Depression最新文献

{"title":"Reactive mood and atypical depression in psychiatrically hospitalized depressed adolescents","authors":"Kathleen M. Kaminski B.A., Dr. Michael W. Naylor M.D., Cheryl A. King Ph.D., Neera Ghazuiddin M.D.","doi":"10.1002/depr.3050030404","DOIUrl":"10.1002/depr.3050030404","url":null,"abstract":"We undertook this study to determine the frequency of atypical depression and associated features in a sample of adolescents hospitalized for depression. One hundred and twenty-two consecutively admitted depressed adolescents were included in the study. Each adolescent was retrospectively assessed for the presence of atypical depression based on the DSM W Atypical Feature Specifier criteria (mood reactivity plus two of four associated symptoms: hypercharge, hypersomnia, leaden paralysis, and/or a pathological sensitivity to rejection). We found that 45% of the depressed adolescents displayed a reactive mood. Seven percent of our subjects met criteria for atypical depression. An additional 7% met criteria for probable atypical depression (reactive mood plus one associated feature). Subjects with atypical depression and probable atypical depression were significantly less depressed than those with nonreactive mood. Depression 3:176–181 (1995). © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.","PeriodicalId":11179,"journal":{"name":"Depression","volume":"3 4","pages":"176-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/depr.3050030404","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88945879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"I123-iofetamine (IMP) spect brain imaging in depressed patients: Normalization of temporal lobe asymmetry during clinical recovery","authors":"Jay D. Amsterdam M.D.,&nbsp;P. David Mozley M.D.,&nbsp;Mady Hornig-Rohan M.D.","doi":"10.1002/depr.3050030603","DOIUrl":"10.1002/depr.3050030603","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Temporal lobe dysfunction may be involved in mediating some of the symptoms associated with depression. The purpose of this study was to compare temporal lobe activity during depression with activity during clinical improvement in the same patient using SPECT brain imaging with [I¹²³]-labeled iofetamine (IMP). Five patients with major depression who had pretreatment IMP SPECT scans were re-imaged during clinical recovery. Regions of interest were drawn around the temporal poles on the coronal sections of SPECT images, as well as around the whole brain on the sagittal sections. The count rates of IMP activity were then compared before and during clinical recovery. In all cases, we observed a normalization in the degree of right temporal lobe IMP accumulation (i.e., temporal lobe asymmetry) during successful antidepressant therapy. Depression 3:213-211 (1995/1996). © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</p>","PeriodicalId":11179,"journal":{"name":"Depression","volume":"3 6","pages":"273-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/depr.3050030603","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79574949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of self–report and clinician ratings of depression among outpatient adolescents","authors":"Mark A. Reinecke Ph.D.,&nbsp;Theresa M. Schultz M.A.","doi":"10.1002/depr.3050030310","DOIUrl":"10.1002/depr.3050030310","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To determine whether adolescents' scores on clinician-ating and self–report scales for depression were comparable, a sample of 43 adolescent outpatients completed four objective, self–report questionnaires. Their scores on these measures were compared with each other and with clinicians' scores on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Correlations between the self-report questionnaires ranged from .52 to .88 (P ± .001); whereas their correlations with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression ranged from .56 to .66. While supportive of the convergent validity of these measures, our findings suggest that important differences exist between alternative measures of depression, and that scores derived from different scales may not be equivalent. Depression 3:139–145 (1995). © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</p>","PeriodicalId":11179,"journal":{"name":"Depression","volume":"3 3","pages":"139-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/depr.3050030310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73731683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbamazepine increased pregnenolone synthesis blocked by peripheral type benzodiazepine receptor antagonist","authors":"Bai-Shen Pan M.D.,&nbsp;Husseini K. Manji M.D., FRCPC,&nbsp;Mark E. Schmidt M.D.,&nbsp;William Z. Potter M.D., Ph.D.","doi":"10.1002/depr.3050030602","DOIUrl":"10.1002/depr.3050030602","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite the widespread use of