Cambridge Prisms: Plastics最新文献_第3页

The role of plastics in the accumulation and release of trace elements in the environment 塑料在环境中微量元素积累和释放中的作用

Cambridge Prisms: Plastics Pub Date : 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.1017/plc.2023.15

H. Masterton, H. Ruffell, S. Gaw, O. Pantos

引用次数: 0

Building a Regime Complex for Marine Plastics Pollution 建立海洋塑料污染治理体系

Cambridge Prisms: Plastics Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.1017/plc.2023.12

Elizabeth Mendenhall

引用次数: 0

Limited knowledge of national plastics policy effectiveness may hinder global progress 对国家塑料政策有效性的有限了解可能会阻碍全球进步

Cambridge Prisms: Plastics Pub Date : 2023-07-19 DOI: 10.1017/plc.2023.13

A. March, Rachel Karasik, K. Roberts, Tegan Evans

引用次数: 0

Embedding citizens within airborne microplastic and microfibre research 将公民纳入空气中的微塑料和微纤维研究

Cambridge Prisms: Plastics Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.1017/plc.2023.11

B. Williams, L. de Vito, A. Sardo, K. Pringle, M. Hansen, M. Taylor, K. Lamb-Riddell, S. Laggan, T. Cox, F. Radford, E.T. Hayes

引用次数: 0

Global Plastic Pollution and Informal Waste Pickers 全球塑料污染和非正式拾荒者

Cambridge Prisms: Plastics Pub Date : 2023-06-21 DOI: 10.1017/plc.2023.10

J. Gutberlet

{"title":"Global Plastic Pollution and Informal Waste Pickers","authors":"J. Gutberlet","doi":"10.1017/plc.2023.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/plc.2023.10","url":null,"abstract":"Increasingly plastic pollution is being recognized as a critical environmental and human health threat of unprecedented scale and complexity. While trends in plastic production and consumption are still on the rise, the negative effects of uncollected, mismanaged, dumped or incinerated plastic waste are causing profound impacts on the environment, oceans, climate and food chains compromising the quality of life for humans and other living beings, with expected cumulative negative effects for the near future. Particularly populations in the Global South, where new markets for plastic consumer goods have rapidly emerged over the past 30 years, while waste management, in general, has remained precarious, underfunded or inexistent, directly experience the burdens of plastic pollution. The emerging environmental problems are particularly visible in these regions and so are also possible solutions and alternatives. Approximately 20million informal workers already recover plastic waste from the garbage in the Global South, usually working under precarious, risky and poorly paid conditions. The literature claims that they represent aworkforce that ifrecognized, integrated and valuedand under decent work conditions and fair remuneration could potentially increase significantly the capturing of plastic waste and reduce the amount of fugitive plastics. This review paper applies an anthropogenic global environmental change theory lens to discuss the key challenges in managing plastic waste and global plastic pollution, uncovering major causes, impacts from dispersion and leakage of plastics into soil, water and air, recognizing the relational and geographic perspectives of plastic waste. A concerted effort is required to coordinating policies and technological solutions in order to strengthening, fund and recognize the waste picker sector as a key protagonist in addressing this waste issue.","PeriodicalId":110455,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Prisms: Plastics","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125899119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Environmental Toxicology of Marine Microplastic Pollution 海洋微塑料污染的环境毒理学

Cambridge Prisms: Plastics Pub Date : 2023-06-19 DOI: 10.1017/plc.2023.9

Wen-Xiong Wang

引用次数: 3

PLASTIC PULSE OF THE PUBLIC – A review of survey-based research on how people use plastic 公众的塑料脉搏-关于人们如何使用塑料的调查研究综述

Cambridge Prisms: Plastics Pub Date : 2023-06-19 DOI: 10.1017/plc.2023.8

Tony R. Walker, Britta R. Baechler, Laura Markley, Maja Grünzner, Ivy S. G. Akuoko, C. Bowyer, Claudia Menzel, S. Muntaha, A. Macdonald, Deonie Allen, Emily Cowan

引用次数: 2

Hazardous chemicals in recycled and reusable plastic food packaging 可回收和可重复使用的塑料食品包装中的有害化学物质

