AARN: East Asia (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Destruction from Above: Long-Term Legacies of the Tokyo Air Raids","authors":"Masataka Harada, Gaku Ito, Daniel M. Smith","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3471361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3471361","url":null,"abstract":"What are the long-term socioeconomic impacts of wartime violence? We use historical aerial imagery of the aftermath of the United States’ indiscriminate firebombing of Tokyo in 1945 to generate detailed neighborhood-level data on damages—helping us to overcome the methodological challenges of nonrandom assignment and coarse measurement. Decades after the air raids, the most heavily bombed neighborhoods continued to suffer socioeconomically—with higher crime, lower educational attainment, and higher unemployment. Causal mediation analysis reveals that these patterns cannot be explained by the ratio of new residents or the construction of high-rise buildings, and a geo-coded survey featuring behavioral experiments indicates less altruism in affected neighborhoods. In contrast to previous studies that stress how violence might affect social cohesion (positively or negatively) through individual or family-level trauma, our findings suggest that community-level exposure to violence might create persistent legacies by displacing victims and altering the urban landscape, thereby fragmenting local communities.","PeriodicalId":109568,"journal":{"name":"AARN: East Asia (Topic)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123698723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Situation and Two Sources of Legitimacy of Chinese Tradition","authors":"X. Lin","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3301830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3301830","url":null,"abstract":"Samuel Huntington (1968) pointed out that modernity brought stability while modernization brought instability. Nowadays, China accelerates its process of modernization, which brought a series of problems in politics, economy as well as culture. Chinese tradition is suffering from the impact of cultural instability. It is still powerful but also vulnerable. I summed up two sources of legitimacy for Chinese tradition in the light of modernization: stability, cohesion. And I think it is important to go towards the balance between tradition and modernization in the future.","PeriodicalId":109568,"journal":{"name":"AARN: East Asia (Topic)","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116645384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘iClan’: The Chinese Ritual Economy in the 21st Century","authors":"Man Guo, Carsten Herrmann-Pillath","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3166765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3166765","url":null,"abstract":"In recent debates about the nature and dynamics of Shenzhen development, many observers notice the resilience of urban villages in new metamorphoses. One core phenomenon is the revival of traditional kinship structures, the lineages. Lineages have become important actors in the urban economy, via real estate, rooted in the original ownership of rural land rights, and being networked into other sectors, such as services. In this working paper, we explore the implications for the study of Chinese kinship and kinship ritual in general, based on one case study, the Huang in the original single-lineage Xiasha and Shangsha villages. One important aspect is the internationalization of kinship organization, which was emphasized also in earlier studies on the metamorphoses of traditional kinship, based on research in Hong Kong (James Watson, Selina Chan and others). Today, this includes the virtual space of the internet. Based on this case, we analyse modern Chinese kinship in terms of the concepts of ‘cultural descent’ and ‘nested descent’ and we argue that this were also characteristics of the traditional ‘ritual economy’ in Late Imperial times. Hence, in this view the conventional narrative of a transition from tradition towards modernity needs thorough reconsideration, with many implications for improving our understanding of the Shenzhen phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":109568,"journal":{"name":"AARN: East Asia (Topic)","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127854779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Korean Country Image and Culture Contents Favor on Mongolian Customers’ Cross-Border Online Purchase Intention in Korean Products","authors":"Mendbayar Lkhaasuren, Kyung-Doo Nam, Dong-Ock Bang, Dong-Chun Kim","doi":"10.16980/jitc.14.1.201802.