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Effect of chronic excess of tumour necrosis factor-alpha on contractile proteins in rat skeletal muscle. 肿瘤坏死因子- α慢性过量对大鼠骨骼肌收缩蛋白的影响。
Cytobios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
I R Cheema, C Hermann, S Postell, P Barnes
{"title":"Effect of chronic excess of tumour necrosis factor-alpha on contractile proteins in rat skeletal muscle.","authors":"I R Cheema,&nbsp;C Hermann,&nbsp;S Postell,&nbsp;P Barnes","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of chronic tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) treatment on the synthesis of specific myofibrillar proteins such as heavy chain myosin, light chain myosin and G-actin in rat diaphragm were evaluated. Muscles (diaphragm) from control and experimental groups (TNF-alpha i.v. at 50 microg/kg body wt for 5 days) were incubated in the presence of 35S-methionine for 2 h. Myofibrillar protein extracts were prepared and protein was electrophoresed on sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gels. Heavy chain myosin, light chain myosin and G-actin were identified by Western blot analysis using specific monoclonal antibodies. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) followed by Western blot analysis revealed two types of heavy chain myosin (206 and 212 kD), all four types of light chain myosin (15, 16.5, 18 and 20 kD) and a single type of G-actin (42 kD). Chronic TNF-alpha treatment produced a significant decline in the synthesis of all types of myofibrillar proteins, namely heavy chain myosin, light chain myosin and G-actin. TNF-alpha impaired peptide-chain initiation in diaphragm muscle which was reversed by the branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) therapy of TNF-alpha treated rats. These findings indicate a significant role for TNF-alpha in the translational regulation of protein synthesis in skeletal muscle.</p>","PeriodicalId":11078,"journal":{"name":"Cytobios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21911726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chromosome evolution involving Robertsonian rearrangements in Xyrichthys fish (Labridae, Perciformes). 包含Robertsonian重排的Xyrichthys鱼的染色体进化(唇形科)。
Cytobios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
K Ueno, A Takai
{"title":"Chromosome evolution involving Robertsonian rearrangements in Xyrichthys fish (Labridae, Perciformes).","authors":"K Ueno,&nbsp;A Takai","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three Xyrichthys fish (Labridae, Perciformes), X. pavo, X. dea, and X. twistii, were cytogenetically studied. X. pavo and X. dea had 2n = 44 chromosomes, which were all acrocentric. X. twistii had 2n = 22 chromosomes consisting of eighteen meta- and submetacentric and four acrocentric chromosomes. The cellular DNA contents of X. pavo and X. twistii measured using flow cytometry were nearly equal. These results suggest that the karyotype of X. twistii evolved by decreasing the number of chromosomes by fusion events, probably Robertsonian fusion. Cytogenetic relationships among the three species were surmized on the basis of features on the karyotypes and the NOR locations. A large gap in the chromosome number between 2n = 44 and 2n = 22 is an interesting feature related to the process of chromosome evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":11078,"journal":{"name":"Cytobios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21862264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The sequestration of hydroxyl ions by CO2 in liquid water: the physiological implications and the second function of carbonic anhydrase. 液态水中CO2对羟基离子的固存:碳酸酐酶的生理意义和第二功能。
Cytobios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
W F Widdas, G F Baker
{"title":"The sequestration of hydroxyl ions by CO2 in liquid water: the physiological implications and the second function of carbonic anhydrase.","authors":"W F Widdas,&nbsp;G F Baker","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pH changes due to bubbling CO2 through water produced anomalies which were more readily explained by an hypothesis based on electrostatic attractions between the molecules. The present studies have suggested that an hexagonal array of six carbon dioxide molecules could bind and sequester a hydroxyl anion. The binding energy of the complex is estimated to be comparable with that of a covalent compound and its dissociation may only occur at the water interface with air or at the water/hydrophobic protein interface in a protein cleft. The physiological importance lies in the consequential release of an equal number of free hydrogen ions (H3O+) and the disruption of the normal action of buffer systems in regulating the cytoplasmic pH. The counteraction of this sequestration reaction and the acid-base disturbances which result, form the second important function of carbonic anhydrase isoforms, the mechanisms of which are briefly discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":11078,"journal":{"name":"Cytobios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21862267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Extracellular matrix effects on a neuroblastoma cell line. 细胞外基质对神经母细胞瘤细胞系的影响。
