Disease and Diagnosis最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominal Plane Block on Postoperative Pain After Laparotomy Abdominal Surgery","authors":"Ali Akbar Nasiri, Sara Akhavan Salamat, Shahryar Sane","doi":"10.34172/ddj.2023.502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ddj.2023.502","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is used to manage pain in patients undergoing laparotomy abdominal surgery. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ultrasound-guided TAP block on postoperative pain and complications in patients undergoing laparotomy abdominal surgery. Materials and Methods: In this randomized double-blinded prospective clinical trial, 64 patients undergoing laparotomy surgery were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomly divided into two groups with 32 patients in each group. General anesthesia was induced in all patients. At the end of the surgery, a TAP block was performed under ultrasound guidance in the intervention group, and the control group received no intervention. The severity of pain was assessed 2, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours after surgery using visual analogue scale (VAS) criteria. Patients who scored their pain more than 4 on the VAS for pain relief received 25 mg of intravenous (IV) pethidine. Furthermore, potential complications, including nausea, vomiting, and dizziness were assessed and recorded in both groups. Results: Mean pain severity 2, 4, 6, 12, 18, and 18 hours after surgery was significantly lower in the TAP-block group than in the control group (P=0.001). The mean dose of pethidine received in TAP block patients was 28.90±19.16 and 60.93±14.11 in the control group, which showed a significant difference (P=0.001). Moreover, the mean time to the first dose of pethidine in patients in the TAP block group and the control group was 15.36±3.56 and 8.43±4.28 hours after surgery (P=0.001). In addition, the incidence of nausea and vomiting was lower in the TAP group than in the control group. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided TAP block can control post-laparotomy pain and reduce opioid use during hospitalization.","PeriodicalId":11143,"journal":{"name":"Disease and Diagnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135126175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of NKp46-Positive uNK Cells With a Higher Risk of Recurrent Miscarriage and IVF Failure","authors":"Maryam Matouri, Mehri Ghafourian, Ata Ghadiri, Farideh Moramezi","doi":"10.34172/ddj.2023.517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ddj.2023.517","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Uterine natural killer (uNK) cells have a significant impact on pregnancy and related complications. Given the importance of receptors in the activity of uNK cells, the present study aimed to determine the number of uNK cells and NKp46 (one of the most important NK cell-activating receptors) expression in the endometrium of women with recurrent miscarriage (RM) or a history of in vitro fertilization (IVF) failure. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was performed on 48 participants, including 16 healthy controls, 27 cases with RM, and 5 cases with repeated implantation failure (RIF) during the mid-luteal phase according to a standardized diagnostic protocol. All participants were assessed using transvaginal ultrasound to determine embryo survival rate and confirm gestational age. Endometrial specimens were collected and subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining using an anti-human NKp46 antibody expressed by uNK cells. Results: A significantly higher number of cells positive for NKp46 was obtained among two groups of cases versus healthy subjects (patients: 1.46±0.78, controls: 0.82±62, P=0.006), and the number of CD56+cells was significantly higher in patients than in controls (patients: 18.14±7.14, controls: 11.71±6.17, P=0.003). Additionally, there was not a significant difference in the frequency ratio of NKp46+NK cell subset to CD56+uNK cells between the patients (P=0.59) and control healthy group. Conclusion: The increase in the number of uterine NK cells and their cytotoxic activity during implantation and early pregnancy, possibly resulting from an excessive expression of inflammatory cytokines, confirms a significant association between uNK cell activity and a higher risk of RM and RIF. Therefore, immunomodulatory treatments may benefit these patients.","PeriodicalId":11143,"journal":{"name":"Disease and Diagnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135084800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Eight Weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training with L-Cysteine Consumption on CRP and TNF-α in Heart Tissue of Young Rats with Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"Mana Davoudi, Akbar Nouri Habashi, Behrouz Baghaiee","doi":"10.34172/ddj.2023.521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ddj.2023.521","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of 8-weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with L-cysteine consumption on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP) of heart tissue in young rats with type 2 diabetes. Methods: The statistical population of the present study consisted of young (4 months) rats with type 2 diabetes. Ten rats were selected as a healthy group, and 40 rats became diabetic. Diabetic rats were randomly divided into four groups: diabetes control, diabetics with training, diabetics with supplements, and diabetics with training+supplement. Moreover, high-intensity interval exercises were