{"title":"Modular multilevel converters for battery electric vehicles: variable dc voltage control to optimize battery lifetime","authors":"D. De Simone, L. Piegari","doi":"10.1109/CPE-POWERENG48600.2020.9161510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPE-POWERENG48600.2020.9161510","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, battery electric vehicles are spreading and the customer expectation is increasing not only in terms of performances and vehicle range but also in terms of reliability and lifetime of the battery onboard. In recent years, several innovative solutions for the traction drives have been proposed with the aim to increase the efficiency and the performance. Particularly interesting is the solution based on the double star chopper cell converter integrating the battery in the converter modules and implementing also the battery management system functionalities. For this converter, different modulation techniques have been proposed but all of them keeps the dc bus voltage constant implying the use of all the battery modules in any working moment. In this paper, the possibility to reduce the battery usage, and, therefore, their ageing, by controlling the dc bus voltage as function of the vehicle speed is analyzed. The proposed control technique is implemented in a numerical model and the obtained results show the possibility to increase, in a significant way, the battery lifetime with positive effects also on the vehicle range.","PeriodicalId":111104,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 14th International Conference on Compatibility, Power Electronics and Power Engineering (CPE-POWERENG)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130830056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Loncarski, M. Ricco, Vítor Monteiro, V. Monopoli
{"title":"Efficiency Comparison of a dc-dc Interleaved Converter Based on SiC-MOSFET and Si-IGBT Devices for EV Chargers","authors":"J. Loncarski, M. Ricco, Vítor Monteiro, V. Monopoli","doi":"10.1109/CPE-POWERENG48600.2020.9161559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPE-POWERENG48600.2020.9161559","url":null,"abstract":"The charging process is one of the main factors for the widespread dissemination of electric mobility, therefore, the use of optimized power electronics converters is of utmost importance. In addition to innovative topologies, the use of emerging technologies of semiconductors is also crucial. In this context, using a three-phase interleaved dc-dc topology, a comparison between the use of SiC-MOSFET and Si-IGBT is presented in this paper, mainly in terms of operating efficiency. Two cases have been presented: 1) with the same inductor, where only power device losses have been considered; 2) with the same inductor current ripple, where different inductors have been considered and the analysis included also the inductor design and losses. The simulations were carried out in LTspice simulation tool on realistic dynamic models of power switch modules obtained from the manufacturer’s experimental tests. The results validate the use of SiC-MOSFET for the three-phase interleaved dc-dc topology showing lower losses for both the power devices and inductor and, most important, prove the advantages of its use in terms of efficiency for a wide range of operating powers.","PeriodicalId":111104,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 14th International Conference on Compatibility, Power Electronics and Power Engineering (CPE-POWERENG)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128595467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parallel-connected current source rectifiers as the input stage of the off-board EV battery charger","authors":"J. Rąbkowski","doi":"10.1109/CPE-POWERENG48600.2020.9161497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPE-POWERENG48600.2020.9161497","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a study on two parallel threephase current-source rectifiers applied as an input stage of the EV off-board battery charger. This part of the system is expected to operate at grid frequency to avoid switching losses and cooperate with two series-input parallel-output isolated DC-DC converters according to three-level unfolding principles. At first, a reference approach based on three-level voltage-source converter is explained and, then, two control methods of parallel-connected currents rectifiers are presented and illustrated with circuit simulations. Operating conditions of semiconductors are analyzed and compared, including a case study of power losses in a 3x400V/20 kVA EV charger. Finally, thyristor switches are proposed to be applied in both rectifiers in order to reduce on-state losses. This concept is also verified by circuit simulations and, similarly to rectifiers based on RB-IGBTs, enables losses below 1% of nominal power.","PeriodicalId":111104,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 14th International Conference on Compatibility, Power Electronics and Power Engineering (CPE-POWERENG)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125338909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Topologies of High Temperature Machines","authors":"D. Roger, N. Takorabet","doi":"10.1109/CPE-POWERENG48600.2020.9161679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPE-POWERENG48600.2020.9161679","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with machines able to operate in high temperature (HT°) environments. Most of standard machines are made with enameled wires insulated with a thin polymer layer. With the best availiable enameled wires, the organic nature the winding insulation limits the operating temperature to about 