Cambridge Prisms: Plastics Pub Date : 2023-05-22 DOI: 10.1017/plc.2023.7

B. Geueke, Drake W. Phelps, L. V. Parkinson, J. Muncke

{"title":"Hazardous chemicals in recycled and reusable plastic food packaging","authors":"B. Geueke, Drake W. Phelps, L. V. Parkinson, J. Muncke","doi":"10.1017/plc.2023.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/plc.2023.7","url":null,"abstract":"In the battle against plastic pollution, many efforts are being undertaken to reduce, reuse and recycle plastics. If tackled in the right way, these efforts have the potential to contribute to reducing plastic waste and plastic ’ s spread in the environment. However, reusing and recycling plastics can also lead to unintended negative impacts because hazardous chemicals, like endocrine disrupters and carcinogens, can be released during reuse and accumulate during recycling. In this way, plastic reuse and recycling become vectors for spreading chemicals of concern. This is especially concerning when plastics are reused for food packaging, or when food packaging is made with recycled plastics. Therefore, it is of utmost importance that care is taken to avoid hazardous chemicals in plastic food contact materials (FCMs) and to ensure that plastic packaging that is reused or made with recycled content is safe for human health and the environment. The data presented in this review are obtained from the Database on Migrating and Extractable Food Contact Chemicals (FCCmigex), which is based on over 800 scientific publications on plastic FCMs. We provide systematic evidence for migrating and extractable food contact chemicals (FCCs) in plastic polymers that are typically reused, such as polyamide (PA), melamine resin, polycarbonate and polypropylene, or that contain recycled content, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET). A total of 1332 entries in the FCCmigex database refer to the detection of 509 FCCs in repeat-use FCMs made of plastic, and 853 FCCs are found in recycled PET, of which 57.6% have been detected only once. Here, we compile information on the origin, function and hazards of FCCs that have been frequently detected, such as melamine, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butylbenzoquinone, caprolactam and PA oligomers and highlight key knowledge gaps that are relevant for the assessment of chemical safety.","PeriodicalId":110455,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Prisms: Plastics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125148272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Transforming Encounters: A review of the drivers and mechanisms of macrofaunal plastic fragmentation in the environment 环境中大型动物塑料破碎化的驱动因素和机制综述

Cambridge Prisms: Plastics Pub Date : 2023-05-19 DOI: 10.1017/plc.2023.6

Julia Rambacher, O. Pantos, S. Hardwick, E. Cameron, S. Gaw

{"title":"Transforming Encounters: A review of the drivers and mechanisms of macrofaunal plastic fragmentation in the environment","authors":"Julia Rambacher, O. Pantos, S. Hardwick, E. Cameron, S. Gaw","doi":"10.1017/plc.2023.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/plc.2023.6","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic has infiltrated every ecosystem on the planet, making encounters between this anthropogenic pollutant and fauna inevitable. Abiotic environmental breakdown involving light, oxygen, temperature and mechanical forces is well-characterized, while biotic degradation mechanisms are less well-understood. Reports of the role of macrofauna in the fragmentation of plastic debris are increasing. This review explores the driving factors for macrofaunal fragmentation, as well as the physiological mechanisms by which plastic items are fragmented. The presence, and access to plastic within an organism ’ s habitat are the key determinants of macrofaunal plastic degradation. Foraging strategies, along with burrowing and nesting behaviors increase the likelihood of macrofauna interacting with plastics. Though this type of fragmentation can occur externally, it often follows ingestion, which in itself can be driven by resemblance to food. Four physical mechanisms of macrofaunal plastic fragmentation were identified, namely biting, drilling, grazing and grinding. Biting, restricted to the mouthparts of an organism, was the most common form of macrofaunal fragmentation reported in literature. Similarly, the use of specialized mouthparts for drilling or grazing can produce secondary plastic particles. Lastly, grinding, through manipulation by the gizzard or gastric mill following ingestion can significantly reduce the size of the plastic material. Prolonged and/or repeated interactions with plastics pose the risk of increased wear on the mouthparts and digestive organs involved. Through mechanisms that directly affect the plastic ’ s structural integrity, physical fragmentation by macrofauna can amplify overall plastic degradation rates and the formation of micro-and nanoplastics in the environment, while long internal retention times can contribute to their dispersal, trophic transfer, and the organism ’ s exposure to plastic additives. To more fully understand the extent of","PeriodicalId":110455,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Prisms: Plastics","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124802835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A Sustainable Approach to Plastic Waste Management in the Global South 发展中国家塑料废物管理的可持续方法

Cambridge Prisms: Plastics Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.1017/plc.2023.5

Dimitrios Karadimas, E. Garner, J. Seay

{"title":"A Sustainable Approach to Plastic Waste Management in the Global South","authors":"Dimitrios Karadimas, E. Garner, J. Seay","doi":"10.1017/plc.2023.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/plc.2023.5","url":null,"abstract":"Although the awareness of the environmental damage caused by plastic pollution has recently increased, few steps have been taken to confront its consequences. These consequences are often most severe in the Global South where countries often lack proper waste management infrastructure. Unless the market value of plastic waste increases, it will simply be discarded, eventually making its way to the environment. It has been established that polyolefin plastic can be converted to a sulfur-free fuel oil by pyrolysis, suitable for use in diesel engines or as a clean cooking fuel. However, carrying out this chemistry in the Global South is challenging. Any process intended for use in the Global South must be safe, robust, efficient, simple to operate, low cost, and most importantly profitable for the operator. When the average daily wage in sub-Saharan Africa is less than 3 USD, an income provided from plastic waste fuel can be significant. The research presented herein focuses on the optimization of a plastic-to-fuel processor that can be built using the principles of appropriate technology. The results of this optimization and profitability assessment will be described. This research has been conducted in collaboration with the NGOs Empowered Solutions for Environmental Sustainability and UpCycle Africa.","PeriodicalId":110455,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Prisms: Plastics","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122758875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1