performed 3 days a week for 8 weeks, and 500 micromoles of L-cysteine were administered daily. Results: The training+supplement group had significantly higher TNF-α levels compared to the diabetic control group (P=0.002). The diabetic control group (P=0.001) and training group (P=0.001) had higher TNF-α levels compared to the healthy control. The supplement group had significantly less TNF-α compared to the diabetic control group (P=0.003), while the supplement group (P=0.019) and the training+supplement group (P=0.013) had lower TNF-α levels compared to the training group. Moreover, the training+supplement group had lower CRP levels compared to the diabetic control group (P=0.001), while the diabetic control (P=0.001), exercise (P=0.002), and supplement group (P=0.031) had higher CRP levels compared to the healthy control. Moreover, the training group (P=0.038) and the supplement group (P=0.002) had lower CRP compared to the diabetic control group. Furthermore, the training+supplement group had a lower CRP level compared to the training group (P=0.03). Conclusion: HIIT along with the L-cysteine consumption reduced TNF-α and CRP in the heart tissue of diabetic rats.","PeriodicalId":11143,"journal":{"name":"Disease and Diagnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135084793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Overview of the Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Its Diagnosis, and Management","authors":"Avijit Saha, Shritama Aich, Kheya Mukherjee, Tapas Kumar Sur, Sandip Ghosh, Sanjay Vashisth","doi":"10.34172/ddj.2023.501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ddj.2023.501","url":null,"abstract":"Biochemical anomalies impairing the body’s normal metabolism are referred to as inborn errors of metabolism (IEM). Early diagnosis and management can avert the otherwise harmful situation that may occur due to inborn errors. Generally, their incidence can vary from one case in every 800 to 2500 cases. Thus, understanding the genetic defects behind the clinical presentation of the disease and their early management and treatment is the need of the hour. This review article gives an overall knowledge of the types of IEM, its pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of the disease.","PeriodicalId":11143,"journal":{"name":"Disease and Diagnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135126425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the Aerobic and Resistance Training on Follistatin-Like 1 and Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Muscle Gene Expression in Rats Fed With a High-Fat Diet","authors":"Mostafa Babaeinejad, H. Matinhomaee, H. Fatolahi","doi":"10.34172/ddj.2023.496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ddj.2023.496","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL-1) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) are two myokines that are affected by overweight and have inflammatory and damaging effects. Considering that exercise reduces excess weight, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of aerobic and resistance training on FSTL-1 and LIF muscle gene expression in rats fed with a high-fat diet. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 32 rats were randomly divided into healthy control, obese control, obese+aerobic exercise, and obese+resistance exercise groups. The training was performed for 4 weeks at aerobic moderate intensity (50-65% VO2max). For resistance training, rats were also trained to climb the ladder (height 110 cm, slope 80%, and the distance between the bars of the ladder 2 cm), which is based on the determination of one repetition maximum. A high-fat diet was prepared with 40% fat, 13% protein, and 47% carbohydrates and continued until the rats reached the obesity range. The tissue sample was taken from the gluteus muscle. Results: The expression of FSTL-1 and LIF in the obese control group increased significantly compared to the healthy control group (P=0.044 and P=0.039, respectively). The expression of FSTL-1 and LIF in the resistance training group significantly decreased in comparison to the obese control group (P=0.049 and P=0.046, respectively). There was no significant difference between the aerobic exercise group and the obese control group (P=0.053 and P=0.059, respectively). However, a significant difference was observed between aerobic and resistance training groups in terms of FSTL-1 (P=0.042). Conclusion: Resistance exercise seems to have a greater and better effect on FSTL-1 and LIF in the muscles of obese samples compared to aerobic exercise.","PeriodicalId":11143,"journal":{"name":"Disease and Diagnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139363066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mini-review on the Management of Lifestyle Disorders: Attempting to Keep Indians Healthy for a Bright Future","authors":"Khusi Mathur, Somya Sharma, Md Sadique Hussain","doi":"10.34172/ddj.2023.508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ddj.2023.508","url":null,"abstract":"Lifestyle has historically been linked to the progression of different chronic diseases. The amount of convenience accessible for our use has expanded in the current period of modern technology, communication, and technological devices. Nevertheless, it has also resulted in an upsurge in issues related to emotional and mental wellness. Asthma, coronary heart disease (CHD), diabetes, lung cancer, and other disorders are all classified as lifestyle diseases. This theory contends that illnesses are brought on by an individual’s actions. The transition from an indigenous to a contemporary way of life, with