carbamazepine (CBZ) in the treatment of a number of neuropsychiatric disorders, its mechanism(s) of action remain to be elucidated. In view of the postulated interaction of CBZ with peripheral type benzodiazepine (BDZ) receptors and the role of these receptors in regulating neuroactive steroid biosynthesis, we investigated the effects of CBZ on pregnenolone accumulation in cultured rat C6 glioma cells. We found that CBZ elevates pregnenolone accumulation over a period of 60 min, and that this effect was not due to inhibition of pregnenolone metabolism. Preincubation of C6 cells with the selective peripheral type benzodiazepine receptor antagonist PK11195 blocked the CBZ-induced elevation in pregnenolone-induced elevation in pregnenolone accumulation. The results suggest that CBZ stimulated pregnenolone biosynthesis in cultured C6 cells involves a direct or indirect interaction with peripheral type benzodiazepine receptors. These effects may provide additional insights into the mechanisms by which CBZ regulates neuronal excitability. Depression 3:267-y (1995/1996). © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc</p>","PeriodicalId":11179,"journal":{"name":"Depression","volume":"3 6","pages":"267-272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/depr.3050030602","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75088094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychodynamic study of suicide attempts in patients with personality disorders","authors":"Salley S. Jessee M.D.,&nbsp;Susan E. Chance M.A.,&nbsp;Barbara D'Orio M.D.,&nbsp;Deborah Edelson M.D.","doi":"10.1002/depr.3050030606","DOIUrl":"10.1002/depr.3050030606","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The objective of this study was to identify similarities and differences in the psychodynamics of patients with personality disorders who make suicide attempts and those who are hospitalized but have never attempted suicide. Twenty patients in each cateogry were interviewed by a psychiatrist, with the interview videotaped. The videotape was used to assess clinical diagnoses and to identify the precipitant for the suicide attempt or hospital admission, the associated effects, and the psychodynamic meaning. No statistically significant between group differences on diagnoses of depressive disorders, substance abuse, severe character pathology, or presence of other DSMIII-R Axis I psychiatric disorders were found. However, significantly more of the suicide attempters experienced acute interpersonal conflict and expressed feelings of hopelessness, whereas the affects of confusion, anxiety, sadness, and guilt unrelated to acute interpersonal conflict were significantly more associated with hospital admission for the controls. Rage toward a perceived abandoning object was an important psychodynamic factor in this group of suicide attempters, particularly in the serious attempters. Four male attempters and three female attempters, all with severe character pathology, made serious suicide attempts. Eleven of the fourteen females made low risk attempts, but an unexpected finding was that five were pregnant. The motivation for these low risk attempts in females was a maladaptive effort to communicate distress, and in the pregnant attempters also an expression of ambivalence about the pregnancy. Results of this study are of relevance in the assessment and treatment of patients with personality disorders in a variety of clinical settings. Depression 3:290–296 (1995/1996). © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</p>","PeriodicalId":11179,"journal":{"name":"Depression","volume":"3 6","pages":"290-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/depr.3050030606","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76340657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double-blind multicenter comparison of fluvoxamine versus sertraline in the treatment of depressed outpatients","authors":"Charles B. Nemeroff M.D., Ph.D.,&nbsp;Philip T. Ninan M.D.,&nbsp;James Ballenger M.D.,&nbsp;R. Bruce Lydiard M.D., Ph.D.,&nbsp;John Feighner M.D.,&nbsp;William M. Patterson M.D.,&nbsp;John H. Greist M.D.","doi":"10.1002/depr.3050030402","DOIUrl":"10.1002/depr.3050030402","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fluvoxamine and sertraline, both selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), were compared in a 5-center, 7-week double-blind study in outpatients with major depression diagnosed by DSM-III-R criteria. Ninety-five patients were titrated from 50 to 150 mg/day offluvoxamine (n = 49) or 50 to 200 mg/day of sertraline (n = 46). The mean dose administered in Weeks 3-1 was 123.8 mg/day for fluvoxamine, and 137.1 mg/day for sertraline. Forty-seven percent (47%) of fluvoxamine-treated patients and 30% of sertraline-treated patients were titrated to the maximum permissible dose. Fluvoxamine and sertraline were similarly effective in