Current Pediatric Research最新文献

{"title":"Frequency of hypocalcemia in jaundiced term neonates under phototherapy.","authors":"Hidhb Jawad Muhsin, Qasim M Hashim, A. Manji, J. Hashim, Mohammed FareedKadhim, A. Nasrawi","doi":"10.35841/0971-9032.25.8.794-798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0971-9032.25.8.794-798","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Jaundice is most frequent situations requiring medical attention in neonate (involvev 60% full-term infants and 80% preterm infants in the 1st week after birth). Neonatal jaundice is the most frequent cause for hospital admission in the first 2 weeks of life. Light therapy is one of ordinary approach to treat hyperbilirubinemi. Phototherapy plays a signifying part in treatment and prevention of hyperbilirubinemia. However, this treatment form may lead to development of some complications such as induction of hypocalcemia. Objective: The goal of research is to estimate the outcome of light therapy on serum calcium in neoborne with hyperbilirubinemia who undergo phtotherapy and to find the relation between effect of phototherapy on serum calcium and gender, mode of delivery and type of feeding. Methods: Across sectional study was conducted at neonatal care unit at AlZahraa teaching hospital from January 2017 to December 2017. This study was conducted on 62 neonates (37 male and 25 female) with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia admmited in newborn nursery of either gender managed by phototherapy entered in this study, calcium level evaluated before and 48 hours after light therapy for all neonate under phototherapy and the tow values were compared. Results: There was statistically important decline of serum calcium and bilirubin after phototherapy as compared with serum calcium and bilirubin levels before phototherapy in this study (P<0.001). Four neonates evolved hypocalcemia (sr.Ca<8 mg/dl) no one had symptoms. There was no expressive corporation between decline serum calcium level and gender, mode of delivery and type of feeding. Conclusion: There is significant decrease in serum calcium after light therapy but risk of hypocalcemia is low in healthy babies. No expressive corporation founds between decline in serum calcium and gender, mode of delivery and type of feeding.","PeriodicalId":11183,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70028402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical profile of children with sars-cov-2 infection from a dedicated covid-19 hospital in india","authors":"N. Pande, S. Save, A. Kondekar, V. Sawant, S. Rathi, S. Malik","doi":"10.35841/0971-9032.25.7.697-703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0971-9032.25.7.697-703","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the demography and clinical profile including severity, radiology, therapy, complications and outcome in hospitalized children with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This observational study enrolled 100 children, aged 1 month to 12 year with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, admitted consecutively from 21st April to 19th August 2020. The above parameters were described, analyzed and the association of age, gender and underlying co morbidity with the severity of disease was assessed. Results: The study enrolled 100 children, 63 boys (boys:girls ratio=1.7:1) with median age of presentation being 2 year (IQR: 0.64 years to 7.25 years). Thirty-three children were below the age of 1 year, 32 were between 1 and 5 years while 35 were >5 years. Sixty-three children had non severe and 37 had severe disease. Thirty children had underlying co-morbidities. The most common symptom was fever and the most common systems involved were respiratory system followed by gastro-intestinal. Twenty-two children had abnormal chest radiograph. Eighty-two children received antibiotics. Fifteen children suffered from complications of COVID-19. The median duration of hospital stay for children with severe disease was 8 d (IQR 5-12 d). There were 3 deaths and 97 were discharged. Age and gender had no association with severity of disease. The severity of disease had significant association with co morbidities and number of underlying co-morbidities (p-value<0.01). Conclusion: Children can have varied presentation of SARS-CoV-2 infection and need monitoring with optimum care.","PeriodicalId":11183,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"697-703"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70028555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of surfactant replacement therapy in preterm with respiratory distress syndrome in low sources center Al-Zahraa teaching Hospital at Al-Najaf city-Iraq.","authors":"Qassim Mohamed Hashim, A. Aasam, Hala Mohsen Obeid Alwan, A. Nasrawi","doi":"10.35841/0971-9032.25.8.738-743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0971-9032.25.8.738-743","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Every year, 15 million premature babies are born around the world. Prematurity and its complications cause more than a million deaths each year, accounting for approximately a third of all newborn deaths globally. Respiratory failure due to Hyaline Membrane Disease (HMD) is one of the primary causes of preterm infant death and morbidity. Aims of the study: 1) To assess the outcome of surfactant therapy using INSURE method in the management of respiratory distress syndrome. 