尼日利亚卡齐纳州水稻生产的竞争力和比较优势

Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.52951/dasj.23150202

Abdullahi Sani, Hassan I. Ibrahim, S. Adeola

{"title":"Competitiveness and Comparative Advantage of Rice Production in Katsina State, Nigeria","authors":"Abdullahi Sani, Hassan I. Ibrahim, S. Adeola","doi":"10.52951/dasj.23150202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52951/dasj.23150202","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out to analyze the competitiveness and comparative advantage of rice production in Katsina state. A total of 196 farmers were sampled using a multi-stage sampling technique. Both primary and secondary data were utilized in the study. The primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire by trained enumerators, while the secondary data on international market prices were collected from various government and non-governmental agencies. Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM), Profit share analysis and farm budgeting techniques were used for data analysis. The result of the financial profitability analysis revealed that a typical rice farmer earned an average revenue and profit of ₦663,799.25/ha and ₦322,356/ha, respectively. The result of the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) indicator (Domestic Resource Cost) showed that the farmers had a comparative advantage in rice production by having a ratio of less than one (0.46). Similarly, the percentage of the Unit Cost Domestic index (UCD) and Unit Cost Export index (UCX) for the farmers were less than 0.51 and 0.57, respectively, showing that the farmers were competitive in domestic and international markets. The Effective Protection Coefficient (EPC) ratio of greater than one showed that the farmers were positively affected by the government's agricultural policies. It was recommended that the current combined trade policies in the rice sector should be sustained to strengthen the comparative advantage and increase the competitiveness of the local rice.","PeriodicalId":11234,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139140866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of Different Qualities of Colostrum at Different Times on Karadi Calves’ Performances 不同时期不同品质的初乳对卡拉迪犊牛生产性能的影响

Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.52951/dasj.23150208

S. M. Abdullah, Bahroz Muhammed Saleh Ahmed

{"title":"Impact of Different Qualities of Colostrum at Different Times on Karadi Calves’ Performances","authors":"S. M. Abdullah, Bahroz Muhammed Saleh Ahmed","doi":"10.52951/dasj.23150208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52951/dasj.23150208","url":null,"abstract":"Colostrum gives the newborn calf maternal antibodies that help it fight disease. A calf that does not receive colostrum has a higher risk of illness until it develops antibodies of its own at around 6 weeks of age. This study aims to evaluate the immunity background of Karadi calves, measuring physiological responses to different qualities of colostrum and testing Karadi calves for survival in the herd. Twelve females local Karadi calves (0-day olds) were divided into two treatments with two levels for each. Using low and high colostrum quality before 6 hours and after 6 hours from parturition. Regarding calf body weight, withers height, immunoglobulin G concentration, and dry matter intake, there is no significant difference between low- and high-quality colostrum feed. However, our results show that calf body weight, withers height, and respiration rate were higher (P < 0.01) when colostrum was fed six hours after birth compared to those fed six hours after birth. However, there is no significant difference in the rectal temperature of the calf fed before six hours and six hours after birth. Results show that the total white blood cells, lymphocyte, neutrophil, eosinophil, and basophil numbers were unaffected by treatment, time and the interaction between treatment and time. Monocyte numbers have a tendency toward significant by treatment. Total plasma protein was not affected by treatment and time, but it tends significant treatment over time.","PeriodicalId":11234,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139140263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect Concentration of Water Extract of Nerium oleander and Juglans nigra L. Allelopathy on Seed Germination and Radicle Length of (Silybum marianum) 夹竹桃和黑胡椒水提取物浓度对水飞蓟种子发芽和胚根长度的影响

Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.52951/dasj.23150205

Rozhgar Abdulla Rasul

{"title":"Effect Concentration of Water Extract of Nerium oleander and Juglans nigra L. Allelopathy on Seed Germination and Radicle Length of (Silybum marianum)","authors":"Rozhgar Abdulla Rasul","doi":"10.52951/dasj.23150205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52951/dasj.23150205","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was done to determine the allelopathic effects of Juglans nigra L. and Nerium oleander on the germination and radicle length of Milk thistle (Silybum marianum). The experiment was designed according to a completely randomized design (CRD). In this experiment, leaf-, hull-, and root extracts in two concentrations control, 5 and 10g L-1 was utilized. The experiment was conducted in a growth chamber with a temperature of 15 C0. After storing the seeds for 14 days, many characteristics were examined, including radicle length cm and germination rate percent. Concentrations of walnut and oleander extract had a substantial impact on every parameter under investigation. The results showed that the (T1) control treatment had the greatest germination and radicle length which were 70% and 20.08, respectively, compared with other treatments. A 10g L-1 extract concentration was used to measure the minimum values for two of the aforementioned parameters. It was found that (Juglans nigra L.) and Nerium oleander %10 extracts inhibit the growth of Silybum marianum and can be utilized to manage it in the field. However, more studies are needed to confirm the results.","PeriodicalId":11234,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139141285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diastase Enzyme activity and Hydroxymethylfurfural production during thermal processing of honey 蜂蜜热加工过程中的双酶活性和羟甲基糠醛产量

Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.52951/dasj.23150201

Najat Zaid Mohammad Mohammad, Kamaran Abdoulrahman, A. Karim

{"title":"Diastase Enzyme activity and Hydroxymethylfurfural production during thermal processing of honey","authors":"Najat Zaid Mohammad Mohammad, Kamaran Abdoulrahman, A. Karim","doi":"10.52951/dasj.23150201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52951/dasj.23150201","url":null,"abstract":"The thermal treatment of honey is used to prevent honey crystallization which is one of the main problems that face beekeepers. In this study three samples of honey were heated at 40, 60, 80 and 100 °C, as a function of time in hours (h). Heating the samples at 40 °C did not show any significant effect on hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) production or diastase enzyme activity up to 95 hours. Heating to higher temperatures 60, 80 and 100 °C resulted in a regular increase in HMF content and drop-off in diastase activity as a function of time. The HMF content reached 40 mg/kg after 80, 12.5 and 6 hours. For the three samples at 60, 80 and 100 °C respectively. Conversely, diastase enzyme activity reached close to 8 IU after 96, 12.5 and 5 hours. For the following temperatures 60, 80 and 100 °C respectively. The results showed that heating temperatures up to 40 °C is safe for long-term storage, while heating at 60 °C could be used but for a shorter treatment time. Results showed that the must temperature does not exceed 60 °C for 5 hours or 80 °C for one hour to preserve the honey's quality. The reaction rate constants and activation energy Ea of HMF formation in three samples were found 83.07, 91.79 and 89.57 kJ.mol-1 respectively. Therefore, honey can be preserved in this way, while at the same time the HMF remains below the permissible values, and the enzymatic activity remains at its highest level.","PeriodicalId":11234,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal","volume":" 89","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139139089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Combination Effects of Rhizobium sp. and Nano-Fe on Growth, Nodulation, and Nutrient Uptake of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) 根瘤菌和纳米铁对鹰嘴豆（Cicer arietinum L.）生长、结实和养分吸收的联合影响

Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.52951/dasj.23150203

Shene A. Abdulla, Khunaw A. Rahman

{"title":"Combination Effects of Rhizobium sp. and Nano-Fe on Growth, Nodulation, and Nutrient Uptake of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)","authors":"Shene A. Abdulla, Khunaw A. Rahman","doi":"10.52951/dasj.23150203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52951/dasj.23150203","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of Fe Nano fertilizer and Rhizobium inoculation on nodulation, nitrogen fixation, and the plant growth of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). The soil samples were collected from the fields that were previously planted with chickpea. The study included testing the interaction influence of five levels of Nano Fe and three soil inoculation treatments using three replicates. The results indicated that Nano Fe application and soil inoculation rhizobium had a significant effect on plant growth number of seeds per plant and the seed protein content of chickpea. The plant height is greatly increased in the sterilizing process. The shoot height and root lengths of seedlings both increased significantly. The rhizobium bacteria have a positive impact on plant proteins and significantly increase the amount of protein in the plant. In conclusion, the results provided compelling evidence that the presence of Fe Nano fertilizer in nodules enhances nodulation and nitrogen fixation, improving the symbiotic performance between Rhizobium (chickpea) and the common bean plant.","PeriodicalId":11234,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal","volume":" 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139141856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0