Current opinion in virology最新文献_第2页

A novel antiviral strategy by disrupting the equilibrium of virus-host calcium homeostasis 一种通过破坏病毒-宿主钙稳态平衡的新型抗病毒策略

IF 5.1 2区医学

Current opinion in virology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101497

Erwan Brémaud, Belinda L Spillings, Johnson Mak

{"title":"A novel antiviral strategy by disrupting the equilibrium of virus-host calcium homeostasis","authors":"Erwan Brémaud, Belinda L Spillings, Johnson Mak","doi":"10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Calcium (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) homeostasis is essential for cellular signaling and protein trafficking. Viruses are comparatively simple organisms that leverage the availability of host cellular mechanisms for viral replication, including the manipulation of cellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> dynamics-related processes.</div><div>We review the dependence of HIV on cellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> to promote viral replication, including stabilization of viral protein complexes in clinically latent HIV infected cells. We also discuss some of the general reliance of cellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> homeostasis on viral propagation across several viruses. We discuss viral manipulations of cellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> regulation for viral replication, specifically for viral assembly, complex stability, and disassembly. We close with an exploration of therapeutic opportunities via Ca<sup>2+</sup> homeostasis disruption to mediate dysregulation of viral complex formation for viral peptide antigen presentation. Thereby, we aim to unlock a novel strategy to achieve an antiviral effect by modulating host-cell regulatory processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11082,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in virology","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 101497"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145479115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Virological and immunological determinants of hepatitis E virus infection outcomes 戊型肝炎病毒感染结果的病毒学和免疫学决定因素。

IF 5.1 2区医学

Current opinion in virology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101491

Xinjia Wang , Lu Bian , Eun Hee Ha , Lei Wang , Kyle O’Shaughnessy , Yifei Zheng , Zhuoying Feng , Wei Bo Chen , Xianfang Wu

引用次数: 0

Multiple roles of the matrix protein Z in arenavirus infection — a structural perspective 基质蛋白Z在沙粒病毒感染中的多重作用——一个结构视角

IF 5.1 2区医学

Current opinion in virology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101493

Annika Rammelt , Saskia Johanns , Lennart Sänger , Gabriele Diana , Maria Rosenthal

引用次数: 0

New directions in the multifunctionality of RNA viruses: insights from the rabies virus P-protein RNA病毒多功能性研究的新方向：来自狂犬病病毒p蛋白的见解。

IF 5.1 2区医学

Current opinion in virology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101496

Hudson A Smith , Shatabdi Chakraborty , Paul R Gooley , Gregory W Moseley , Stephen M Rawlinson

{"title":"New directions in the multifunctionality of RNA viruses: insights from the rabies virus P-protein","authors":"Hudson A Smith , Shatabdi Chakraborty , Paul R Gooley , Gregory W Moseley , Stephen M Rawlinson","doi":"10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>RNA viruses have compact genomes that typically encode only a few proteins, but these viruses orchestrate complex replication cycles while concurrently exercising control over multiple aspects of the biology of the infected host cell, including the evasion of antiviral responses. Central to this functional diversity is the evolution of multifunctional proteins, which integrate diverse roles in replication and host subversion through structural, regulatory, and spatial versatility. The rabies virus P-protein exemplifies these principles. In addition to serving as an essential cofactor and chaperone in viral transcription and replication, the P-protein also antagonizes type I interferon responses, modulates intranuclear processes, and targets multiple host membrane-less organelles via liquid–liquid phase separation. These diverse functions are mediated by a combination of mechanisms, including expression as multiple isoforms, modular domain architecture, intrinsic disorder, dynamic subcellular trafficking, post-translational modifications, conformational plasticity, and RNA binding. In this review, we discuss established and recently emerging mechanisms underlying P-protein multifunctionality, which is likely to provide a model for understanding the multifunctionality of other viral, and likely cellular proteins. We also highlight how similar strategies are employed across RNA viruses to overcome genomic constraints, and discuss how these mechanisms may represent promising targets for future antiviral interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11082,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in virology","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101496"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145408437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nexus of virus and brain: recent advances in flavivirus and enterovirus neuro-infection 病毒与大脑的联系：黄病毒和肠病毒神经感染的最新进展

IF 5.1 2区医学

Current opinion in virology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101487

Cheryl Yi-Pin Lee , Fok-Moon Lum

{"title":"Nexus of virus and brain: recent advances in flavivirus and enterovirus neuro-infection","authors":"Cheryl Yi-Pin Lee , Fok-Moon Lum","doi":"10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global prevalence of neurotropic viruses is increasing annually, with no effective treatments available. Viral entry into the brain involves a complex interplay of host and viral factors, such as tight junction complexes, immune regulators, and viral protein polymorphisms. After establishing an infection in the brain, neurotropic viruses can trigger immune cell activation, robust inflammatory responses, and synaptic disruption, contributing to both acute and chronic neuropathology, including accelerated neuronal ageing and neurodegeneration. A wealth of studies has focused on the molecular mechanisms underlying the neurovirulence and neuropathogenesis of clinically relevant neurotropic RNA viruses, revealing critical insights into their interactions with host cells and immune response. However, despite such advances, a disparity in knowledge on how these viruses enter the brain remains. In this review, significant progress within the last 2 years, as well as research niche and challenges in unravelling the neuropenetrance of clinically relevant neurotropic flaviviruses and enteroviruses in causing neuro-associated pathology will be discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11082,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in virology","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101487"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intracranial calcifications in congenital viral infections: mechanisms and cellular roles 先天性病毒感染的颅内钙化：机制和细胞作用