2) To define the cofounder that may associate with its failure. Methods: This is a cross sectional study was performed in Al Zahraa teaching hospital for maternity and children in a period between January till June 2021. All neonates (gestational age between 28-32 weeks) were enrolled in the study. All of them have been diagnosed as RDS depending on clinical signs (tachypnea, grunting, nasal flaring, and cyanosis, substernal and inter costal retractions) and radiological features (air bronchograms, increasing hypo-aeration, reticulogranular or ground glass opacification). All of them were included in this experiment after receiving SRT using the INSURE technique. The required dose of surfactant was drawn out from its ampoule into a sterile syringe and allowed to warm to room temperature. After endotracheal tube inserted the infant is positioned supine on a flat surface with head turned to one side. Results: A total number of 50 neonates with clinical and radiological signs of RDS were included in the study; 54% of the study was male compared to female 46%. INSURE method was successful in saving the life of 31 out of 50 (62%) of them. The mean birth weights in the failure group were 1180(± 334) grams was significantly lower than the success group 1485 (± 428) grams. This study also showed that the INSURE method was successful in 26 among 36(72%) neonates with gestational age ≥ 30 weeks while succeed in 4 among 14(28%) neonates with gestational age <30 weeks. The severity of RDS was significantly increased in the failure group than in success group (88.8% vs. 12.5%). Tachycardia is most common complication during surfactant replacement therapy (36%), bradycardia (28%) and de saturation (26%). Conclusion: INSURE method is good method in management of respiratory distress syndromethat associated with decreased need for mechanical ventilation & decreased neonatal mortality rate. This study shows that preterm neonates with lower birth weight, lower gestational age, lower Apgar score at 5 minutes, with severe RDS & with prolonged administration have increased risk for INSURE method failure. Tachycardia, bradycardia and de saturation are the main complications during surfactant giving. And enough ICU beds with good nursing care appropriate with number improving outcomes of preterm patient. Every patient was received surfactant echocardiogram must be done to him for risk of PDA.","PeriodicalId":11183,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"738-743"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70028648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of occult kidney injury in glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency anemia.","authors":"A. AlAasam, Sultan Mohsin Ghanim, Seba Abdulkadhem, J. Hashim, Majid Abdul Hameed Al Kufy, A. Nasrawi","doi":"10.35841/0971-9032.25.8.752-755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0971-9032.25.8.752-755","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with Glucose-6-Phosphatase Dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzyme deficiency may develop hemolysis after administering different food, drugs, and herbs. Renal damage could be mild, resolving after administration of high-volume hydration and alkylating agents, or be severe and life-threatening due to acute renal failure. Materials and Methods: All children older than 28 days of age who were experiencing the first episode of the hemolytic crisis were enrolled in this prospective cohort study. In a period between February to May 2017. An acute hemolytic crisis is defined as the acute presence of pallor or jaundice, tea-color urine, normochromic normocytic anemia, reticulocytosis, indirect hyperbilirubinemia, and normal liver function test. Demographic information and laboratory investigation were taken to assess renal damage. Results: Totally, fifty children were included in the study, there was a significant decrease in GFR during the hemolytic crisis (mean=56.1 ml/min/1.73 m2), but the value increased to reach near normal (but still less than normal) during the next three weeks (mean=82.9 ml/min/1.73 m2). Surprisingly, the serum creatinine and BUN during the crisis and three weeks later were in the normal range. Discussion: In the recent survey, we found that the mean of GFR increased but did not reach the normal range three weeks after the hemolysis, although sCr levels were in the normal range. Therefore, we thought that G6PD deficiency per se might have an adverse outcome on the kidney functions. This finding was consistent with the study conducted by Hakeem et al., showing that the damage to the kidneys persisted even after the cessation of hemolysis, while the level of cystatin C was significantly higher compared to the control group fourteen days after