Czech Journal of Animal Science最新文献_第10页

Effect of different dietary fibre sources on the zootechnical performance, feeding behaviour and intestinal physiology of growing and finishing pigs 不同饲粮纤维来源对生长育肥猪动物生产性能、摄食行为和肠道生理的影响

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Czech Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2022-01-04 DOI: 10.17221/126/2021-cjas

J. Pichler, Florian Hemetsberger, Melanie Buchberger, C. Schwarz, K. Schedle

{"title":"Effect of different dietary fibre sources on the zootechnical performance, feeding behaviour and intestinal physiology of growing and finishing pigs","authors":"J. Pichler, Florian Hemetsberger, Melanie Buchberger, C. Schwarz, K. Schedle","doi":"10.17221/126/2021-cjas","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/126/2021-cjas","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different sources of fibre in the diets of fattening pigs on performance, feeding behaviour and intestinal physiology. A total of 60 barrows and gilts (initial body weight 28.4 ± 0.4 kg) were allotted to four dietary treatments: control (CON), lignocellulose (LC), mycelium (MYC) and corn gluten feed (CGF). Diets were calculated to provide balanced available nutrient contents. Including MYC in the diet resulted in an increased average daily gain (P < 0.05) compared to CON and CGF, and improved gain to feed ratio (P < 0.05) compared to LC. Pigs in CON (P < 0.05) ate the fewest but largest meals, whereas treatment CGF (P < 0.05) showed the opposite effect, resulting in the same daily feeder occupation time. Regarding intestinal physiology, in ileum, no differences were observed between the contents of short chain fatty acids (SCFA), lactic acid and biogenic amines. In the colon, MYC showed an increased concentration of acetic acid (P < 0.05) as well as the total content of SCFA (P < 0.05), compared to LC and CGF. Distinct fermentation profiles of ammonia were recorded in ileal and colonic digesta, although contents remained below harmful concentrations. Morphometrical measurements showed differences between the fibre sources LC and MYC, as well as LC and the CON in all investigated gut sections. These results provide evidence that the inclusion of specific dietary fibre sources/contents can positively influence the gut morphology and performance of pigs. However, further studies are needed regarding the mode of action and physico-chemical characteristics of the different fibre sources as a precondition for their successful application in pig diets.","PeriodicalId":10972,"journal":{"name":"Czech Journal of Animal Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44654249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on the temperament of cows of the Aberdeen Angus cattle breed 阿伯丁安格斯牛品种奶牛气质的研究

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Czech Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2021-12-21 DOI: 10.17221/88/2021-cjas

S. Karamfilov

引用次数: 3

Effects of folic acid supplementation to basal diets of broilers on growth performance, slaughter performance, IGF2 gene expression and methylation 基础日粮添加叶酸对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、IGF2基因表达和甲基化的影响

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Czech Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.17221/76/2021-cjas

Xiulin Li, Yujie Zhang, W. Jing, Weiqi Tang, Jinyi Xing, Yunyun Zhang

{"title":"Effects of folic acid supplementation to basal diets of broilers on growth performance, slaughter performance, IGF2 gene expression and methylation","authors":"Xiulin Li, Yujie Zhang, W. Jing, Weiqi Tang, Jinyi Xing, Yunyun Zhang","doi":"10.17221/76/2021-cjas","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/76/2021-cjas","url":null,"abstract":"Folic acid (FA) is an important water-soluble vitamin and plays an important role as a cofactor and coenzyme in animal growth and development, and regulation of gene expression and methylation. A total of 270 female broiler chickens (1-day-old) were randomly allotted to three dietary treatments supplemented with 0 mg/kg (control group), 5 mg/kg, and 10 mg/kg FA in basal diets for 42 days, respectively. Each treatment had six replicate cages with 15 birds per cage. Dietary supplementation of 5 mg/kg FA significantly enhanced average body weight and average daily gain of 21-day-old broilers (P < 0.05), but significantly reduced subcutaneous fat thickness and widths of an intermuscular fat band of 42-day-old broilers by dietary FA treatments (P < 0.05). Also, a diet with 10 mg/kg FA supplementation significantly increased the relative heart weight of 42-day-old chickens (P < 0.05). Furthermore, dietary FA supplementation significantly improved the serum insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) concentrations (P < 0.01) and IGF2 mRNA expression in the abdominal fat (P < 0.05), but no statistical differences were found in the methylation of IGF2 promoter (P > 0.05). The present study demonstrated that dietary FA supplementation may have positive effects on chicken growth through increased IGF2 gene expression. ","PeriodicalId":10972,"journal":{"name":"Czech Journal of Animal Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41613107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Fleckscore system of exterior evaluation as a more accurate indirect predictor of longevity in Slovak Simmental dairy cows Fleckscore外部评估系统作为斯洛伐克西门塔尔奶牛寿命的更准确间接预测指标

