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Transmission patterns of hepatitis E virus
IF 5.7 2区 医学
Current opinion in virology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101451
Jil A Haase , Sarah Schlienkamp , Julian J Ring , Eike Steinmann
{"title":"Transmission patterns of hepatitis E virus","authors":"Jil A Haase ,&nbsp;Sarah Schlienkamp ,&nbsp;Julian J Ring ,&nbsp;Eike Steinmann","doi":"10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101451","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes sporadic cases in industrialized countries and endemic outbreaks in areas with lower sanitation standards. The wide host reservoir of HEV makes it a potential source of new zoonotic transmission and dissemination in humans. Thus, the perception of HEV as a confined ailment has shifted to one of global concern. Considering HEV’s environmental stability and heterogeneity in the host range of HEV’s genotypes, various transmission pathways and sources for HEV infections are plausible. Here, we provide an overview on HEV’s transmission routes and discuss the role of HEV as a foodborne zoonosis, as well as preventive measures and open research questions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11082,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in virology","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 101451"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Epstein–Barr virus lytic replication and cancer 爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒裂解复制与癌症
IF 5.7 2区 医学
Current opinion in virology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101438
Hao Li , Chih-Ying Lee , Henri-Jacques Delecluse
{"title":"Epstein–Barr virus lytic replication and cancer","authors":"Hao Li ,&nbsp;Chih-Ying Lee ,&nbsp;Henri-Jacques Delecluse","doi":"10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epidemiological studies have provided strong evidence that Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) lytic replication is linked to cancer development. Evidence of abortive lytic replication in some tumors and infections with recombinant viruses incapable of lytic replication in animal models have reinforced this view. Furthermore, multiple lytic proteins have been shown to induce genetic instability, a well-characterized precancerous state. In particular, lytic proteins dysregulated the DNA damage response, interfered with cell cycle progression, and induced the development of structural genetic abnormalities. However, there is so far no direct evidence from <em>in vivo</em> or <em>in vitro</em> studies that lytic replication alone can induce cancer. Here, we critically review the currently available evidence that EBV lytic replication contributes to cancer development and suggest future research directions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11082,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in virology","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 101438"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
In vitro modeling of influenza infection in the respiratory epithelium: advanced cellular models to better understand complex host–virus interactions
IF 5.7 2区 医学
Current opinion in virology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101452
Aurélien Gibeaud, Andrés Pizzorno, Olivier Terrier
{"title":"In vitro modeling of influenza infection in the respiratory epithelium: advanced cellular models to better understand complex host–virus interactions","authors":"Aurélien Gibeaud,&nbsp;Andrés Pizzorno,&nbsp;Olivier Terrier","doi":"10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Influenza viruses pose significant global health threats, causing widespread morbidity and mortality due to their genetic variability and rapid evolution. Traditional experimental models, such as immortalized cell lines and animal models, often fall short of accurately replicating the complex interactions between influenza viruses and the human immune system. Recent advancements, including reconstituted human airway epithelia, lung-on-a-chip models, and human airway organoids, provide more accurate representations of human respiratory physiology and immune responses. These alternatives enable in-depth investigations into viral propagation, host immune responses, and tissue damage. While each model has its unique advantages and limitations, integrating them could offer a more comprehensive understanding of influenza pathogenesis. This knowledge can drive the development and evaluation of more effective vaccines and therapeutic interventions, enhancing preparedness for future influenza outbreaks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11082,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in virology","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 101452"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Human brain tissue cultures: a unique ex vivo model to unravel the pathogenesis of neurotropic arboviruses
IF 5.7 2区 医学
Current opinion in virology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101453
Glaucia M Almeida , Bruna M Silva , Eurico Arruda , Adriano Sebollela
{"title":"Human brain tissue cultures: a unique ex vivo model to unravel the pathogenesis of neurotropic arboviruses","authors":"Glaucia M Almeida ,&nbsp;Bruna M Silva ,&nbsp;Eurico Arruda ,&nbsp;Adriano Sebollela","doi":"10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Arboviruses are transmitted by arthropods, and their spread from endemic to nonendemic regions has been accelerated by deforestation, climate change, and global mobility. Arbovirus infection in human results in symptoms ranging from mild to life-threatening, with the impairment of central nervous system functions being reported in severe cases. Despite its clinical relevance, the mechanisms by which arboviruses led to neural dysfunction are still poorly understood. The lack of a widespread human central nervous system model to study the virus–host interaction challenges the advance of our knowledge on these mechanisms. In this context, human brain-derived <em>ex vivo</em> models have the advantage of preserving cellular diversity, cell connections, and tissue cytoarchitecture found in human brain, raising them as a powerful strategy to elucidate the cellular-molecular alterations underlying brain diseases. Here, we review recent advances in the field of neurotropic arboviruses obtained using <em>ex vivo</em> human brain tissue as the experimental model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11082,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in virology","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 101453"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Host–pathogen interactions of emerging zoonotic viruses: bats, humans and filoviruses 新出现的人畜共患病病毒的宿主-病原体相互作用：蝙蝠、人类和丝状病毒。
IF 5.7 2区 医学
Current opinion in virology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101436
Grace Hood, Miles Carroll
{"title":"Host–pathogen interactions of emerging zoonotic viruses: bats, humans and filoviruses","authors":"Grace Hood,&nbsp;Miles Carroll","doi":"10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper provides an overview of the phenomena of cross-species transmission of viruses (known as spillover), focusing on the highly pathogenic filovirus family and their natural reservoir: bats. It also describes the host–pathogen relationship of viruses and their reservoirs, in addition to humans, and discusses current theories of persistent infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11082,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in virology","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 101436"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Blood virome research in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: challenges and opportunities 肌痛性脑脊髓炎/慢性疲劳综合征的血液病毒组研究：挑战与机遇。