Cytobios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
M Hahn, T Glass, J Koke
{"title":"Extracellular matrix effects on a neuroblastoma cell line.","authors":"M Hahn,&nbsp;T Glass,&nbsp;J Koke","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cells of various lines assume similar shapes when grown attached to substrates like coverslips. In contrast, cells cultured in a collagen and/or laminin matrix often assume a relatively normal morphology in comparison with their in situ counterparts. During investigations of neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, an attempt was made to identify culture conditions which would cause the cells to assume a more regular shape. SH-SY5Y cells cultured on bare coverslips, on coverslips coated with rat-tail collagen, and in approximately 1 mm thick gels containing extracellular matrix components were compared. Striking differences were apparent when comparing the gel-cultured cells with cells cultured on coverslips. Cells grown in the gel formed ganglia-like clusters which generated bundles of neurites which targeted other 'ganglia'. The same cells grown on coverslips, whether or not they were collagen-coated, appeared unaware of the presence of other cells, and did not cluster, nor did they generate neurites.</p>","PeriodicalId":11078,"journal":{"name":"Cytobios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21667782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
DNA degradation in the kidney of folic acid-treated guinea pigs. 叶酸处理豚鼠肾脏的DNA降解。
Cytobios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
P M Zeis, M Tzaki, L Nakopoulou, P Nicolaidou, E Kavazarakis, A Messaritaki, M Moustaki, M P Zeis, D Gourgiotis
{"title":"DNA degradation in the kidney of folic acid-treated guinea pigs.","authors":"P M Zeis,&nbsp;M Tzaki,&nbsp;L Nakopoulou,&nbsp;P Nicolaidou,&nbsp;E Kavazarakis,&nbsp;A Messaritaki,&nbsp;M Moustaki,&nbsp;M P Zeis,&nbsp;D Gourgiotis","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous investigators agree on the increased DNA synthesis and destruction of tissues caused by folic acid (FA) administered parenterally. This study aims to clarify whether DNA degradation due to the destruction of cells and nuclei precedes DNA synthesis following FA administration. Forty guinea pigs were divided into four groups: group 1, contained 10 controls; in group 2, ten animals received intraperitoneally 300 mg/kg of body wt FA; in group 3, ten animals received FA and 12 h later frusemide intramuscularly in a dose of 7 mg/kg body wt; and finally in group 4, ten animals received frusemide as in group 3. FA produced necrosis of the epithelial cells of the convoluted tubules as the detection of the beta-aminoisobutyric acid end product of DNA and thymine catabolism indicated. Frusemide administered in group 3 had a favourable effect on the acute renal failure induced by FA.</p>","PeriodicalId":11078,"journal":{"name":"Cytobios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21728157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nature and distribution of constitutive heterochromatin and NOR location in the grasshopper Phaeoparia megacephala (Romaleidae: Orthoptera). 巨头蚱蜢组成异染色质的性质、分布和NOR的位置。
Cytobios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
L G Pereira, M J de Souza
{"title":"Nature and distribution of constitutive heterochromatin and NOR location in the grasshopper Phaeoparia megacephala (Romaleidae: Orthoptera).","authors":"L G Pereira,&nbsp;M J de Souza","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The constitutive heterochromatin (CH) of Phaeoparia megacephala was studied using C-banding and fluorochrome staining (CMA3, DAPI and acridine orange). The nucleolar organizer regions (NOR) were identified with silver staining. The chromosome complement of this species was 2n = 23, XO in males, and 2n = 24, XX in females. The CH was pericentromeric in all chromosomes. L1, L2, L3 and X chromosomes showed large blocks of CH, while the medium and small chromosomes had small blocks. The staining procedure with acridine orange revealed the same pattern. All the pericentromeric regions showed small blocks of CMA3-positive constitutive heterochromatin (GC-rich regions), while only part of the large C-band positive chromosome segments (L1, L2, L3 and X) were CMA3 positive. This character demonstrates an uncommon heterogeneity of constitutive heterochromatin in P. megacephala. The fluorochrome DAPI did not reveal DAPI-positive regions (AT-rich regions). Silver staining revealed only one pair of medium chromosomes with NOR.</p>","PeriodicalId":11078,"journal":{"name":"Cytobios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21902998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Karyotypic characterization and constitutive heterochromatin in the grasshopper Stiphra robusta (Orthoptera proscopiidae). 蚱蛄(直翅目)核型特征及组成异染色质。