ameliorating depression as demonstrated by a mean reduction from baseline in the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) total score of 10.61 ± 7.53 and 10.98 ± 6.08, respectively. Adverse events, mostly mild to moderate in severity, were reported for 93.5% of sertraline patients and 85.7% offluvoxamine patients. The most common events in the sertraline group were insomnia (34.8%), headache (32.6%), diarrhea (23.9%), and ejaculatory difficulty (22.2% of males), and in the fluvoxamine group, nausea (30.6%), headache (26.5%), insomnia (26.5%), and somnolence (24.5%). Significantly more patients reported sexual dysfunction in the sertraline (28%) than in the fluvoxamine (10%) group. An uncharacteristically low dropout rate due to adverse events was observed in the sertraline group (2.2%) compared with the fluvoxamine group (18.4%). The rate of withdrawal due to adverse events in the fluvoxamine group (0–2 patients/center) was comparable to that in the sertraline group (1 patient) for four of the five centers; the fifth center had 4 withdrawals in the fluvoxamine group. The differences in clinical profile of these two SSRIs provide physicians with meaningful choices in antidepressant therapy attuned to individual patient characteristics. Depression 3:163–169 (1995). © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</p>","PeriodicalId":11179,"journal":{"name":"Depression","volume":"3 4","pages":"163-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/depr.3050030402","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80075197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention and early intervention, individual differences as risk factors for the mental health of children. William B. Carey, M.D., and Sean C. McDevitt, Ph.D. eds. Brunner Mazel Inc., New York, 1994. 304 pp., $39.99","authors":"Carmel Foley M.D.","doi":"10.1002/depr.3050030315","DOIUrl":"10.1002/depr.3050030315","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11179,"journal":{"name":"Depression","volume":"3 3","pages":"160-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/depr.3050030315","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83033055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive therapy for depressed adolescents. T.CR. Wilkes, Gayle Belsher, A. John Rush, Ellen Frank & Associates. Guilford Press, New York, 1994, 396 pp","authors":"Robert Dicker MD","doi":"10.1002/depr.3050030409","DOIUrl":"10.1002/depr.3050030409","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11179,"journal":{"name":"Depression","volume":"3 4","pages":"209-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/depr.3050030409","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81829092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased levels of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein and interleukin-6 in refractory depression","authors":"Dr. A. Sluzewska,&nbsp;J. K. Rybakowski,&nbsp;M. Sobieska,&nbsp;E. Bosnians,&nbsp;H. Pollet,&nbsp;K. Wiktorowicz","doi":"10.1002/depr.3050030403","DOIUrl":"10.1002/depr.3050030403","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Plasma concentrations of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) as well as the changes in glycosylation of AGP were measured in 60 patients with major depression hospitalized at the Department of Psychiatry, Medical Academy in Bydgoszcz, and in 20 age- and sex-matched controls. Thirty-four depressed patients met the criteria of refractory depression. Patients with refractory depression (RD) had a longer duration of the illness and the last depressive episode than the responders to antidepressant treatment. RD patients had higher concentrations of AGP, CRP, IL-6, and higher monocyte count as well as the different glycosylation patterns of AGP (higher values of reactivity coefficient, AGP-RC) compared with non RD patients. Depressed patients who exhibited DST non-suppression had significantly higher values of AGP than patients showing suppression on this test. These results may suggest an elevation of acute phase response in refractory depression. Depression 3:170–175 (1995). © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</p>","PeriodicalId":11179,"journal":{"name":"Depression","volume":"3 4","pages":"170-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/depr.3050030403","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83505640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacotherapy and the role of new and classic antidepressants","authors":"Y. Lecrubier M.D.","doi":"10.1002/depr.3050030308","DOIUrl":"10.1002/depr.3050030308","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11179,"journal":{"name":"Depression","volume":"3 3","pages":"134-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/depr.3050030308","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79703169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}