280°C at the hottest point. Therefore, standard machines cannot be used in the hot environments of specific applications such as deep drilling in petroleum industry, geothermal equipment or near aircraft turbines. Recent studies show that an inorganic insulation technology, made without any polymer, can push this thermal limit up to 500°C. After presenting an overview of the available HT° insulation technologies, the paper details the possible topologies of HT° machines and their limits.","PeriodicalId":111104,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 14th International Conference on Compatibility, Power Electronics and Power Engineering (CPE-POWERENG)","volume":"8 13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125543546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Rodríguez-Lorente, A. Barrado, A. Lázaro, P. Zumel, M. Sanz
{"title":"Non-inverting Magnetically Coupled Buck-Boost Bidirectional DC-DC Converter","authors":"A. Rodríguez-Lorente, A. Barrado, A. Lázaro, P. Zumel, M. Sanz","doi":"10.1109/CPE-POWERENG48600.2020.9161698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPE-POWERENG48600.2020.9161698","url":null,"abstract":"The Magnetically Coupled Buck-Boost Bidirectional (MCB3) DC-DC converter is described in this paper. The MCB3 converter is a non-isolated DC-DC topology with non-inverting output voltage and buck-boost operation. The disposition of the passive components in the MCB3 converter supports the use of Triple Phase Shift (TPS) modulation, initially intended for the well-known Dual Active Bridge (DAB) converter. TPS modulation allows the MCB3 converter to overall losses minimization for any load and voltage requirement, as in the cases of the DAB converter. Throughout the paper, the derivation of the proposed converter and its operation is shown for the boost mode. The operation possibilities derived from the use of the three control variables of TPS modulation are identified and used to power losses minimization for any input requirement. MCB3 converter feasibility is demonstrated by showing simulation and experimental results for a 460 W prototype, obtaining a maximum efficiency higher than 95%.","PeriodicalId":111104,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 14th International Conference on Compatibility, Power Electronics and Power Engineering (CPE-POWERENG)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115040957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The importance of daily load forecasting for main electric substation in a spot market context","authors":"P. Santos, S. Chemetova, Ana Pires, M. Neves","doi":"10.1109/CPE-POWERENG48600.2020.9161616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPE-POWERENG48600.2020.9161616","url":null,"abstract":"The load forecasting at the main distribution electrical network is a very important tool in the Smart Grids management systems, particularly in spot price environment. Predict the entire load diagram for the next day, is an important auxiliary tool, in order to guarantee the safety of the whole electro producer system and, consequently, to guarantee a better and more efficient grid management. In the actual scenario of market deregulation, the tendency is to maintain closer the production and the consumption. In this scenario, the load forecast with a horizon of 24 hours represents a vital tool for the management of the electric energy systems. The aim of this paper is to establish a different and simple approach of input variables in order to predict the load profile for the next day's load diagram. The present composition gives to the model a good accuracy in several types of distribution substations. The developed methodology was applied in a real case.","PeriodicalId":111104,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 14th International Conference on Compatibility, Power Electronics and Power Engineering (CPE-POWERENG)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134164653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analytical Modelling and Optimization of DAB Converters Considering the Steady-State Behavior and All Degrees of Freedom","authors":"Muhammad Fiaz, S. Calligaro, R. Petrella","doi":"10.1109/CPE-POWERENG48600.2020.9161638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPE-POWERENG48600.2020.9161638","url":null,"abstract":"Bidirectional isolated DC-DC converters are attracting more and more attention because of their versatile application areas. The Dual Active Bridge (DAB) is one of the most promising topologies of this kind, especially in interfaces to batteries. Investigation with different abstraction levels is often needed in these power converters design process, e.g. ideal behavior (steady-state, dynamics), losses analysis, optimization of parameters and control. In this paper, the theoretical steady-state model for Dual Active Bridge DC-DC converters is studied, considering all the possible modulation techniques, i.e. phase-shifts between all legs (all \"degrees of freedom\"). The analytical developments presented, based on the superposition principle, allow to obtain the waveforms of inductor and output current using a simple and fast closed-form procedure. This analytical approach can replace dynamical simulations when only steady-state behavior is to be analyzed, with much faster execution. This allows to apply optimization methods for the selection of the operating point or during the design stage (e.g. for selecting inductance and frequency values). Moreover, the novel fully analytical model describes the output current vs. phase-shifts relationship, which can be exploited for control design or characterization of the converter behavior. Simulations