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16980/jitc.14.1.201802.1","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of Korean image and culture content preference on Mongolian customers. In addition, it has been investigated if the favorability of Korean culture contents had a positive effect on the national image. The Korean economy image, cultural image, national image and relational image were utilized as the dimensions of national image. A total of 229 Mongolian respondents’ questionnaires were used for the data analysis. In SPSS24.0, a reliability analysis was performed using Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient to perform multiple regression analysis to estimate questionnaire reliability and to test hypotheses. The results of this study showed that the favorability of Korean Culture Contents had a positive effect on the online shopping intention of Mongolian customers for Korean products. Among the selected image dimensions of the country, the economic image and the national image have a statistically positive impact on Mongolian customers’ purchase intention. However, the relationship images and the cultural images have little impact. Also, the favorability of Korean Culture Contents has a big influence on the image of Korea. More details will be discussed in the manuscript.","PeriodicalId":109568,"journal":{"name":"AARN: East Asia (Topic)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134064103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"중국 주도의 신금융질서 태동과 한국의 대응방향 (The Beginning of the China-Led New Financial Order and Korea's Countermeasures)","authors":"Ho Yeol Lim, Hyun-Tai Lee, Hongwon Kim, Junyoung Kim, Yunmi Oh, Philip Pilsoo Choi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2946748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2946748","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Korean Abstract:</b> 2016년 들어 AIIB가 운영을 개시하고, 위안화가 IMF의 SDR 통화바스켓에 편입되면서 국제금융질서에서 중국의 위상이 날로 높아지고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 중국 주도의 신금융질서 태동의 의미와 전망, 중국 중심 국제금융기구의 구조와 운영, 위안화 국제화와 통화블록 형성 가능성 등을 분석하였다. 이를 바탕으로 한국의 중장기 정책대응 방향과 함께 기업의 인프라 건설 참여방안, 민간 금융기관의 인프라금융 참여방안, 정부의 정책 지원방향을 제시함으로써 급변하는 국제금융질서에 대한 한국의 대외 입장 정립과 국익 확보에 기여하고자 하였다. <b>English Abstract:</b> The emergence of China in the international financial order can be analyzed in three aspects: strengthening its position within the IMF system led by the West, establishing a new financial order through multilateral development banks (MDBs) like the AIIB and NDB, and the internationalization of the renminbi (RMB). China has steadily demanded an increase in its share in the IMF. Following the effectuation of the reform plan in 2016, China became the third largest member of the IMF and the RMB is now included in the SDR basket. China also succeeded in launching the AIIB by formulating a consensus on the necessity for launching an alternative multilateral development bank in Asia where the ADB had a monopoly. On the other hand, RMB internationalization is executed based on a set of internal and external goals: stabilizing inflation and the engine for internal reform, and consolidating the international status of China. As a result, RMB settlements accounted for approximately 2% in world trade, while investment accounted for 16.6% in 2015. However, the RMB still accounts for only 0.6% of the global bond market, and only 1.1% of global foreign reserves. As such, although the internationalization of the RMB has achieved some degree of success, it is hardly keeping up with the extent to which China's economic power is growing. For the China-led financial order to take root, China should continue to pursue further reforms and openness regarding free convertibility, capital accounts, and the exchange rate. China, however, is maintaining a cautious approach. Some of the reasons for this are as follow. First, there are concerns about an outbreak of financial crisis through the opening up of China's capital account. Second, there are fears that there will be an increase of non-performing loans and decrease of interest rate in the event of non-interference by China's financial authorities. As China also has tried to maintain a managed floating system and to allow capital opening only on an experimental basis, it will not be easy for it to expand its influence in the international financial market in a short period of time. Moreover, as the recent appreciation of the yuan has weakened, the impetus for internationalization of the RMB has weakened.","PeriodicalId":109568,"journal":{"name":"AARN: East Asia (Topic)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132345038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Facebook Usage on Macau's People Aged 45 and Above: Implications for Marketers, Social Workers and Policy Makers","authors":"Alan Yung","doi":"10.22552/JIJMR/2016/V2/I1/121436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22552/JIJMR/2016/V2/I1/121436","url":null,"abstract":"Facebook kept growing since it was offered to college students in 2004 and became the number one online social network with one billion daily active users in September 2015. The daily one billion active users worldwide are sizeable enough to conclude that Facebook matters. Its heavy usage bridges the online and offline people connections, made Facebook a site for researchers interest. Researches were mainly conducted in western societies with college students and young adults. Not much research has been done on people aged 45 and above in Asia context. Aged 45 and above users were growing in a faster pace than the younger generation. Facebook has undeniably penetrated into different aspects of people’s life in Macau. This research is conducted in Macau and intended to \"identify\" and \"describe\" the Macau Facebook users life satisfaction, subjective happiness, and bonding and bridging social capital. The result generated from this research shall have implication and provide useful information for marketer on a wide span of marketing and product decisions on the segment of people age 45 and above. Results could also be employed for service planning