IF 5.1 2区医学

Current opinion in virology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101479

Michael Fraczek , Haley Breckenridge , Ivonne Melano , Elisabeth Squillacioti , Karin Nielsen-Saines , Violette Recinos , Weiqiang Chen

{"title":"Intracranial calcifications in congenital viral infections: mechanisms and cellular roles","authors":"Michael Fraczek , Haley Breckenridge , Ivonne Melano , Elisabeth Squillacioti , Karin Nielsen-Saines , Violette Recinos , Weiqiang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intracranial calcifications (ICCs) are a characteristic neuropathological feature of several congenital viral infections, including Zika virus (ZIKV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). These lesions are linked to severe neurodevelopmental outcomes, such as microcephaly, epilepsy, and cognitive deficits, yet the mechanisms underlying their formation and resolution remain unclear. ICCs are thought to arise from an imbalance in osteogenic and osteolytic signaling in the developing brain. Recent work implicates pericytes as key targets of ZIKV, capable of osteogenic reprogramming and direct mineral deposition. However, the pathways leading to calcification in CMV and LCMV infections are less well understood. Microglia, the brain’s resident immune cells, have emerged as potential regulators of calcification. While microglia can limit mineral deposition in noninfectious models of neurodegeneration and injury, their role in the context of congenital viral infection remains speculative. Whether they act to contain calcification, participate in its resolution, or contribute to pathogenesis via neuroinflammatory signaling is still unknown. This short review summarizes current knowledge of ICC pathogenesis during congenital ZIKV, CMV, and LCMV infections, with a focus on emerging potential cellular mediators, such as pericytes and microglia. We discuss known mechanisms, gaps in knowledge, and opportunities to build more representative animal models to elucidate how different viral infections orchestrate calcification in the fetal brain. Clarifying these pathways may inform future therapeutic approaches to mitigate virus-induced neurodevelopmental disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11082,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in virology","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101479"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145004665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus NSs: a multifaceted viral protein in host–virus interactions 发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒NSs：宿主-病毒相互作用中的多面病毒蛋白。

IF 5.1 2区医学

Current opinion in virology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101495

Kabita Adhikari, Younho Choi

{"title":"Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus NSs: a multifaceted viral protein in host–virus interactions","authors":"Kabita Adhikari, Younho Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a highly lethal tick-borne bunyavirus, and its nonstructural protein NSs is the engine driving viral pathogenesis. Far beyond a simple accessory protein, NSs acts as a master manipulator of the host: it shuts down interferon defenses, rewires inflammatory signaling, and creates an immunosuppressive environment that favors viral survival. At the same time, NSs reshapes cellular physiology by halting the cell cycle, reprogramming stress and antioxidant pathways, dismantling antiviral granules, and hijacking metabolic organelles such as lipid droplets and autophagosomes to build replication-permissive niches. Remarkably, NSs also functions as a cross-kingdom suppressor of RNA interference, disarming antiviral defenses in both mammalian hosts and tick vectors to ensure efficient replication and transmission. This convergence of immune evasion, cellular reprogramming, and vector adaptation underscores NSs as the central determinant of SFTSV virulence and a striking example of how a single viral protein can orchestrate complex host–pathogen interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11082,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in virology","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101495"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145291568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Status of advanced respiratory syncytial virus antiviral therapeutics 2025 晚期呼吸道合胞病毒抗病毒治疗的现状2025

IF 5.1 2区医学

Current opinion in virology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101477

Claire E Ruckel, Josef D Wolf, Richard K Plemper

{"title":"Status of advanced respiratory syncytial virus antiviral therapeutics 2025","authors":"Claire E Ruckel, Josef D Wolf, Richard K Plemper","doi":"10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes major morbidity and mortality in vulnerable populations. In infants, RSV infection is a leading cause of hospitalization and can result to severe respiratory complications marked by bronchiolitis and viral pneumonia. Currently, prophylaxis exists in the form of three licensed vaccines, all approved for adults aged >65 years or pregnant women, but no vaccination is available specifically for infants. Prophylactic monoclonal antibody treatments, palivizumab and nirsevimab, are recommended in some instances for newborns, but treatment cost and need for intravenous administration limit universal accessibility. The only antiviral approved for the RSV indication, ribavirin, is no longer recommended for clinical use, creating an urgent need for a novel generation of effective therapeutics. Extensive anti-RSV drug discovery efforts have long been dominated by viral entry inhibitors that emerged as pharmacodominant in automated drug discovery campaigns, yet more recently developed candidates have expanded the target range to the viral polymerase complex and nucleoprotein. Focusing on advanced therapeutic candidates and investigational drugs that have entered clinical trials, this review will discuss challenges in RSV drug development in perspective of recent breakthroughs in RSV prophylaxis, assess the current stage of RSV therapeutic candidates, and identify key requirements for future improved RSV disease management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11082,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in virology","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101477"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144885770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Dengue NS1 epitope landscape: a blueprint for next-generation vaccines and therapeutics 登革热NS1表位景观：下一代疫苗和疗法的蓝图。

IF 5.1 2区医学

Current opinion in virology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101488

Romchat Kraivong , Sararat Hattakam , Somchai Thiemmeca , Panisadee Avirutnan

引用次数: 0

Intercellular highways of viral spread: tunneling nanotubes and extracellular vesicles at the maternal–fetal interface 病毒传播的细胞间高速公路：母胎界面的隧道纳米管和细胞外囊泡。

IF 5.1 2区医学

Current opinion in virology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101490

Long B Tran , Rafael T Michita , Deepak Kumar , Indira U Mysorekar

引用次数: 0