hemolysis.","PeriodicalId":11183,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"752-755"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70028698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beraprost as initial pharmacologic treatment for pulmonary hypertension related to left to right shunt congenital heart disease.","authors":"Shirley Ferlina Lasmono, M. A. Rahman, K. A. Utamayasa, T. Ontoseno","doi":"10.35841/0971-9032.25.1.347-350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0971-9032.25.1.347-350","url":null,"abstract":"Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a common complication of uncorrected left-to-right shunt congenital heart disease. Beraprost have been used widely to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension in adult. However, the efficacy of the drug in Indonesian children has not been investigated. This study aim is to evaluate the efficacy of Beraprost in treating pulmonary arterial hypertension related to left-to-right shunt congenital heart disease. A randomized control trial was used in this study between April to September 2017 in Cardiology outpatient clinic of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. Subjects aged 2-12 years with pulmonary arterial hypertension randomly received Beraprost 0.35 mcg/kg eight hourly for 12 weeks. Efficacy was evaluated by echocardiography and adverse effect was monitored. Data were analysed by statistical software using t-test and Mann Whitney test with significance level set to 0.05. All procedures were approved by hospital ethics committee and registered at the ClinicalTrials.gov. Twenty two children were recruited into the study. Resolution of Beraprost in decreasing pulmonary arterial pressure was -21.32 ± 11.06 mmHg (p=0.034). Adverse effects reported were headache. As conclusion, Beraprost is effective and safe as initial pharmacologic treatment in treating pulmonary arterial hypertension related to left to right shunt congenital heart disease.","PeriodicalId":11183,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"347-350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70026970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accessibility Difficulties, and Utilization of Healthcare Services Among Jordanian Roma with Chronic Diseases","authors":"Mohammad Othman Abudari, M. Al-Hussami","doi":"10.35841/0971-9032.25.4.481-495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0971-9032.25.4.481-495","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To examine factors that affect healthcare utilization among Roma population with chronic diseases in Jordan. It also explores behavior-seeking health care among them, their characteristics and ability to access healthcare. Design/Methodology/Approach: A cross-sectional descriptive survey performed, data collection done through in-person interviews using a structured questionnaire based on the Canadian Community Health Survey. Andersen’s behavioral model was implemented to examine the influences of predisposing, enabling, need, and outcome factors on healthcare utilization using binary logistic regression, and predictors for accessibility difficulties using multiple linear regression, Findings: 98.8% of the participants stated that they had difficulties in getting the care needed for diagnosis, treatment, or consultation, and 24.8% said that they didn’t utilize healthcare services last year. The number of chronic diseases and satisfaction level with the healthcare services significantly increase utilization, on the other hand; age, health insurance, resident location, number of chronic diseases and their duration as well as satisfaction with the healthcare are significantly affect accessibility difficulties to healthcare services. Practical implications: Provide mobile health units to reach remote settlements, that provide efficient healthcare services that met their health needs, and to be integrated with local health system. Societal implications: Efforts to involve Roma children in education. Establishing vocational training programs ended with employments. Establish sufficient and reasonable housing, to be side by side to the other population. Originality/value: This study is considered as the first to address the Jordanian Roma health status, utilization and accessibility to healthcare services, the end results help in suggesting different approaches to improve health and promote health equity.","PeriodicalId":11183,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"481-495"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70027538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Yakson touch and kinesthetic stimulation on the behavioral development, pain and vitals of pre-term neonates during critical care stay: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Rashmi Ranjita Parhi, N. Das, P. Sahoo","doi":"10.35841/0971-9032.25.7.657-662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0971-9032.25.7.657-662","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Premature infants are susceptible to various sources of stress that is compounded by stays in critical care units. The evidence to recommend stimulation to reduce such stress in neonates is limited. Purpose: Determine effects of intervention. Methods: 64 pre-term neonates were randomized into two groups. One group received kinesthetic stimulation including the Yakson touch technique in addition to standard care while the other received only standard care. Primary outcome measures were the differences in the sleep-wake pattern and vital parameters and the secondary outcome measures pain response of preterm. ABSS and PIPP are between baselines and immediately after an invasive procedure. Analysis was per protocol. Result:58 neonates completed the trials and were analyzed. In the intervention group, ABS score change from 54.8% (pre-test) to 64.4% (post-test) for sleep and 45.2% (pre) to 35.5% (post) for awake in experimental group. 