Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine最新文献_第7页

Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of community-acquired pneumonia. 社区获得性肺炎诊断和治疗的最新进展。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000001246

Benjamin Edland, Grant W Waterer

引用次数: 0

Pulmonary rehabilitation in adults with asthma. 成人哮喘患者的肺部康复。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000001248

Inga Jarosch, Tessa Schneeberger, Rainer Gloeckl, Andreas Rembert Koczulla

{"title":"Pulmonary rehabilitation in adults with asthma.","authors":"Inga Jarosch, Tessa Schneeberger, Rainer Gloeckl, Andreas Rembert Koczulla","doi":"10.1097/MCP.0000000000001248","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCP.0000000000001248","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Nonpharmacological strategies, including pulmonary rehabilitation (PR), are increasingly recognized as essential components of asthma management, particularly for individuals with persistent symptoms, poor asthma symptom control, or complex disease. This review summarize recent evidence on PR and related behavioural, lifestyle, and digital interventions, and explores emerging models to improve access and long-term effectiveness.Recent findings: Current evidence demonstrate that PR improves asthma control, exercise capacity, quality of life, and several patient-reported outcomes across multiple asthma phenotypes. Benefits extend to those with obesity-associated asthma, elevated airway inflammation, and high psychosocial burden. Early data also suggest reductions in exacerbation frequency and steroid requirements. Nevertheless, PR remains markedly underutilized. Digital self-management interventions show promising, albeit inconsistent effects on asthma control, with adherence being a critical determinant of success. New models combining synchronous (real-time) supervision with modular digital components may address major access barriers and provide scalable support.Summary: Although underutilized in routine care, PR and other structured nonpharmacological strategies offer clinically meaningful benefits for individuals with asthma. Flexible, digitally enabled delivery models aligned with disease complexity may help to expand reach, promote earlier intervention and support sustained behavioural change. Future work should prioritize phenotype-specific effectiveness, long-term outcomes and implementation frameworks.","PeriodicalId":11090,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"220-225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146104250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emerging biologic targets in type 2 and non-type 2 asthma. 2型和非2型哮喘新出现的生物靶点。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-23 DOI: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000001258

Andrea E Davis, Sarah Rhoads, Michael E Wechsler

{"title":"Emerging biologic targets in type 2 and non-type 2 asthma.","authors":"Andrea E Davis, Sarah Rhoads, Michael E Wechsler","doi":"10.1097/MCP.0000000000001258","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCP.0000000000001258","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Severe asthma continues to be a significant cause of global morbidity and mortality despite the dramatic change in landscape of asthma management dramatically over the last two decades, However, there are a variety of novel therapeutic agents under investigation whose goals are to enable patients with severe asthma to achieve remission.Recent findings: New strategies in drug development include an ultra-long-acting mechanism with reduced administration frequency, biologics used in combinations, oral therapies and novel therapeutic targets. These targets include bruton tyrosine kinase, OX-40 ligand, janus kinase, CC-chemokine receptor4 (CCR4), and GATA-3, among others reviewed here.Summary: Many patients have benefited tremendously from the currently available asthma biologics in achieving better symptoms control, improved quality of life, and reduced cumulative dose of systemic steroids. Despite this, most patients are unable to achieve remission, potentially related to shortcomings of these therapies in addressing asthma's heterogeneous pathophysiology. As such, a variety of novel therapeutic mechanisms and targets are being investigated and are discussed in this review.","PeriodicalId":11090,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"210-219"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147282725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GLP-1 receptor agonists in asthma: targeting metabolic-inflammatory crossroads. GLP-1受体激动剂在哮喘中的作用：靶向代谢-炎症十字路口。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000001249

Helen O'Brien, Alessandro N Franciosi, Marcus W Butler

{"title":"GLP-1 receptor agonists in asthma: targeting metabolic-inflammatory crossroads.","authors":"Helen O'Brien, Alessandro N Franciosi, Marcus W Butler","doi":"10.1097/MCP.0000000000001249","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCP.0000000000001249","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The application of GLP-1 receptor agonists as metabolic modulators is one the most exciting and advancing areas in medicine today. Early studies suggest a positive signal in asthma care in both obese and nonobese patients highlighting their multimodal utility across multiple disease phenotypes.Recent findings: Asthmatic patients living with obesity are more likely to experience poor disease control, higher exacerbation rates and poor response to conventional asthma therapies. While weight loss interventions have repeatedly shown benefits in these patients, recent studies demonstrate that modulating insulin resistance may lead to improvement of asthma control, independent of weight. Recent translational/mechanistic/observational studies and meta-analyses provide a basis for pursuing GLP1RAs as putative asthma add-on therapies. This represents a novel area of treatment at the overlap between the inflammatory and metabolic nexus, potentially leading to better outcomes in uncontrolled asthma.Summary: GLP-1RAs are receiving attention as potentially exciting therapies for treatment of asthma patients with comorbid obesity and/or diabetes mellitus; however, the exact mechanisms underpinning their utility in these cohorts are poorly understood. Further randomised controlled and pragmatic trials are needed to define their potential benefits/harms, mechanisms of action and where GLP1RAs might fit into existing treatment pathways for uncontrolled asthma.","PeriodicalId":11090,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"195-202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146149331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Artificial intelligence in quantitative chest imaging analysis for occupational lung disease: appraisal of its current status. 人工智能在职业性肺病定量胸部成像分析中的应用现状评价