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Czech Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.17221/102/2021-cjas

E. Strapáková, P. Strapák, J. Candrák, I. Pavlík, Katarína Dočkalová

引用次数: 4

Copy number variation of amylase alpha 2B gene is associated with feed efficiency traits in Large White pigs--title not given-- 大白猪淀粉酶α2B基因拷贝数变异与饲料效率性状相关——未给出标题--

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Czech Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2021-11-26 DOI: 10.17221/117/2021-cjas

Tsukasa Yoshidomi, Kazuaki Tanaka, T. Takizawa, S. Nikaido, Tetsuya Ito, Mai Kamikawa, Kensuke Hirose

{"title":"Copy number variation of amylase alpha 2B gene is associated with feed efficiency traits in Large White pigs--title not given--","authors":"Tsukasa Yoshidomi, Kazuaki Tanaka, T. Takizawa, S. Nikaido, Tetsuya Ito, Mai Kamikawa, Kensuke Hirose","doi":"10.17221/117/2021-cjas","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/117/2021-cjas","url":null,"abstract":"Copy number variation (CNV) of the AMY gene in humans has been enthusiastically studied for its association with starch digestibility and obesity. The alpha-amylase (AMY) is a major starch digestive enzyme in mammals. This study aimed to determine the association between CNV of the porcine pancreatic amylase (AMY2B) gene and feed efficiency. Improvement of feed efficiency in growing pigs is of great economic interest. We assayed the copy number of AMY2B by using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) in a Large White pig population. We identified three genotypes for AMY2B CNVs, namely I/I (homozygotes of haplotype I; a chromosome with one copy of AMY2B), I/II (heterozygotes of haplotype I and II; a chromosome with two copies) and II/II (homozygotes of haplotype II). We tested the genotypes of the parental generation consisting of six males, 21 females and 265 offspring piglets to validate the AMY2B CNV genotyping. With very few mistyping exceptions, copy numbers of AMY2B were transmitted to piglets in segregation ratios following Mendelian inheritance. Finally, we performed an association analysis between the CNV of the AMY2B gene and feed efficiency traits in 207 uncastrated male pigs. The generalised linear model analysis showed the significant effects of AMY2B CNV genotype on average daily feed intake, total feed intake and feed conversion ratio during growth from 30 kg to 100 kg body weight. However, it was not associated with average daily gain, backfat thickness and loin eye muscle area. Individuals with the genotype I/I had about 76.6 ± 27.1 g lower average daily feed intake, 5.35 ± 1.90 kg lower total feed intake and 0.089 8 ± 0.026 5 lower feed conversion ratio than individuals with I/II and II/II genotypes. Thus, AMY2B CNV has the potential to be an effective genetic marker that could reduce feed costs for pig farming. ","PeriodicalId":10972,"journal":{"name":"Czech Journal of Animal Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44105203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Changes in milk ketone and fatty acid concentrations during early lactation in Holstein and Fleckvieh cows 荷斯坦奶牛和弗莱克维奶牛泌乳早期乳酮和脂肪酸浓度的变化

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Czech Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2021-11-11 DOI: 10.17221/122/2021-cjas