IF 5.7 2区 医学
Current opinion in virology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101437
Dominic Obraitis , Dawei Li
{"title":"Blood virome research in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: challenges and opportunities","authors":"Dominic Obraitis ,&nbsp;Dawei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating disease with a complex clinical presentation and an unknown etiology. Various viral infections have been proposed as potential triggers of ME/CFS onset, but no specific pathogen has been identified in all cases of postinfectious ME/CFS. The symptomatology of the postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2, or long COVID, mirrors that of ME/CFS, with nearly half of long COVID patients meeting ME/CFS diagnostic criteria. The influx of newly diagnosed patients has reinvigorated interest in ME/CFS pathogenesis research, with an emphasis on viral triggers. This review summarizes the current understanding of ME/CFS research on viral triggers, including blood virome screening studies. To further elucidate the molecular basis of ME/CFS, there is a need to develop innovative bioinformatics tools capable of analyzing complex virome data and integrating multiomics information.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11082,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in virology","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 101437"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advancing zoonotic respiratory virus research through the use of organoids 通过使用有机体推进人畜共患呼吸道病毒研究。
IF 5.7 2区 医学
Current opinion in virology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101435
Meaghan Flagg, Emmie de Wit
{"title":"Advancing zoonotic respiratory virus research through the use of organoids","authors":"Meaghan Flagg,&nbsp;Emmie de Wit","doi":"10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zoonotic viruses with the ability to replicate in the human respiratory tract pose a threat to public health. Organoids, which are highly representative, multicellular models representing specific organs or tissues, can aid in our understanding of the pathogenesis, pathogenicity, transmissibility, and reservoir circulation dynamics of zoonotic viruses. Organoid studies can facilitate the rapid selection of antiviral therapies identification of potential reservoir species and intermediate hosts, and inform the selection of suitable laboratory animal models. We review the use of human- and animal-derived organoid models from multiple organs to investigate the threat of emerging zoonotic viruses that cause respiratory disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11082,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in virology","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 101435"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142460127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modeling zoonotic and vector-borne viruses 人畜共患病和病媒传播病毒建模。
IF 5.7 2区 医学
Current opinion in virology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101428
Seth D Judson , David W Dowdy
{"title":"Modeling zoonotic and vector-borne viruses","authors":"Seth D Judson ,&nbsp;David W Dowdy","doi":"10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The 2013–2016 Ebola virus disease epidemic and the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic galvanized tremendous growth in models for emerging zoonotic and vector-borne viruses. Therefore, we have reviewed the main goals and methods of models to guide scientists and decision-makers. The elements of models for emerging viruses vary across spectrums: from understanding the past to forecasting the future, using data across space and time, and using statistical versus mechanistic methods. Hybrid/ensemble models and artificial intelligence offer new opportunities for modeling. Despite this progress, challenges remain in translating models into actionable decisions, particularly in areas at highest risk for viral disease outbreaks. To address this issue, we must identify gaps in models for specific viruses, strengthen validation, and involve policymakers in model development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11082,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in virology","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 101428"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141757707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Koala retrovirus and neoplasia: correlation and underlying mechanisms 考拉逆转录病毒和肿瘤：相关性和潜在机制。
IF 5.7 2区 医学
Current opinion in virology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101427
Rachael Tarlinton , Alex D Greenwood
{"title":"Koala retrovirus and neoplasia: correlation and underlying mechanisms","authors":"Rachael Tarlinton ,&nbsp;Alex D Greenwood","doi":"10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The koala retrovirus, KoRV, is one of the few models for understanding the health consequences of retroviral colonization of the germline. Such colonization events transition exogenous infectious retroviruses to Mendelian traits or endogenous retroviruses (ERVs). KoRV is currently in a transitional state from exogenous retrovirus to ERV, which in koalas (<em>Phascolarctos cinereus</em>) has been associated with strongly elevated levels of neoplasia. In this review, we describe what is currently known about the associations and underlying mechanisms of KoRV-induced neoplasia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11082,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in virology","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 101427"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879625724000415/pdfft?md5=bba961f7634963ba70a265cff18eb273&pid=1-s2.0-S1879625724000415-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141757706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Oncogenic Animal Herpesviruses 致癌动物疱疹病毒。
IF 5.7 2区 医学
Current opinion in virology Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101424
Hafiz S Zafar, Haji Akbar, Huai Xu, Nagendraprabhu Ponnuraj, Kathrine Van Etten, Keith W Jarosinski
{"title":"Oncogenic Animal Herpesviruses","authors":"Hafiz S Zafar,&nbsp;Haji Akbar,&nbsp;Huai Xu,&nbsp;Nagendraprabhu Ponnuraj,&nbsp;Kathrine Van Etten,&nbsp;Keith W Jarosinski","doi":"10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Oncogenic viruses play a pivotal role in oncology due to their unique role in unraveling the complexities of cancer development. Understanding the role viruses play in specific cancers is important to provide basic insights into the transformation process, which will help identify potential cellular targets for treatment. This review discusses the diverse role of animal herpesviruses in initiating and promoting various forms of cancer. We will summarize the mechanisms that underlie the development of animal herpesvirus-induced cancer that may provide a basis for developing potential therapeutic interventions or preventative strategies in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11082,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in virology","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 101424"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879625724000385/pdfft?md5=460ef9b7ee0a9c7441f319bf9e3deda3&pid=1-s2.0-S1879625724000385-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141562917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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