IF 2.7 3区医学

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000001240

Narufumi Suganuma, Taro Tamura, Masamitsu Eitoku

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in quantitative chest imaging analysis for occupational lung disease: appraisal of its current status.","authors":"Narufumi Suganuma, Taro Tamura, Masamitsu Eitoku","doi":"10.1097/MCP.0000000000001240","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCP.0000000000001240","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The application of mathematical algorithms for detecting lung abnormalities has been a challenge for decades. Occupational lung diseases, which often present as diffuse abnormalities, are primarily screened and diagnosed using chest radiographs and computed tomography (CT). This article reviews recent algorithmic advancements applied to these diagnostic tasks.Recent findings: Significant progress has been made in artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, particularly with three-dimensional deep learning models based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). For chest radiographs, promising approaches include the \"eTóraxLaboral\" platform for pneumoconiosis detection, CNNs enhanced with dark channel prior-inspired lesion area enhancement, and CNNs paired with CycleGAN. For CT imaging, transformer-based factorized encoders (TBFE), various CNN architectures (often combined with other techniques), and the recently developed Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KANs) for binary classification have shown strong performance. However, both chest radiograph and CT studies commonly rely on the International Labour Organization (ILO) International Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconioses system (ILO/ICRP) for pneumoconiosis as a reference, which may limit AI development for CT in particular.Summary: Recent advancements offer strong promise for computer-assisted diagnosis of pneumoconiosis using chest radiographs and CT scans. The standardization and integration of these technologies - especially with support from international organizations and collaborative studies - will be critical to achieving accurate, implementable screening tools for occupational lung disease.","PeriodicalId":11090,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"142-146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12863620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145721413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Health impacts of cannabis: focus on smoking vs. vaping effects on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. 大麻对健康的影响：重点关注吸烟对呼吸系统和心血管系统的影响。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000001239

Michael Chaiton, Anasua Kundu, Apsara Ali Nathwani

{"title":"Health impacts of cannabis: focus on smoking vs. vaping effects on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems.","authors":"Michael Chaiton, Anasua Kundu, Apsara Ali Nathwani","doi":"10.1097/MCP.0000000000001239","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCP.0000000000001239","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The legalization of recreational and medical cannabis has shifted consumption patterns, with vaping emerging as a common alternative to smoking. This review summarizes recent evidence comparing the respiratory and cardiovascular health effects of these two modes of administration.Recent findings: Vaping reduces exposure to combustion-related toxicants and allows modulation of Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) bioavailability compared to smoking cannabis. However, both modes of consumption produce comparable physiological effects, including acute increases in heart rate and blood pressure, and altered immune responses in lung. There is clear association between THC vaping and e-cigarette or vaping associated lung injury. Vaping is also linked to increased risk of respiratory symptoms. Evidence regarding the long-term risks of vaping cannabis such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, myocardial infarction and stroke remains limited and inconclusive.Summary: While vaping cannabis may mitigate some combustion-related harms compared to smoking, it introduces distinct respiratory and cardiovascular concerns. Evidence on long-term comparative safety remains limited, highlighting the need for longitudinal and experimental studies examining health outcomes across different modes of consumption, devices, temperatures and formulations.","PeriodicalId":11090,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"93-97"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145699950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrated disease management in outpatient chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 门诊慢性阻塞性肺病的综合疾病管理。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000001238