M. Štolcová, D. Řehák, L. Bartoň

{"title":"Changes in milk ketone and fatty acid concentrations during early lactation in Holstein and Fleckvieh cows","authors":"M. Štolcová, D. Řehák, L. Bartoň","doi":"10.17221/122/2021-cjas","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/122/2021-cjas","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to compare the changes in milk composition postpartum, especially ketones and milk fatty acids (FAs), in Holstein and Fleckvieh cows kept under identical management conditions. Milk composite samples were collected from 66 cows during afternoon milking, at weekly intervals from one to eight weeks postpartum, and their components were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The Holstein cows had higher (P < 0.05) concentrations of long-chain FAs (ranging from 6% to 16% in different weeks), monounsaturated FAs (6% to 12%), and C18:1 (5% to 16%), as well as lower (P < 0.05) concentrations of saturated FAs (3% to 8%) and short-chain FAs (7% to 17%) in their milk than the Fleckvieh cows for almost the entire monitored period. These differences can be explained by pronounced lipomobilization, due to a negative energy balance, when mainly long-chain FAs from adipose tissue are incorporated into milk and significantly inhibit the de novo synthesis of FAs in the mammary gland. In conclusion, it can be assumed that breed-related metabolic changes during the first weeks of lactation have a large effect on the milk FA composition. This reflection of the metabolic load changes and lipomobilization in differing milk FA profiles would allow for the use of selected milk FAs to detect energy imbalances and their associated diseases in early lactation cows. ","PeriodicalId":10972,"journal":{"name":"Czech Journal of Animal Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47082486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of early-life jejunal microbiota diversity in two pig breeds 两个猪品种早期空肠微生物群多样性的比较

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Czech Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2021-11-04 DOI: 10.17221/63/2021-cjas

Yuting Yang, Huan Gao, Jinming Ran, Ying Huang, Ming-hua Yang, Lijie Yang, Sumei Zhao, S. Qiao, H. Pan

{"title":"Comparison of early-life jejunal microbiota diversity in two pig breeds","authors":"Yuting Yang, Huan Gao, Jinming Ran, Ying Huang, Ming-hua Yang, Lijie Yang, Sumei Zhao, S. Qiao, H. Pan","doi":"10.17221/63/2021-cjas","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/63/2021-cjas","url":null,"abstract":"The pig intestinal microbiota perform multiple physiological functions during the lifespan of the host. Host genetics is considered a major factor shaping the intestinal microbiota. This study explored the jejunal microbial diversity and potential functional differences between Dahe (DH) and Diannan small-ear (DS) pigs, two important native Chinese breeds with different growth characteristics. Nine piglets of each breed (DH and DS) were fed sow milk until the age of 35 days. Jejunal chyme samples were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing. The birth weight, final body weight at day 35, and average daily gain tended to increase more in DH piglets than in DS piglets. The jejunal microbial Shannon index was also higher in DH piglets than in DS piglets (P < 0.05). At the genus level, the relative abundances of Clostridium XI, Clostridium sensu stricto, Turicibacter, Megasphaera, Veillonella, Mitsuokella, and Selenomonas in DH pigs were higher than those in DS individuals, whereas Streptophyta, Enterococcus, Lactococcus, and Weissella were lower in DH pigs than in DS pigs (P < 0.05). Furthermore, linear discriminant effect size analyses revealed 25 differential bacterial taxa between DH and DS piglets. Spearman’s analysis found that Enterococcus was negatively correlated with final body weight (P = 0.025, r = –0.56) and average daily gain (P = 0.034, r = –0.53), while average daily gain was positively correlated with Clostridium XI (P = 0.01, r = 0.63) and Mitsuokella (P =0.007, r = 0.64). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes annotation identified eight functional categories related to amino acids and energy metabolism in DH piglets, while three categories were related to lipid metabolism in DS piglets. Our findings suggest that DH pigs have higher microbial diversity, while DS pigs may have higher fat deposition ability.","PeriodicalId":10972,"journal":{"name":"Czech Journal of Animal Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41711156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Modelling the growth of rearing cattle 模拟饲养牛的生长

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Czech Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.17221/98/2021-cjas

Hanna Unterauer, N. Brunner, M. Kühleitner

引用次数: 0

Molecular cloning, functional characterization, tissue expression and polymorphism analysis of buffalo PRDX6 gene 水牛PRDX6基因的分子克隆、功能鉴定、组织表达及多态性分析