in PLECS Blockset validate the theoretical results.","PeriodicalId":111104,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 14th International Conference on Compatibility, Power Electronics and Power Engineering (CPE-POWERENG)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132992175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Johnson system for short-term wind power forecast error modeling","authors":"Hang Li, Zhe Zhang, Bu-han Zhang","doi":"10.1109/CPE-POWERENG48600.2020.9161696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPE-POWERENG48600.2020.9161696","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the large number of wind power forecast methods being proposed, forecasting errors are inevitable; thus, an accurate description of wind power forecast error (WPFE) is vital and is the focus of this paper. On a short-term forecasting scale, the distribution shape of the WPFE exhibits asymmetric and leptokurtic characteristics; however, common existing WPFE distribution models, such as the normal distribution, Laplace distribution and beta distribution, cannot fully describe the WPFE. This paper proposed the Johnson system to describe the WPFE, as this system has flexible skewness and kurtosis ranges and easy to implement. Based on actual WPFE data, the performance of the Johnson system is compared with those of the common distribution models proposed in the literature, and the results show that the Johnson system can represent the WPFE of all output levels of wind power and forecasting scale well.","PeriodicalId":111104,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 14th International Conference on Compatibility, Power Electronics and Power Engineering (CPE-POWERENG)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124942726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexandre F. M. Correia, L. Ferreira, Paulo Coimbra, A. D. de Almeida
{"title":"Impacts of automated natural ventilation in the temperature and humidity of a distribution transformer room","authors":"Alexandre F. M. Correia, L. Ferreira, Paulo Coimbra, A. D. de Almeida","doi":"10.1109/CPE-POWERENG48600.2020.9161687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPE-POWERENG48600.2020.9161687","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research has shown that it is beneficial in reaching a long power transformer lifespan to be in an environment with thermal stability contrary to a situation where excessive ventilation causes unneeded thermal stress. It has also been widely signaled as a source of malfunctions in power equipment the high values of humidity which create harmful condensation inside distribution stations. Most of the current solutions in the market for controlling the internal ambient conditions focus either on installing forced ventilation or increasing the amount of ventilation through the addition of more ventilation ports. This paper presents a solution to achieve an internal control of temperature and humidity by using only natural ventilation without recurring to either excessive ventilation or an active ventilation system. A prototype of an automated shutter is proposed. This prototype manages the amount of natural ventilation through the opening or closure of the ventilation grills. A working prototype was built and installed in two pilot distribution stations and the control algorithm was successfully simulated. This paper presents the prototype as well as the results of the tests carried out and the following conclusions.","PeriodicalId":111104,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 14th International Conference on Compatibility, Power Electronics and Power Engineering (CPE-POWERENG)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116014952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roya Ahmadiahangar, Amir Baharvandi, A. Rosin, Tobias Häring, E. Azizi, T. Korõtko, Noman Shabbir
{"title":"Energy Storage Expansion Planning In Microgrid","authors":"Roya Ahmadiahangar, Amir Baharvandi, A. Rosin, Tobias Häring, E. Azizi, T. Korõtko, Noman Shabbir","doi":"10.1109/CPE-POWERENG48600.2020.9161502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPE-POWERENG48600.2020.9161502","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, Energy Storage (ES) technologies have a crucial role in the power system. Additionally, increasing loads needs more capacity in the system and accordingly network expansion planning would be required. In this paper two aspects i.e. Microgrid aggregator and Energy Storage (ES) planning are integrated. It goes without saying that installing new ES capacities in the distribution level costs less than constructing new generators so considering ES, energy can be stored during extra production times and used when it is needed such that there is no need to pay for investment cost for new candidate components. Therefore, storing the extra production related to renewable resources is the goal of ES planning in this paper. An ES expansion approach in the presence of Microgrid aggregator is formulized linearly without using any approximation. Moreover, the effect of renewable resources such as wind turbines is considered and the effect of uncertainty related to renewable production in addition to load uncertainty are considered by a new stochastic model.A modified IEEE 6-Bus test system is implemented to illustrate the helpfulness of the presented model.","PeriodicalId":111104,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE 14th International Conference on Compatibility, Power Electronics and Power Engineering (CPE-POWERENG)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130245762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}