Steven Deas, Aarthi Rao, Deepa Raghavan

{"title":"Integrated disease management in outpatient chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","authors":"Steven Deas, Aarthi Rao, Deepa Raghavan","doi":"10.1097/MCP.0000000000001238","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCP.0000000000001238","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: There is an undisputable knowledge-to-care implementation gap in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) management. Integrated disease management (IDM), a multidisciplinary approach to prevent and manage chronic diseases, has been identified as one potential solution to address this gap. The purpose of this review is to examine the recent evidence base and discuss the nuances of IDM in COPD care.Recent findings: IDM in COPD has been implemented in the real world setting in diverse geospatial contexts in the last 5 years. IDM teams are predominantly embedded in primary care clinics and consist of 2-8 multidisciplinary team members. Interventions delivered by IDM COPD teams have been highly variable, making it difficult to definitively conclude 'how many' and 'which intervention' or 'combination of interventions' is needed to achieve positive clinical outcomes. Health service utilization and patient symptom scores are the common outcomes examined, and IDM COPD teams invariably achieved positive outcomes.Summary: IDM represents a promising approach to the gaps in COPD guideline implementation and may help reduce care fragmentation. IDM teams have been shown to improve clinical outcomes, and also improve patient and provider satisfaction. A strong implementation plan that is theoretically grounded and considers all relevant contextual factors is more likely to result in successful implementation of an effective IDM team.","PeriodicalId":11090,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"98-106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145958945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Artificial intelligence in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: recent advances in imaging and physiological monitoring. 慢性阻塞性肺疾病中的人工智能：成像和生理监测的最新进展。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000001228

Christine Y Zhou, Matthew Restko, Benjamin Freije, Robert M Burkes

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: recent advances in imaging and physiological monitoring.","authors":"Christine Y Zhou, Matthew Restko, Benjamin Freije, Robert M Burkes","doi":"10.1097/MCP.0000000000001228","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCP.0000000000001228","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality, yet significant barriers in its diagnosis and management persist. Artificial intelligence is rapidly emerging as a powerful tool to address these challenges. This review summarizes recent trends in its application to advance the care of patients with COPD, focusing on imaging and physiologic parameters.Recent findings: Recent literature demonstrates significant progress in artificial intelligence enhanced imaging, with deep learning models applied to chest radiographs and computed tomography showing high accuracy in detecting COPD, quantifying disease features, and predicting clinical outcomes including exacerbations and mortality. Machine learning algorithms are improving the interpretation of pulmonary function tests and leveraging novel data streams from cough sounds and wearable smart devices for noninvasive diagnosis, severity assessment, and the prediction of acute exacerbations.Summary: While artificial intelligence holds immense potential to shift COPD care toward a more proactive and personalized model, most applications remain in early developmental stages, with critical challenges including the need for rigorous clinical validation, addressing algorithmic bias, and establishing standardized evaluation metrics.","PeriodicalId":11090,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"136-141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145480955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations for the academic hospitalist: an opportunity to learn and improve care. 慢性阻塞性肺疾病加重的学术医院医生：一个机会，以学习和改善护理。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000001242

Sandra Emily Pruitt, T Ples Spradley, Thaddeus Bartter

{"title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations for the academic hospitalist: an opportunity to learn and improve care.","authors":"Sandra Emily Pruitt, T Ples Spradley, Thaddeus Bartter","doi":"10.1097/MCP.0000000000001242","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCP.0000000000001242","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Hospitalists are at the forefront of managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. While patients may be followed by a pulmonologist outpatient, their care in the hospital is largely managed by internists. Our review addresses critical aspects of COPD care for the patient admitted to the hospital under the care of internal medicine.Recent findings: When patients are hospitalized for COPD, the hospitalist has a critical opportunity to address tobacco cessation, vaccinations, and end-of-life issues. For hospitalists who are in academic medicine, teaching trainees the important mimickers of COPD exacerbations and how to establish the diagnosis are critical for their training. While these patients are hospitalized, ensuring adequate sleep and avoiding unnecessary night-time nebulizer use allows for patient recovery and wellbeing.Summary: COPD exacerbations represent an opportunity for hospitalists to provide high-quality, comprehensive care for the patient and invaluable teaching for the trainee.","PeriodicalId":11090,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"115-120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145849141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strategies to decrease exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: can they impact disease progression? 减少慢性阻塞性肺疾病恶化的策略：它们能影响疾病进展吗？

IF 2.7 3区医学

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-29 DOI: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000001231

Umur Hatipoğlu

{"title":"Strategies to decrease exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: can they impact disease progression?","authors":"Umur Hatipoğlu","doi":"10.1097/MCP.0000000000001231","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MCP.0000000000001231","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Preventing disease progression is a key element of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) management. COPD exacerbations are adverse events that can result in a decline of lung function that can persevere. Therefore, reducing exacerbation frequency has the potential to affect disease progression and improve health status of COPD patients. This narrative review explores monitoring for disease progression in COPD and its potential association with COPD exacerbations.Recent findings: Pharmacotherapy can slow down disease progression, but the effect is mediated only in part by reducing exacerbations. While disease progression is continuous, patients with established airflow obstruction in early stages appear more vulnerable to faster declines in lung function. Longitudinal monitoring of lung function and structure is necessary to identify patients with disease progression.Summary: Pharmacotherapy is an effective option for preventing disease progression. A holistic approach including longitudinal pulmonary function testing, clinical symptoms and imaging may be necessary to detect disease progression for early intervention.","PeriodicalId":11090,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"107-114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145399967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0