and improvement by social workers and policy makers. This research shall be replicated for subjects in other countries and regions. This paper is part of an ongoing research on Facebook users aged 45 and above.","PeriodicalId":109568,"journal":{"name":"AARN: East Asia (Topic)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134098532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban Sustainability versus Green-Washing — Fallacy and Reality of Urban Regeneration in Downtown Seoul","authors":"T. Schuetze, L. Chelleri","doi":"10.3390/SU8010033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/SU8010033","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the planning paradigm shift related to the contested “urban renaissance” mega-project in Downtown Seoul (Korea). Similar to other global cities, over the last few decades, different mega-projects have been successfully implemented in Seoul. These projects have been considered engines for urban renewals and transformation. This paper builds on the analysis of the failure and re-framing planning strategy for the Green Corridor (GC) mega-project, part of the “Urban Renaissance Master Plan for Downtown Seoul”. The GC case reveals various critical insights for urban sustainability: (i) the current mega-projects’ sustainability fallacy, related to top-down, technocratic densification, and greening practices; and (ii) the untapped potential of Asian traditional and irregular small scale urban patterns, and their related socio-cultural value in addressing the renaissance of the long term urban sustainability. In particular, the discussed research findings point out that urban renaissance enabling sustainability principles requires integrated, small scale, incremental, and adaptive (stepwise) urban planning and design processes that go well beyond general strategies following the so-called “green growth” paradigm.","PeriodicalId":109568,"journal":{"name":"AARN: East Asia (Topic)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134096735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conceptualizing a Hybrid Approach in Enforcement and Compliance in China: Adapting Responsive Regulation and Confucian Doctrines to Regulate Commerce","authors":"Angus Young","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2308447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2308447","url":null,"abstract":"In the last few decades, China has transplanted a number of commercial laws from the West. However, without active enforcement of the laws, the Chinese economy in the mid to longer term is unlikely to benefits from the pledges of the new laws. This is not to say hefty number of prosecutions and successful litigation outcomes are unable to achieve the objects of the laws, rather this command and control approach creates an adversarial culture through protracted courtroom battles liken to a game of ‘cat and mouse’, not to mention the financial cost involved. Alternatively, regulators should combine regulatory innovations like responsive regulation pioneered by Ayres and Braithwaite with the Chinese business cultural values and practices to accomplish greater voluntary regulatory compliance. This approach would put the emphasis on forging a cooperative relationship between regulators and to bring about greater compliance with the spirit of the law. Adding to this is reviving elements of non-legal regulatory doctrine from Confucius that is a combination of moral precepts, hierarchical order and relational obligations between individuals and groups to compel voluntary compliance to codes of conducts known as ‘li’. And given Chinese business people belief in ‘guanxi’, this means relationships are valued more important than rules, embedded Confucian doctrines in regulation and compliance will be a sensible approach. In sum, enforcement should not be about ‘catch me if you can’. Instead, fostering a ‘culture of compliance’ with by adapting notions of responsive regulation by Ayres and Braithwaite with elements of Confucian legal doctrine will be more fitting for China.","PeriodicalId":109568,"journal":{"name":"AARN: East Asia (Topic)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123236298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Neoliberal Sunshine in Northwestern China: A Case Study of Government Sponsored Job Training Programs, Migration, and Poverty Alleviation in Gansu and Ningxia Provinces","authors":"KuoRay Mao, K. K. Pih","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3666313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3666313","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the 2009 Western China Migration and Labor Resources Survey (CMLRS), we explore several factors related to rural-urban migration and social stratification in Northwestern China. We find that the migrant labor regime within the neoliberal framework does little to alleviate poverty because the regime has failed to increase capital accumulation in rural villages in Northwestern China. To develop its northwestern region, we suggest that the Chinese government further lessen its control over the hukuo, or household registry system, to allow greater migration between the village and township levels.","PeriodicalId":109568,"journal":{"name":"AARN: East Asia (Topic)","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132228416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}