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Czech Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2021-10-20 DOI: 10.17221/42/2021-cjas

Miao Yongwang, L. Qiu, Fan Xinyang, Teng Xiaohong, Pei-Ling Wang

{"title":"Molecular cloning, functional characterization, tissue expression and polymorphism analysis of buffalo PRDX6 gene","authors":"Miao Yongwang, L. Qiu, Fan Xinyang, Teng Xiaohong, Pei-Ling Wang","doi":"10.17221/42/2021-cjas","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/42/2021-cjas","url":null,"abstract":"PRDX6 is a bifunctional protein involved in antioxidant regulation and phospholipid metabolism. Previous studies have shown that PRDX6 is involved in some biological pathways and networks related to lactation. The aim of this study was to explore the characteristics, function, tissue expression and variation of buffalo PRDX6 gene. We cloned and characterized the complete coding sequence (CDS) of buffalo PRDX6. The CDS of PRDX6 for swamp and river buffalo is the same, which consists of 675 nucleotides and encodes a protein of 224 amino acids. Buffalo PRDX6 contains one PRX_1cys functional domain (AA 7–222), which is probably related to the regulation of oxidative stress. Multi-tissue differential expression analysis showed that buffalo PRDX6 was highly expressed in the muscle, brain, lung and small intestine during non-lactation and lactation, and there were significant differences in expression in all the tissues except the small intestine between the two periods. It is worth noting that the mRNA abundance of buffalo PRDX6 in non-lactating mammary gland is higher than that in lactating mammary gland. Among the two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in the CDS in this study, c.261C>T is shared by the two types of buffalo with different allelic frequencies, and c.426T>G is found only in river buffalo. The c.426T>G is non-synonymous, resulting in the amino acid substitution p.Asn142Lys. Only one nucleotide differential site is identified in PRDX6 gene between buffalo and other species of Bovidae. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that buffalo PRDX6 has a closer genetic relationship with that of the species in Bovidae. These results indicate that PRDX6 probably plays a crucial role in the mammary gland of buffalo. This study provides the foundation for further functional studies of PRDX6 in buffalo.","PeriodicalId":10972,"journal":{"name":"Czech Journal of Animal Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46373181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of chop lengths of ramie silage on ruminal fermentation, free amino acid content, and cellulase activity in goats 苎麻青贮切碎长度对山羊瘤胃发酵、游离氨基酸含量和纤维素酶活性的影响

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Czech Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2021-10-15 DOI: 10.17221/6/2021-cjas

Shengnan Sun, Gongxuan Chen, Z. Hou, Xuelei Zhang, G. Jiang, Duanqin Wu

{"title":"Effects of chop lengths of ramie silage on ruminal fermentation, free amino acid content, and cellulase activity in goats","authors":"Shengnan Sun, Gongxuan Chen, Z. Hou, Xuelei Zhang, G. Jiang, Duanqin Wu","doi":"10.17221/6/2021-cjas","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/6/2021-cjas","url":null,"abstract":"Twelve Liuyang black goats were selected and divided into three groups in a randomized design and they were provided one of the three treatment diets with different chop lengths of ramie silage [1 cm (RS1), 2 cm (RS2), and 3 cm (RS3)]. The length had no effect on pH or the content of acetic acid, butyric acid, and valeric acid. In contrast, NH3–N decreased (P = 0.024) and the ratio of acetate to propionate (P = 0.083) and total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) content (P = 0.087) tended to decrease, and the proportion of propionic acid tended to increase (P = 0.096) with an increase in the chop length of ramie. The increasing lengths of ramie silage decreased the content of total essential amino acids (AA) (P = 0.001), total non-essential AA (P = 0.003), and total AA (P = 0.001), and decreased the concentration of aspartic acid (P = 0.076) in the ruminal fluid. Ramie silage affected xylanase activity (P = 0.043), with greater activity in RS1 than in RS2 and RS3. The recommended chop length of ramie silage is 1 cm because of increasing TVFA, amino acid concentration, and xylanase activity in the ruminal fluid of goats.","PeriodicalId":10972,"journal":{"name":"Czech Journal of Animal Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42902860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0