high-fat and high-calorie meals paired with increasing emotional strain, has exacerbated the issue at hand. Obesity, asthma, diabetes, arthritis, hypertension, chronic liver disorders, CHD, metabolic syndrome, depression, and cancer are all on the rise due to alterations to dietary habits and an increasingly unhealthy way of life. According to joint research by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Economic Forum (WEF), India lost around $236.6 billion in 2015 as a result of a sedentary way of life and consumption of unhealthy foods. Unhealthy eating, decreased physical activity, increased cigarette smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, insufficient sleep, and anxiety due to increasing job pressure are all examples of poor lifestyle choices.","PeriodicalId":11143,"journal":{"name":"Disease and Diagnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72772226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Interval Training With Resveratrol on Some Apoptotic Indices of the Heart Tissue of Rats With Diabetes Caused by Streptozotocin","authors":"Hamidreza Negarestani, Masome Nobahar, F. Ahmadi","doi":"10.34172/ddj.2023.498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ddj.2023.498","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Today, diabetes is considered one of the main causes of death so that the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of interval training with resveratrol on some apoptotic indices of the hepatocyte tissue in diabetic male rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental trial, 42 male rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, including diabetic saline, diabetic, healthy, supplement, interval exercise, and resveratrol supplementation+interval exercise (7 mice in each group). The program of interval training groups and resveratrol supplementation+interval training on the treadmill included 3 sessions per week, and each session was 10 sets of 1-minute activity that started with 14 meters per minute and reached 28 meters per minute in the eighth week. BCL2, BAX, and CASPASE-3 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (Zelbio, Germany, Catalog: RK03522, RK03549). Results: CASPASE and BAX -3 levels were higher in diabetic-saline and diabetic groups compared to the other groups (P=0.001). Bcl-2 levels were lower in diabetic-saline and diabetic groups in comparison to other groups (P=0.001). The mean BAX/BCL2 ratio was higher in diabetic-saline and diabetic groups (P=0.001). Interval exercise and resveratrol administration alone or especially resveratrol intervention combined with interval exercise caused a significant decrease in mean CASPASE-3 and BAX concentrations (P=0.001), BAX/BCL2 ratio (P=0.001), while a significant increase in the BCL-2 concentration (P=0.001) in the myocyte tissue. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that exercise could increase BAX and BCL-2. This improvement was greater when combined with resveratrol.","PeriodicalId":11143,"journal":{"name":"Disease and Diagnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82785713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Efficacy of Ozone Therapy and Medical Treatment on Serum Levels of TNF-α and HS-CRP and Improvement of Neurological Symptoms in the Rehabilitation Phase of Patients With Ischemic Stroke","authors":"E. Kouchaki, Mahdi Kheiran, H. Hosseinipour, Seyed Mohammad Sadegh Ahmadi Rashti, Ali Salimi Asl, MohammadHosein Sheybani-Arani, H. Akbari, H. Nikoueinejad","doi":"10.34172/ddj.2023.456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ddj.2023.456","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide; therefore, finding efficient alternative treatments to control the disease and improve patients’ neurological symptoms is of paramount importance. The current study aimed to investigate the efficacy of adding ozone therapy to classic treatment in improving neurological symptoms and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) as well as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (HS-CRP) in the rehabilitation phase of patients with ischemic stroke. Materials and Methods: This interventional study was performed on 72 patients with stroke. Using Random Allocation Software, the participants were divided into two groups: control (medical treatment and physiotherapy, n=36) and intervention (ozone therapy plus medical treatment and physiotherapy, n=36). Ozone therapy was performed by major autohemotherapy using the standard protocol. Disease severity was determined by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and Modified Rankin Scale (MRS) at the beginning and end of the study. TNF-α and HS-CRP serum levels were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This research project was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20200202046342N1). Results: The results of the study showed a significant decrease in the NIHSS score and HS-CRP as well as TNF-ɑ serum levels in the patients receiving both classic and ozone treatments compared to those receiving only classic treatment (P<0.001). Conclusion: According to the study results, ozone therapy combined with medical treatment improved neurological symptoms in the rehabilitation phase of patients with ischemic stroke.","PeriodicalId":11143,"journal":{"name":"Disease and Diagnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83649653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Patients With the Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2 Need Prophylaxis for Bacterial Infections?","authors":"Amin Sadeghi dousari, Seyed Soheil Hosseininasab, Hossein Hosseini