Cytobios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
M J de Souza, R de C de Moura
{"title":"Karyotypic characterization and constitutive heterochromatin in the grasshopper Stiphra robusta (Orthoptera proscopiidae).","authors":"M J de Souza,&nbsp;R de C de Moura","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conventional analysis, C-banding, silver nitrate and base specific fluorochrome staining with chromomycin A3 (CMA3) were used to analyse the meiotic chromosomes of the grasshopper Stiphra robusta. Diploid numbers of 2n = 19 in the males and 2n = 20 in the females were observed. The chromosome complement comprised a graded series of uniarmed chromosomes, and the X chromosome was medium sized. The nucleolar organizer regions, restricted to the bivalent chromosomes 6, 7 and 8, were CMA3 positive.</p>","PeriodicalId":11078,"journal":{"name":"Cytobios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21605263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of pH and inorganic carbon concentration on growth, glycerol production, photosynthesis and dark respiration of Dunaliella salina. pH和无机碳浓度对盐藻生长、甘油生成、光合作用和暗呼吸的影响。
Cytobios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
A Thakur, H D Kumar, S M Cowsik
{"title":"Effect of pH and inorganic carbon concentration on growth, glycerol production, photosynthesis and dark respiration of Dunaliella salina.","authors":"A Thakur,&nbsp;H D Kumar,&nbsp;S M Cowsik","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growth of Dunaliella salina was studied with respect to pH and varying concentrations of NaHCO3 in the medium. The growth rate, photosynthesis and dark respiration were maximal at pH 8 and 4 mM NaHCO3 in the medium. Photosystem I of the Hill reaction was affected more by inorganic carbon concentration than photosystem II.</p>","PeriodicalId":11078,"journal":{"name":"Cytobios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21727004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Adhesion of blood platelets to collagen and fibrinogen after treatment with cisplatin and its complex with glutathione. 顺铂及其与谷胱甘肽复合物治疗后血小板对胶原蛋白和纤维蛋白原的粘附。
Cytobios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
B Olas, B Wachowicz, A Buczyński
{"title":"Adhesion of blood platelets to collagen and fibrinogen after treatment with cisplatin and its complex with glutathione.","authors":"B Olas,&nbsp;B Wachowicz,&nbsp;A Buczyński","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II, CDDP) is one of the most widely used chemotherapy drugs. Unfortunately, it induces serious side effects such as haematological toxicity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of CDDP on the first step in blood platelet activation-platelet adhesion, induced by thrombin or adenosine diphosphate (ADP), to collagen and fibrinogen. The action of cisplatin was compared with the action of cisplatin glutathione complex (GS-Pt) on platelet adhesion and on free radical generation measured by chemiluminescence. Pretreatment of blood platelets with cisplatin (0.1-20 microM) caused a dose- and time-dependent reduction of platelet adhesion to collagen and fibrinogen (p <0.05). The GS-Pt complex (20 microM, 30 min) had a stronger inhibitory effect on this process. Moreover, the complex (R2 = 0.992; p <0.05) also stimulated the chemiluminescence of blood platelets to a greater extent than CDDP alone (R2 = 0.999; p <0.01). The results suggest that inhibition of platelet adhesion in the presence of cisplatin and its complex with glutathione correlates with the generation of reactive oxygen species in these cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":11078,"journal":{"name":"Cytobios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21727005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Presence of two suctorian ciliate species of the genera Acineta and Pelagacineta, epibionts on marine copepod crustaceans. 海洋桡足类甲壳类动物的两种附生纤毛类的存在。
Cytobios Pub Date : 2000-01-01
G Fernandez-Leborans, M L Tato-Porto
{"title":"Presence of two suctorian ciliate species of the genera Acineta and Pelagacineta, epibionts on marine copepod crustaceans.","authors":"G Fernandez-Leborans,&nbsp;M L Tato-Porto","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acineta arcachoniensis sp. nov., a new species of protist suctorian epibiont on the copepod Chiridius gracilis is described. The individuals show two well-developed actinophores, with two fascicles of capitate tentacles, an irregular nucleus, a cup-shaped lorica and a short stalk. Reproduction of A. arcachoniensis is by endogenous budding. The suctorians are located on the base of the antennae, the final abdominal segments or on the last pereiopod pair of the copepod. In addition, a new registration of the suctorian Pelagacineta euchaetae on the copepod Calanus helgolandicus is recorded.</p>","PeriodicalId":11078,"journal":{"name":"Cytobios","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21911723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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