MERIT Research Memoranda最新文献_第2页

Globalisation and new realities for multinational enterprise-developing host country interaction 全球化与跨国企业与发展中东道国互动的新现实

MERIT Research Memoranda Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26481/UMAMER.1998011

R. Narula, J. Dunning

引用次数: 14

FDI spillovers, absorptive capacities and human capital development: evidence from Argentina 外国直接投资溢出、吸收能力和人力资本发展:来自阿根廷的证据

MERIT Research Memoranda Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26481/umamer.2003016

R. Narula, A. Marin

引用次数: 146

European universities: relationships among age, dimension and science research quality 欧洲大学:年龄、规模与科研质量的关系

MERIT Research Memoranda Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26481/umamer.1996003

A. Geuna

{"title":"European universities: relationships among age, dimension and science research quality","authors":"A. Geuna","doi":"10.26481/umamer.1996003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26481/umamer.1996003","url":null,"abstract":"This essay examines the expansion and diversification of the European university system in the post-war period. The impact of an enormous dimensional growth and of the rise in society's expectations for economic returns are analyzed. We develop a multivariate cluster analysis to group the data on the total European university population according to dimension and scientific research quality measures. The age of the university was not used as a clustering variable. Four clusters are found, two of them are composed by clearly distinct group of institutions. The first is mainly composed by new (post-war) universities characterized by: a)small dimensions, b) low research output in terms of scientific publications and participations in EU R&D project, and c) low science research quality and low research intensity. The second comprises almost exclusively pre-war universities (in particular medieval institutions) characterized by: a) large dimension, b) high research output, and, compared to the previous cluster, c) higher science research quality. This clustering seems to support the view of a distinction between a small group of dynamic research oriented universities affected by the current changes in the knowledge production process, and a large group of mainly teaching oriented institutions.","PeriodicalId":111252,"journal":{"name":"MERIT Research Memoranda","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124114079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Back from the brink: Microsoft and the strategic use of standards in the Browser Wars 从悬崖边回来:微软和浏览器战争中标准的战略使用

MERIT Research Memoranda Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26481/UMAMER.2000005

P. Windrum

引用次数: 6

Governance of technological change: lessons from the Japanese experience 技术变革的治理:来自日本经验的教训

MERIT Research Memoranda Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26481/umamer.2005031

Masaru Yarime, S. Parto

{"title":"Governance of technological change: lessons from the Japanese experience","authors":"Masaru Yarime, S. Parto","doi":"10.26481/umamer.2005031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26481/umamer.2005031","url":null,"abstract":"The outbreak of the Minamata disease in 1956 started a process of transformation in the Japanese chlor-alkali industry. Since then the industry has undergone two significant technological transformations. The first was from the mercury-based process to the diaphragm process while the second was from the diaphragm process to the ion membrane process. The pressure on the industry to adopt the diaphragm process was not without its problems: the technology produced inferior quality product at higher cost and posed the risk of market share loss for the producers. The attempts by the government and industry to find an economically viable solution resulted in the adoption by the industry of the ion membrane process, a technology that was non-polluting, comparable to the mercury process in terms of costs, and produced high quality product. In this paper we examine the dynamics of this technological transformation to draw out and discuss generalizable implications for environmental policymaking. We elucidate the importance of collective learning and innovation in the policymaking process to address acute and complex socio-economic problems. In particular, we draw attention to the role of the main institutions through which this technological change was governed. JEL Codes: L52, L65, O33, O38","PeriodicalId":111252,"journal":{"name":"MERIT Research Memoranda","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121773870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Impact of technology and demand shocks on structural dynamics: evidence from Austrian manufacturing 技术和需求冲击对结构动力学的影响:来自奥地利制造业的证据

MERIT Research Memoranda Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26481/umamer.2004015

Werner Hölzl, A. Reinstaller

{"title":"The Impact of technology and demand shocks on structural dynamics: evidence from Austrian manufacturing","authors":"Werner Hölzl, A. Reinstaller","doi":"10.26481/umamer.2004015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26481/umamer.2004015","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the link between structural change between and within industries. We analyse the influence of sector specific developments in productivity and demand on net entry and employment in 19 industrial sectors of the Austrian economy. Based on the model of structural dynamics of Pasinetti, we develop an identification scheme that allows us to extract technology and demand shocks, by means of a structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) model with long-run restrictions. We study the patterns of productivity and demand shocks across industries by means of a principal components analysis and find that sectoral and macro-economic developments in demand strongly correlate, while this is not the case for technology shocks. Impulse-response analysis shows that for almost all sectors productivity growth rates experience an immediate increase to positive technology shocks while the hours worked decline as conjectured by Pasinetti. Finally, we use the identified shocks as explanatory variables in time- series cross section regressions on net-entry and employment data. Both types of shocks are able to explain dynamics on the industry level in terms of employment and sales but not firm dynamics.","PeriodicalId":111252,"journal":{"name":"MERIT Research Memoranda","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127558565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Mind the gap : building profitable community based businesses on the Internet 注意差距:在互联网上建立有利可图的基于社区的业务

MERIT Research Memoranda Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26481/umamer.2001013

B. Krieger, Philipp S. Müller

引用次数: 0

When is a Wave a Wave? Long Waves as Empirical and Theoretical Constructs from a Complex Systems Perspective 什么时候波浪是波浪?从复杂系统的角度看作为经验和理论结构的长波

MERIT Research Memoranda Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26481/umamer.2005016

G. Silverberg

{"title":"When is a Wave a Wave? Long Waves as Empirical and Theoretical Constructs from a Complex Systems Perspective","authors":"G. Silverberg","doi":"10.26481/umamer.2005016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26481/umamer.2005016","url":null,"abstract":"While long waves have been seriously discussed by economists for almost one hundred years, to date there is no scientific consensus that particular frequency components are in any way privileged in the undoubtedly fluctuating history of modern economic and political development. This is disappointing for two reasons. First, the demonstration that robust, well-defined periodic components existed would present us with a plausible tool for forecasting. And second, they could (and their purported existence has variously been thought to) provide insight into underlying causal mechanisms that generate the observed patterns. The data, I argue, only provide support for a continuous spectral pattern of a power law, 1/fa. This is borne out in the paper by the analysis of political indicators such as the newly revised Modelski/Thompson sea power index and the Levy great powers conflict data. Claims for underlying low-dimensional chaos are only partly substantiated. Individual peaks at various frequencies in the spectrum are probably only due to “random noise” factors unique to segments of the record and not robust across countries and historical episodes. While one could then play the game of finding ad hoc explanations for why the ‘K-wave’ did not take its expected form in this or that century, from the perspective of the theory of complex dynamics it seems more plausible to conclude that a periodic model is not appropriate. Rather, the underlying model is more likely to be of the self-organized criticality or percolation type, characterized by power-law or fractal behavior rather than well-defined periodicity. I highlight some features common to several models of innovation/ economic dynamics and war/hegemonic cycles, such as highly clustered but nonperiodic critical events and resulting long life cycles of rise and decline, that may serve as a plausible explanatory mechanism for this ‘revisionist’ interpretation of the empirical record on long waves.","PeriodicalId":111252,"journal":{"name":"MERIT Research Memoranda","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134443962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Growth and structural change: trends, patterns and policy options 增长和结构变化:趋势、模式和政策选择

MERIT Research Memoranda Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26481/umamer.2000015

B. Verspagen

引用次数: 26

The effect of core competence building on companies performance 核心能力建设对企业绩效的影响

MERIT Research Memoranda Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26481/UMAMER.1996010

G. Duysters, J. Hagedoorn

引用次数: 9