Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome最新文献

{"title":"Trajectories, cumulative burden of the dynamic triglyceride glucose-Chinese visceral adiposity index, and risk of incident cardiovascular diseases: a large prospective cohort study.","authors":"Ao Men Lu, Qian Xu, Yun Tao Wu","doi":"10.1186/s13098-026-02221-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-026-02221-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The composite indicator (TyG-CVAI), constructed by combining the triglyceride-glucose index and the Chinese visceral adiposity index, can quantify the combined pathogenic effects of insulin resistance and visceral obesity. However, an in-depth exploration of the long-term longitudinal evolution trajectories, cumulative exposure burden of TyG-CVAI, and its nonlinear association with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) subtypes is still lacking. This study aims to prospectively evaluate the dynamic evolution pattern of TyG-CVAI and its predictive value for incident CVD, stroke, and heart disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on the Kailuan prospective cohort, this study included 32,841 participants without CVD prior to the 2012 baseline. Using data from four repeated measurements between 2006 and 2012, the longitudinal evolution trajectories of TyG-CVAI were identified through the K-means clustering algorithm, and its cumulative exposure burden (cumTyG-CVAI) was calculated. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were utilized to evaluate its association with incident CVD and its subtypes after 2012, and its dose-response relationship and predictive accuracy were assessed using restricted cubic splines (RCS) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up of 6.9 years, a total of 3,212 incident CVD events were recorded. Longitudinal analysis identified three distinct evolutionary trajectories: low, moderate, and high. After fully adjusting for confounding factors, compared with the low trajectory group, the high trajectory group faced the highest risk of incident total CVD (HR 1.837, 95% CI 1.588-2.126), stroke (HR 1.919, 95% CI 1.672-2.203), and heart disease (HR 2.260, 95% CI 1.827-2.796). For each standard deviation (SD) increase in cumulative TyG-CVAI, the risks of the aforementioned outcomes significantly increased by 29.2%-34.1%, respectively. RCS analysis showed that TyG-CVAI was positively and linearly correlated with the risk of stroke, while exhibiting a significant nonlinear threshold effect with the risks of total CVD (cumulative inflection point: 4683.98) and heart disease (cumulative inflection point: 4828.73). ROC analysis confirmed that the cumulative TyG-CVAI (AUC: 0.624-0.655) provided incremental improvements in predictive performance compared with single baseline measurements and traditional single or composite metabolic indices (all P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The dynamic elevation of TyG-CVAI and its long-term cumulative burden are independent predictors of incident CVD, stroke, and heart disease. Compared to single baseline assessments and traditional static indicators, cumulative TyG-CVAI demonstrates improved risk stratification value for cardiovascular risk, highlighting the clinical utility of integrating longitudinal metabolic monitoring into routine cardiovascular screening. Fur","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148359633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of hyperglycemia on admission for acute myocardial infarction in diabetic and non-diabetic patients.","authors":"Reem Alawaji, Mohammed Musslem, Emtenan Alshalahi, Abdulaziz Alanzan, Albaraa Sufyani, Maram Alhati, Alhanouf Almutairi, Mahdi Alqaffas, Batool Alattas, Adhari Alselmi","doi":"10.1186/s13098-026-02224-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-026-02224-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13312505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148344067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative cardiovascular efficacy of antidiabetic therapies in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized trials.","authors":"Donya Mohammadi, Behnam Sadeghirad, Mohammad Aziz Rasouli, Lotfollah Saed, Hamid Reza Baradaran, Yousef Moradi","doi":"10.1186/s13098-026-02226-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-026-02226-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), imposing a substantial burden on healthcare systems. This systematic review and network meta-analysis evaluated the comparative efficacy of antidiabetic medications and combination therapies in reducing cardiovascular outcomes in patients with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed (Medline), Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were searched from inception to December 30, 2024, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing cardiovascular outcomes in adults with T2DM treated with metformin, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), dipeptidyl peptidase‑4 (DPP‑4) inhibitors, glucagon‑like peptide‑1 (GLP‑1) receptor agonists, sodium-glucose cotransporter‑2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, or insulin. Outcomes included cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, heart failure, hospitalization for cardiovascular events, and unstable angina. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool, and analyses were conducted with a random-effects model in Stata (version 18).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 10,514 records, 133 RCTs involving 289,558 participants (mean age: 64.7 years) were included. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) significantly reduced cardiovascular mortality (RR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.75-0.98; high-certainty evidence) and stroke (RR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.74-0.93; high-certainty evidence). SGLT2 inhibitors significantly reduced heart failure (RR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.53-0.77; high-certainty evidence) and hospitalization for cardiovascular events (RR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.68-0.77; high-certainty evidence). An indirect comparison suggested lower cardiovascular mortality with DPP-4 inhibitors versus GLP-1 receptor agonists, although this finding should be interpreted cautiously due to network imbalance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>GLP-1 RAs and SGLT2 inhibitors are associated with significant reductions in specific cardiovascular outcomes in patients with T2DM, particularly in reducing cardiovascular mortality, stroke, heart failure, and hospitalization. Treatment decisions should integrate patient-specific risk profiles and cost-effectiveness to optimize outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13573484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148338160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between perceived stress and metabolic parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Karla Fernanda Garcia-Ravelo, Alexandro J Martagon, Gabriela A Galán-Ramírez, Mario Morales-Esponda, Gabriela Delgado-Magaña, Itzayana Portillo-Martínez, Mateo Farina, Elizabeth Muñoz, Christian Sanchez, Adrian Soto-Mota","doi":"10.1186/s13098-026-02220-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-026-02220-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major global public health problem associated with cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), and increased mortality. Chronic psychological stress has been proposed as a contributor to metabolic dysfunction; however, evidence linking perceived stress to MetS and its individual components remains inconsistent. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) is a widely validated instrument for assessing subjective stress, yet its association with metabolic outcomes has not been systematically synthesised.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The objective of this study was to systematically review the evidence and evaluate the association between perceived stress, measured using the PSS, and metabolic parameters related to MetS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of peer-reviewed literature identified studies assessing perceived stress using the PSS-10 or PSS-14 and reporting metabolic outcomes in adults. Associations between perceived stress and metabolic parameters were examined using random-effects meta-regression models, with stress scores standardised to allow comparability across PSS versions. Outcomes included anthropometric measures, blood pressure, glycaemic markers, lipid profile, and insulin resistance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty studies comprising 12,491 participants were included. Most metabolic parameters, including body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose, and triglycerides, showed no significant association with perceived stress. In contrast, insulin resistance assessed by HOMA-IR was positively associated with perceived stress (β = 0.463, 95% CI: 0.159-0.767). Borderline associations were observed for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol. Although substantial heterogeneity was present across analyses, the HOMA-IR association was exploratory and sensitive to the inclusion of individual studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher perceived stress may be associated with insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) but not with traditional anthropometric, glycaemic, or blood pressure measures; this finding is exploratory and causal inferences cannot be established. These results highlight the potential relevance of psychosocial stress as a contributor to metabolic vulnerability; stress assessment may be considered in preventive and clinical strategies pending higher-certainty evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13573328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148338140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe microvascular disease incidence over a 34-year period among Chinese with newly diagnosed diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance: the Da Qing diabetes outcome study 1986-2020.","authors":"Qier An, Jinping Wang, Zhihai Huang, Xinxin Feng, Xin Qian, Shuhan Zhou, Siyao He, Hui Li, Guangwei Li, Yanyan Chen","doi":"10.1186/s13098-026-02172-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-026-02172-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of severe microvascular disease in adults with newly diagnosed diabetes (NDD), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT) over a 34-year follow-up in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cohort study enrolled 1631 individuals, including 598 NDD, 540 IGT and 493 NGT initially identified in 1986, who were followed until death, loss to follow-up, or December 31, 2020. Severe microvascular disease was defined as a composite outcome of severe retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the 34-year follow-up, 85.18% (460/540) of the IGT population progressed to diabetes, while 34.89% (172/493) of the NGT subjects developed diabetes. By 2020, severe microvascular disease occurred in 65.03% (95% CI: 58.90%-70.48%) of individuals with NDD, 32.90% (95% CI: 28.19%-37.81%) with IGT, and 16.18% (95% CI: 12.64%-20.11%) with NGT. A comparable trend was observed for the cumulative incidence of each individual microvascular complication component across the three groups. The incidence rate per 1000 person-years was 21.7 in the NDD group, which was higher than that in the IGT (9.7) and NGT (4.4) groups. After adjustment for confounders, the risk of severe microvascular disease was 6.3-fold higher in the NDD group (95% CI: 4.65-8.38, P < 0.0001), and 2.2-fold higher in the IGT group (95% CI: 1.58-2.95, P < 0.001) compared with the NGT group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NDD and IGT in Chinese adults were associated with markedly elevated long-term risk of severe microvascular complications. These findings underscore the importance of achieving optimal glycemic control early in the course of diabetes and implementing intensive lifestyle intervention in IGT to slow or prevent progression to diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13563904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148338179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of orforglipron in obesity with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a GRADE-assessed meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Ahmed Emara, Mohamed Emara, Ahmed Mansour, Mostafa H Elkholy, Omar Fayez Abbas, Hamza A Abdul-Hafez, Mohammad Al Diab Al Azzawi, Abdalhakim Shubietah","doi":"10.1186/s13098-026-02218-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-026-02218-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) frequently coexist and markedly increase cardiometabolic risk. Orforglipron is a novel oral glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist developed to improve adherence compared with injectable therapies. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate its efficacy and safety.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science were searched through January 2026 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing orforglipron with placebo in adults with obesity and T2DM. Random-effects models were used to pool mean differences (MDs) and risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three RCTs, including 2,505 participants, were analyzed. Dose-subgroup analyses demonstrated a consistent dose-response pattern across all efficacy outcomes. For body weight, reductions versus placebo ranged from MD - 2.43% at 3 mg to MD - 7.80% at 24 mg. BMI reductions ranged from MD - 0.88 kg/m² at 3 mg to MD - 2.70 kg/m² at 45 mg. Waist circumference reductions were significant at doses ≥ 6 mg, reaching MD - 5.90 cm at 24 mg. HbA1c reductions ranged from MD - 0.80% at 3 mg to MD - 1.67% at 45 mg, and fasting serum glucose reductions ranged from MD - 20.62 mg/dL at 3 mg to MD - 44.80 mg/dL at 45 mg. Treatment discontinuation due to adverse events was higher with orforglipron across doses, while serious adverse events were not significantly different from placebo at any dose.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Orforglipron may improve weight and glycemic outcomes in obese patients with T2DM; however, these findings are based on only three randomized controlled trials, and several key efficacy outcomes were rated as low certainty, so the results should be interpreted cautiously pending larger confirmatory studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13563702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148338133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of the single-point insulin sensitivity estimator (SPISE) index and incident cardiovascular disease in early-stage CKM syndrome: insights from the UK biobank.","authors":"Jie Zou, Zhoujian Han, Yuexin Pan, Zeru Chen, Hongyu Zhong, Rongshuai Pan, Jingquan Zhou, Jie Xiao, Xiaoqian Wu, Mingyan Li","doi":"10.1186/s13098-026-02222-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-026-02222-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Insulin resistance is a core metabolic abnormality driving the progression of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome. However, the gold-standard hyperinsulinemia-euglycemic clamp remains challenging for routine clinical use. The Single-Point Insulin Sensitivity Estimator (SPISE) index, calculated from HDL-C, triglycerides, and BMI without requiring insulin measurement, offers a simple and noninvasive alternative. However, its prognostic value for incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in early-stage CKM syndrome (stages 0-3) has not been established.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study included 391,793 participants from the UK Biobank with CKM stage 0-3. Participants were followed for a median of 7.6 years. Cox proportional hazards regression, and restricted cubic spline regression analyses were employed to examine the association between SPISE and incident CVD and coronary heart disease (CHD), adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and clinical covariates. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were also conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During follow-up, 66,577 participants (17%) with stage 0-3 CKM syndrome experienced incident CVD, including 31,597 cases (8%) of CHD. SPISE demonstrated a significant L-shaped, inverse association with CVD risk, with an inflection point at 5.81 (P for nonlinearity < 0.001).Compared with the lowest tertile, the second and highest tertiles of SPISE were associated with 21% (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.77-0.80) and 31% (HR 0.69, 95% CI 0.67-0.70) lower risk of incident CVD, respectively. The protective association was stronger for CHD, with corresponding HRs of 0.73 (95% CI 0.71-0.75) and 0.54 (95% CI 0.52-0.55). Subgroup analyses revealed more pronounced benefits among younger participants (< 45 years; HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.68-0.74 for CVD) and never/previous smokers (P for interaction < 0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this large population-based study, higher SPISE index was independently and nonlinearly associated with lower risk of incident CVD and CHD in patients with early-stage CKM syndrome. The SPISE index may serve as a practical, cost-effective tool for cardiovascular risk stratification and early prevention in this high-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13560290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148327443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of olanzapine on diabetes related index in humans: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Ridong You, Mohammad Safargar, Kousalya Prabahar, Hamed Kord-Varkaneh, Junyi Xiang","doi":"10.1186/s13098-026-02223-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-026-02223-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Olanzapine is a widely used second-generation antipsychotic with well-established efficacy in the treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and related psychiatric conditions. However, its use has been consistently linked to metabolic adverse effects, particularly disturbances in glucose regulation. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantitatively evaluate the effects of olanzapine on key diabetes-related biomarkers, fasting blood sugar (FBS), fasting insulin, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), in human populations, using evidence derived exclusively from randomized controlled trials (RCTs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase from inception to July 1, 2025, without language or date restrictions. Eligible studies were RCTs involving human participants that compared olanzapine with placebo or no treatment and reported pre- and post-intervention data for FBS, fasting insulin, or HbA1c. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE framework. Pooled effect estimates were calculated as weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using random-effects models. Subgroup, sensitivity, and publication bias analyses were performed to explore heterogeneity and assess result robustness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen RCTs comprising 18 comparison arms were included in the meta-analysis. Olanzapine treatment was associated with a statistically significant increase in FBS (WMD: 2.618 mg/dL; 95% CI: 0.283 to 4.954) and fasting insulin levels (WMD: 3.636 µIU/mL; 95% CI: 1.964 to 5.307). In contrast, no significant change was observed in HbA1c levels (WMD: -0.029%; 95% CI: -0.284 to 0.226). Subgroup analyses suggested larger glycemic changes with higher doses (≥ 10 mg/day), longer treatment durations (≥ 12 weeks), and lower baseline body mass index, although these trends were not consistently statistically significant. Substantial heterogeneity was observed for FBS outcomes, whereas fasting insulin results were highly consistent across studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Olanzapine use is associated with modest but significant elevations in FBS and insulin levels, indicating early disturbances in glucose homeostasis and a potential risk of insulin resistance, while effects on HbA1c remain inconclusive. Clinically, this highlights the need for routine monitoring of glucose and insulin levels, early lifestyle interventions, and consideration of pharmacologic strategies in high-risk patients to prevent progression to diabetes. These findings underscore the importance of proactive metabolic monitoring and individualized risk assessment in patients receiving olanzapine.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13563785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148327387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The hidden needs of patients with diabetes in non-endocrinology departments for blood glucose management: a qualitative study.","authors":"Wenshuai Song, Liping Xie, Huansheng Wang, Jingjing Teng, Xiaohe Ren, Hui Shi","doi":"10.1186/s13098-026-02217-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-026-02217-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with diabetes who are hospitalized in non‑endocrinology departments account for over 90% of all hospitalized patients with diabetes in China, yet their blood glucose management is often suboptimal and overshadowed by their primary diagnoses. The real‑life experiences and unmet needs of this population remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to explore the hidden needs of these patients regarding blood glucose management during hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This descriptive qualitative study adhered to the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR). Using purposive sampling with maximum variation, we recruited 12 adult patients with diabetes from various non‑endocrinology departments (6 males, 6 females; age range 30-81 years; all type 2 except one with pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM)). The interview guide was informed by the COM‑B model (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation). Data were analyzed using inductive qualitative content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four main categories were identified: (1) Conflict between primary diagnosis and diabetes, (2) confusion regarding systematic blood glucose management, (3) barriers to self-management, and (4) the extra burdens. Collectively, these factors constitute hidden needs that remain inadequately identified and addressed within conventional specialty care pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with diabetes in non-endocrinology departments experience profound hidden needs that are intertwined with their primary diagnoses and are routinely overlooked in current specialty focused care. Optimized management strategies must transcend mere blood glucose monitoring and medication adjustments, shifting toward patient-centered integrated care models. This requires systematic attention to response for patients' economic and psychosocial needs, thereby effectively enhancing management outcomes and improving patient experience.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13563769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148327419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of frailty and metabolism with multi-state model in fatty liver disease, diabetes mellitus and all-cause mortality.","authors":"Xiaoyan Wang, Chenxi Jin, Qi Zhong, Xiaomeng Wang, Yining Xu, Meixuan Li, Lu Liu, Hui Huang, Anying Liang, Jing Wang, Xianbo Wu, Linna Li, Mengchen Zou","doi":"10.1186/s13098-026-02201-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13098-026-02201-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Frailty is a global public health issue, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) is also associated with a variety of adverse health outcomes. However, the relationship between the combined effects of these two factors and the occurrence and progression of long-term diseases remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a population-based cohort study involving 165,555 participants from the UK Biobank. We combined frailty status scores with metabolic condition scores to assess the predictive value. Associations were assessed using multi-state model, corrected Cox models, restricted cubic spline, stratified analysis, Kaplan-Meier analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the 12.7-year follow-up period, 3,585 individuals were newly diagnosed with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), among whom 170 developed non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and 699 died from all causes. Compared with Group 1(neither frailty nor MetS), the HR and 95% confidence intervals for Group 4 (both frailty and MetS) was 2.92 (2.45-3.47) for MAFLD, 4.21 (2.23-7.96) for MAFLD→NIDDM, and 1.22 (0.75-2.02) for MAFLD→Death. The Kaplan-Meier analysis further confirmed these findings. Consistent findings regarding the frailty phenotype and MetS had also been observed in the progression of NIDDM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates a positive association between frailty phenotype and MetS in disease onset and progression, and their combined assessment enables a more effective early risk stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":11106,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13543489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148307444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}