70.4% (pre) to 11.1% (post) for sleep and 29.6% (pre) to 88.9% (post) in control group. In PIPP the p=0.73 for control group and p=0.001 for the experimental group. The behavioral status in experimental group with the p-value=0.001(<0.05). The heart rate p-value of 0.001(<0.05), the respiratory rate the p-value=0.005(<0.05); in oxygen saturation p-value 0.02(<0.05) Conclusion: The intervention has significant effect on management of sleep-wake pattern, stabilization of the vitals (heart-rate, respiratory-rate and oxygen saturation) and minimization of pain during the heel-prick. Implications for Practice: Neonatal nurses can Practice for early improvement in different aspects of pre-terms. Implications for Research: Studies can be conducted for neuro-behavioral improvement by using this therapy.","PeriodicalId":11183,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"657-662"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70027833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute myocarditis in children with Scorpion sting envenomation: Prospective analysis","authors":"Prakash Vj, M. Patil, A. Sajjan, S. Patil, S. Kalyanshettar, Mohd. Shannawaz","doi":"10.35841/0971-9032.25.4.594-598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0971-9032.25.4.594-598","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Prospective observational analysis of all children admitted with scorpion sting and identifying acute myocarditis in these children. Methods: All children admitted at Pediatric ICU in the period between Jan 2018– Dec 2019 with scorpion sting were included in the study after taking informed consent from parents. History noted in detail. They were evaluated with complete hemogram, serum electrolytes, urea, creatinine, cardiac markers (CPKMB, Troponin-T), Electrocardiography (ECG), X-ray chest and 2D echocardiography. Data of Children who developed cardiovascular complications, positive cardiac markers and positive ECHO findings were studied. Children were managed as per the standard treatment protocol. Results: During the study period from Jan 2018–Dec 2019 total 61 children were admitted with scorpion sting. Forty five were male and 16 were female, mean age 6.9 ± 3.9 years. Among 61 cases, 21 (34.4%) of them developed myocarditis. In children with myocarditis Troponin-T was positive in 16 (76.2%) children, CPK–MB high in all (100%) the patients, mean CPK MB found to be 55.05 ± 4.52, ECG changes in four patients (19.04%) and X-ray chest changes in 7 (33.3%) cases. All these 21 cases showed varied abnormal ECHO findings. Ten (47.6%) patients required inotropes. Four children (19%) were on mechanical ventilation support. Twenty (98.36%) patients improved, 1(4.8%) patient had mortality. Repeat ECHO was done in all these cases before discharge which showed return of normal cardiac function. Conclusion: Scorpion venom can have a potent cardiotoxic effect. Hence ECG, cardiac markers and echocardiography must be included in all cases with scorpion sting which helps in early diagnosis and treatment of acute cardiac complications.","PeriodicalId":11183,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"594-598"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70027847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late preterm births and associated neonatal outcomes in a tertiary care center-A prospective observational study.","authors":"B. Gamini, S. Charki, M. Patil, S. Bidri","doi":"10.35841/0971-9032.25.7.677-684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0971-9032.25.7.677-684","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Prematurity is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among newborns. The incidence of preterm deliveries especially the late preterm births have unfortunately gone up in the last decade. Late preterm births are associated with increased neonatal complications compared to term births. This study makes an effort to find out the relevant maternal and fetal factors associated with late preterm births. This study also assesses the maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with late preterm births. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at Maternal and Child Health Unit of Shri B M Patil Medical College Hospital Vijayapur, Karnataka over a period of 1 year. 200 late preterm births and 200 term births were enrolled in the study. During the study period, all neonates delivered in the hospital were divided into two groups as late preterm group and term group. Maternal and neonatal data was collected in predefined structured proforma. Results: The mother's mean age in the late preterm group was 24.34 ± 4.07 years, and among the term group was 25.24 ± 4.54 years, which was not statistically significant (P=0.857). The obstetric risk factors observed for late preterm births were inadequate antenatal care (39%), premature rupture of membranes (31%), hypertensive disease of pregnancy (24.5%), previous preterm delivery (21%), and maternal anemia (13%). When two or more factors were found, late preterm labor incidence was 32.6% in this study. 14.5% late preterm's needed resuscitation (P=0.003), 45% late preterm neonates had difficulty establishing feeding at birth (P<0.001), 34% late preterm’s had respiratory distress at birth (P<0.001), 12% had hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (Stage2/3) (0.003), 35% had early-onset sepsis (P<0.001), 28% had jaundice (P<0.001), 24% had hypoglycemia (P<0.001), 41% had hypothermia (P<0.001), 13.5% had HSPDA (P<0.006). The duration of hospital stay was significantly more in late preterm neonates (8.7 ± 1.6 days) as compared to term neonates (3.9 ± 1.1 days) with a pvalue of <0.05. Most important is the mortality, which was significantly more among late preterm neonates (18%) than term neonates (6%) with a p-value of 0.011. Conclusion: Maternal risk factors such as preterm premature rupture of membrane, inadequate antenatal care, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and maternal anemia were associated with late preterm births. Since late preterm birth is an independent risk factor for neonatal morbidity and mortality compared to term neonates, knowing maternal and perinatal risk factors is essential. Early identification and management of these risk factors reduces the neonatal morbidities and mortalities.","PeriodicalId":11183,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"677-684"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70028098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serological and epidemiological study on COVID-19 infections in Nineveh governorate","authors":"K. Mahmood, H. Al-Nori, Z. Ali","doi":"10.35841/0971-9032.25.8.821-824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0971-9032.25.8.821-824","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A novel coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) discovered in China in December 2019 that has led to an unprecedented global pandemic. It causes coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), a respiratory illness with symptoms ranging from mild to severe with possible progression to pneumonia, multiple organ failure and even to death. Objectives: • To investigate the risk factors associated with COVID - 9 infections. • To investigate the occurrence and percentage of olfactory dysfunction in patients with COVID-19 infection. • To investigate the relationship between ABO and Rh blood groups and covid-19 infection. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 400 persons presenting with symptoms suggestive of COVID-19. These persons were admitted to Al Rabee hospital during a period from 1st June to 1st December 2020. ABO and Rh (D) blood groups test and covid-19 test were performed to all patients and control. COVID-19 test was confirmed by VIDAS methods. This study included 200 COVID-19 positive patients and 200 COVID-19 negative persons used as control. Results: Patients age ranged from 1 year to 80 years (mean age 54 years); the highest frequency of COVID-19 occurred in the age group (61-70) years. There were 120 (60%) males and 80 (40%) females with a ratio of 1.5:1. The most diffused risk factors associated with COVID-19 infection were older age, male sex and major comorbidities including (hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, chronic respiratory disease, obesity, smoking, chronic kidney disease, cancer, liver disease and malnutrition) 77% of patients reported olfactory dysfunction. The ABO blood group in 200 normal persons showed a distribution of 31%, 16%, 8% and 45% for A, B, AB and O, respectively vs. the ABO blood group in 200 COVID?19 positive patients showed a distribution of 46%, 18%, 9% and 27% for A, B, AB and O, respectively. ABO blood group was found to be significantly associated with COVID?19 status (P=0.001). The proportion of blood group A and O in COVID-19 patients were significantly higher and lower respectively than that in normal people (both P=0.001). No significant association was found between Rhesus negative (Rh-) blood group and occurrence of COVID-19 in present study. Conclusion: Our data found that the risk factors associated with COVID-19 infection were older age, male sex and comorbidities. And the risk of COVID-19 is higher with blood group A persons and lower with blood group O. Rhesus negative (Rh-) blood group associated with lower risk of COVID-19 illness.","PeriodicalId":11183,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"821-828"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70028466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}