Nave, N. Satarzadeh","doi":"10.34172/ddj.2023.492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ddj.2023.492","url":null,"abstract":"In the past years, the world has been involved in a pandemic caused by the disease called coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), a situation that has become a global challenge (1). The clinical presentations of COVID-19 can vary from mild symptoms to severe lung involvement (2, 3). COVID-19 has endangered the lives of many people in all its forms, ranging from the original Wuhan virus to the most recent Omicron variant (4). Recently, the emergence of recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) variants associated with the evasion of antibody responses and increased transmissibility, or both, are of worldwide interest, with several variants found since September 2022. One of the most current is the type Omicron (B.1.1.529), imported from South Africa, which includes subtypes such as 21L or BA.2, which was first highly spread in Denmark, then throughout Europe (5). Various studies have reported that the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 has milder symptoms than other variants, including sore throat, cough, headache, fatigue, and runny nose. The Omicron variant is found to primarily affect the upper airways and induce laryngitis, without olfactory dysfunction (6). It is well known that despite many new and potential antiviral drugs that are capable of inhibiting the replication or attachment of the virus after the sore throat caused by COVID-19, one of the main consequences of disease progression in patients in the later stages of infection is secondary bacterial infections facilitated by the inflammation of the throat. Many infectious diseases that colonize the throat can penetrate the respiratory system and cause severe lung infections in some people. It has been reported that at least one in seven patients with COVID-19 contract a secondary bacterial infection, with 50% of deaths during the pandemic resulting from untreated or untreatable secondary bacterial infections that occur in the lungs in most cases (7). Secondary bacterial infections with pulmonary involvement in people with COVID-19related disorders can be dangerous to many patients around the world (8). On the other hand, prophylaxis in susceptible patients is one of the recommended ways to prevent people from contracting secondary diseases (9). Although COVID-19 is a viral disease, the prescription of various antibiotics occurred for its treatment. Antibiotics have been prescribed by doctors to patients with COVID-19 for three main reasons, the first one was the similarity of the infection of COVID-19 with bacterial pneumonia. The second reason was the lack of detailed treatment guidelines for the management of this disease which led to the overuse of antibiotics, and the third one was the possibility or presence of bacterial co-infections in these patients (10, 11). Physicians play the most important role in improving the health of those suffering from COVID-19 by correctly treating patients during an outbreak. We suggested that physicians start prophylaxis in patients ","PeriodicalId":11143,"journal":{"name":"Disease and Diagnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87741871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of laboratory diagnostic markers in diabetic patients with COVID-19","authors":"Hasan Maredi, Naser Kamyari, Maryam Ban, Khadijeh Kanani, S. Mobarak, E. Radmanesh","doi":"10.34172/ddj.2023.471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ddj.2023.471","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most common chronic metabolic disorder that increases both susceptibility and mortality rates in patients with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We conducted a study on diabetic patients with COVID-19 to investigate the relationship between laboratory indicators and peripheral oxygen saturation (SPO2 ). Methods: In this analytical-cross-sectional study, the required information of diabetic patients with COVID-19 admitted to Taleghani educational hospital in Abadan from March 20, 2020 to March 19, 2021 was obtained by referring to the hospital information system of Abadan University of Medical Sciences and patient files. Results: Two hundred patients were studied, of which 88 (44%) were men and 112 (56%) were women. The mean age of the studied patients was 60.57±14.84. Among all the investigated markers, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum glutamate oxalate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and respiratory rate (RR) were higher than the normal range, while SPO2 was lower than the normal range. Based on the linear regression analysis results, a significant relationship was observed between the decrease in SPO2 of patients with disease outcome, duration of hospitalization in the intensive care unit (P<0.001), RR (P<0.001), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (P=0.02), CRP+3 (P=0.002), platelet (PTT) (P=0.03), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (P=0.002), and LDH (P=0.003). Conclusion: The results showed that some laboratory diagnostic markers were higher than the normal range, while SPO2 was lower than the normal range. Moreover, a significant relationship was found between SPO2 index and disease outcome, duration of hospitalization in intensive care unit (ICU), and some diagnostic markers of the liver, inflammation, and coagulation.","PeriodicalId":11143,"journal":{"name":"Disease and Diagnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78917622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}