{"title":"High voltage bipolar transistor with new concepts","authors":"I. Takata, T. Hikichi, M. Inoue","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1992.244420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1992.244420","url":null,"abstract":"The 200 A class bipolar transistors developed for 440 V AC line use have two-stage Darlington construction to accomplish the low power loss, V/sub CE/(sat)=1.5 V, t/sub f/<or=1 mu s. The destruction current in the reverse bias safe operation area (SOA) is expanded to twice the conventional. This improvement is based on the theoretical prediction and the experimental confirmation that the operating limit voltage is determined by the collector layer thickness, and the operating limit current density is determined by the resistivity of the collector layer. The necessary condition for obtaining a wide short-circuit SOA is presented.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":110710,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1992 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130338207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Considering lighting system performance and HVAC interactions in lighting retrofit analyses","authors":"E. Franconi, F. Rubinstein","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1992.244544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1992.244544","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of several typical fluorescent lighting retrofits are examined, using analysis methods of varying sophistication. It is seen that estimates of energy and lighting performance based on the simple nonapplication-specific data generally available tend to overestimate the energy savings obtained with the various retrofits by 10-30%. Adding a simple correction to account for cooling benefits exacerbates the error unless heating penalties are also considered. An analysis that takes into account the thermal application factor of the lighting system shows that the error is typically due to systematically overestimating the energy usage of the original lighting system. If the thermal application factor is considered, then detailed HVAC calculations do not significantly improve the energy savings estimate.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":110710,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1992 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124819584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microcomputer-based real-time controller with high safety and short retry time","authors":"Yen-Tseng Hsu, Chwan-Chia Wu","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1992.244224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1992.244224","url":null,"abstract":"The architecture of the duplex computer system, which usually has the highest safety factor among all the standby systems, is detailed, and the safety evaluation of an online repairable duplex system is discussed. In particular, a main comparator for the bus level that was different from the conventional system level comparator was designed. The safeguard circuit was designed for fail-safe operation. The resulting system offers many advantages, including as high safety, short retry time, and short error latency.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":110710,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1992 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"365 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131724539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design study of switched reluctance motor performance","authors":"J. Finch, J. Faiz, H. Metwally","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1992.244288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1992.244288","url":null,"abstract":"It is shown that different figures of merit applicable to doubly-salient machines can be used with switched reluctance motors (SRMs). This very simplified approach is shown still to have validity in both stepping and SRM design, but caution is needed. The different design recommendations are critically examined and compared with results from full computer models, validated by extensive comparisons with measured behavior from prototype and commercial machines. Different criteria for optimization are used in a practical design study, including loss constraints. Torque optimization without loss constraints produces maxima which accord well with the figure of merit correctly based on a nonlinear magnetization curve. An important aspect of this study is the introduction of corrections for core loss, based on an empirical formula.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":110710,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1992 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134415549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simulation and experimental study of observer-based robust speed control of a self-controlled synchronous motor","authors":"P.K. Nandam, P. C. Sen","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1992.244342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1992.244342","url":null,"abstract":"The authors study the suitability and practicality of using nonadaptive and adaptive state observer-based methods to achieve robust (parameter-insensitive) speed control characteristics for a self-controlled synchronous motor drive system. The sliding mode speed control technique is employed to provide the robust property of the drive system. Design methods for various state observers that can be used to estimate the acceleration signal are discussed. A fast reduced-order observer is shown to be most suitable for sliding mode speed control applications. Both digital simulation and experimental results for a 3 hp drive system are presented to substantiate the theoretical design and analysis.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":110710,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1992 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132251652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Temperature variation effects on the switching characteristics of bipolar mode FETs (BMFETs)","authors":"S. Menhart, J. Hudgins, C. V. Godbold, W. Portnoy","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1992.244421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1992.244421","url":null,"abstract":"The switching performance of a bipolar mode FET (BMFET) is examined and measured over a temperature range from -184 degrees C to +197 degrees C. Data are presented which show the temperature variation of the rise and fall times, for both the current and voltage; the measured temperature dependence of the forward voltage drop is also presented. These data show that overall device switching performance is not improved for low temperature operation and is degraded at temperatures above room temperature.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":110710,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1992 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132288596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High frequency cage rotor designs","authors":"M. A. Salim, R. Spée","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1992.244470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1992.244470","url":null,"abstract":"It is shown that two-dimensional finite-element (FE) analysis in combination with geometrical considerations and interface with a detailed model can be a valuable tool in the analysis of nested loop rotor structures which are characteristic of brushless doubly fed machines. Two-dimensional FE analysis is used to investigate basic rotor bar characteristics. Interface with a detailed simulation program permits the investigation of assembled rotors, otherwise a 3D analysis problem. Rotor bar geometries for a high-speed alternator are investigated. Bar shapes are kept simple to allow manufacturing of the rotor in the absence of die-casting equipment. Rotor prototypes are constructed using custom, laser-cut laminations, and experimental results for the alternator are investigated. Bar shapes are kept simple to allow manufacturing of the rotor in the absence of die-casting equipment. Rotor prototypes are constructed using custom, laser-cut laminations, and experimental results for the alternator verify improved line-to-shaft efficiencies over conventional rotor geometries as well as off-the-shelf alternators.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":110710,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1992 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133193024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design of stand-by generators for non-linear loads","authors":"G. R. Phillips","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1992.244296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1992.244296","url":null,"abstract":"The author discusses the causes of the problems and the design changes possible in the generator to minimize the voltage waveform distortion. A method for calculating the additional losses in the generator due to harmonic currents is presented. The discussion refers specifically to generators of the salient pole type in the 10-2000 kW range, but the general principles apply to all types of rotating field machines. Optimum generator design depends on the system connection. For generators connected directly to balanced line to neural loads, a 2/3 pitch machine with low zero sequence reactance minimizes triplen voltage harmonic distortion. For balanced three-phase loads, lower subtransient reactances and, consequently, lower voltage harmonic distortion can be obtained by using a longer coil pitch.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":110710,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1992 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"5 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114036693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exact voltage drop calculations","authors":"R. J. Titus","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1992.244399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1992.244399","url":null,"abstract":"The derivation of the IEEE STD 141-1986 exact voltage drop formula is presented to correct an existing error in the standard. A updated and more accurate formula for calculating a voltage drop is then presented as a proposed replacement to the current standard's formula. The two methods are contrasted with an example from an industrial application.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":110710,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1992 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121611835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Third-harmonic modulated power electronics interface with 3-phase utility to provide a regulated DC output and to minimize line-current harmonics","authors":"R. Naik, M. Rastogi, N. Mohan","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1992.244329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1992.244329","url":null,"abstract":"A novel approach to achieving nearly sinusoidal line current rectification of three-phase utility voltages is presented. The scheme incorporates two step-up DC-DC power converters to modulate the DC link currents at the third harmonic frequency. The modulated currents are then reinjected on the AC side of the diode bridge rectifier. Simulation results for a three-phase, 208 V (line-to-line), 3 kW system are presented. The sensitivity of the interface to unbalances in various system parameters is included. Results from experimental investigations on a small-scale laboratory model are presented.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":110710,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1992 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122018416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}