Current Therapeutic Research-clinical and Experimental最新文献

{"title":"Laparoendoscopic Single-Site Technique Contrasted with Conventional Laparoscopy in Cystectomy for Benign Ovarian Cysts","authors":"Xinru Jiang MM,&nbsp;Xin Zuo MM,&nbsp;Hongdi Zhu MM","doi":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To compare the laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) technique with conventional laparoscopy in cystectomy for benign ovarian cysts.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>A retrospective analysis was performed at Yixing People's Hospital from April 2020 until December 2021.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Thirty-seven patients using the LESS technique were compared with a control group of 45 patients who underwent a traditional laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy. There was no statistically significant difference in the perioperative hemoglobin level changes, cyst rupture rate, postoperative recovery of exhausting time, or pain score at 24 hours after surgery between the 2 groups (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). The mean operating time was significantly longer in the LESS group than that of the control group (88.38 ± 30.57 minutes vs 59.44 ± 24.22 minutes; <em>P</em> = 0.001). However, the length of postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in the LESS group (3.70 ± 0.57 days vs 4.38 ± 0.86 days; <em>P</em> = 0.001). In addition, total hospitalization expenses were higher in the LESS group (14,709.78 ± 1618.63 yuan vs 12,676.73 ± 1411.78 yuan; <em>P</em> = .001) and the satisfaction score was also significantly higher in the LESS group (<em>z</em> = –2.272; <em>P</em> = 0.023). After a follow-up time of 12 to 24 months, no patient in either group showed wound infection, umbilical hernia, or recurrent cysts.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The LESS technique for benign ovarian cystectomy is safe, feasible, and equally effective compared with the multiport laparoscopic oophorocystectomy. Although it currently costs more, patients with benign ovarian cysts are highly satisfied with the LESS technique.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10920,"journal":{"name":"Current Therapeutic Research-clinical and Experimental","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 100713"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4d/5a/main.PMC10372162.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9921991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and Performance of Narhinel 0.9% Sodium Chloride Monodose and Otrisal 0.74% Sodium Chloride Monodose Nasal Saline Solutions and Nasal Aspirators in Real-World Settings: Postmarket Clinical Follow-up Study Results","authors":"Mathieu M. Albasser PhD, MSc, BSc ,&nbsp;Edwin Sanchez MSc, BA ,&nbsp;Mariane B． Fernandes PhD, BPharm ,&nbsp;Nisha Patel BSc, MSc ,&nbsp;Petr Novak MUDr, MBA ,&nbsp;Martina Hagen PhD, MS","doi":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Blocked or stuffy nose is a common and bothersome symptom of colds, particularly for young children who are unable to clear their noses on their own. Nasal saline solutions and nasal aspirators are designed to gently cleanse and remove blocking nasal secretions.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To assess the safety and performance of 2 monodose isotonic saline solutions (Narhinel 0.9% and Otrisal 0.74% sodium chloride; GSK Consumer Healthcare SARL, a Haleon company, Nyon, Switzerland) and 2 nasal aspirators with disposable hard- and soft-nozzle refills used as a standalone or combination treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted 2 observational, online questionnaire-based, postmarket clinical follow-up studies in Europeans who had used any of the devices ≥1 time in the past 6 months. Coprimary objectives were to confirm the safety and performance of the saline solutions (Narhinel and Otrisal, Study 1) and nasal aspirators (with hard- and soft-nozzle refills, Study 2). Safety was assessed via the proportion of patients reporting adverse events and/or device malfunctions while using the devices within the previous 6 months, and performance was assessed by satisfaction rated on a 5-point scale, with “satisfied” and “very satisfied” being the highest performance ratings.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 1136 (Study 1) and 1237 (Study 2) questionnaires were initiated by volunteer participants. Less than 2% of participants reported adverse events for any evaluated product in the previous 6 months. Most participants were “satisfied” or “very satisfied” with the devices for their intended use, with 78% to 91% of participants in the Narhinel arm, 73%–94% in the Otrisal arm, 71% to 95% in the soft-nozzle arm, and 71% to 80% in the hard-nozzle arm giving these ratings.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These data support the safety and performance of 2 monodose saline solutions (Narhinel and Otrisal) for nasal cleansing, nasal moisturization, and/or loosening nasal secretions, and of nasal aspirators (with hard- and soft-nozzle refills) for clearing a blocked nose and removing nasal secretions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10920,"journal":{"name":"Current Therapeutic Research-clinical and Experimental","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 100725"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0011393X23000346/pdfft?md5=c3d422014fde8355d994a461edf8897f&pid=1-s2.0-S0011393X23000346-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135455594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxygen-Carrying Capacity of Perfluorohexyloctane, a Novel Eye Drop for Dry Eye Disease","authors":"Neal Stolowich Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Jason Vittitow Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Robert Kissling M.D. ,&nbsp;Douglas Borchman Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>One-hundred percent perfluorohexyloctane (PFHO) is a water-free, preservative-free eye drop approved by the Food and Drug Administration in the United States for the treatment of dry eye disease. PFHO has shown relief of dry eye signs and symptoms in clinical trials and has potent antievaporative action in vitro. The objective of this study was to measure the level of oxygen in PFHO.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>T1 relaxation times (time taken for proton spins to translate from a random alignment to an alignment with the main magnetic field) for fluorine-19 in perfluorohexyloctane were measured using fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The level of oxygen was interpolated from published data.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The hydrogen-1 and fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of PFHO were well resolved and the resonance assignments and intensities were as expected. The T1 values calculated for the CF₃ group resonance in the current study was 0.901 seconds and 1.12 seconds at 25 °C and 37 °C, respectively. The T1 values for the CF₂ group resonances increased by 17% to 24% with an increase in temperature from 25 °C to 37 °C. The mean (SD) partial pressure of oxygen in PFHO was calculated to be 257 (36) mm Hg and 270 (38) mm Hg at 25 °C and 37 °C, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The current study confirms that PFHO contains a significant amount of oxygen, more so than that calculated for tears in equilibrium with air. Once instilled on the eye, PFHO is not expected to be a barrier to the oxygen necessary for a healthy cornea and may in fact deliver nonreactive oxygen to the cornea to facilitate healing in patients with dry eye disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10920,"journal":{"name":"Current Therapeutic Research-clinical and Experimental","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 100705"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9b/87/main.PMC10313907.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10105538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of Contractility of Isolated Caprine Detrusor by the Calcium Channel Blocker Cilnidipine and Reversal by Calcium Channel Openers","authors":"Steffi A. Maria MD,&nbsp;Aniket Kumar PhD,&nbsp;Premila M. Wilfred MD,&nbsp;Margaret Shanthi MD,&nbsp;Jacob Peedicayil MD","doi":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cilnidipine is a fourth-generation calcium channel blocker that is clinically used to treat hypertension. It is a dihydropyridine that blocks L- and N-type calcium channels. The inhibitory effect of cilnidipine on isolated detrusor muscle contractility has not been studied. This study investigated the inhibitory effect of cilnidipine on isolated caprine (goat) detrusor muscle contractility and the reversal of the inhibition by calcium channel openers.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Fourteen caprine detrusor strips were made to contract using 80 mM potassium chloride before and after addition of three concentrations (20, 40, and 60 µM) of cilnidipine. Two reversal agents, the L-type calcium channel opener FPL64716, and the N-type calcium channel opener GV-58, were investigated for their ability to reverse the inhibitory effect of 40 µΜ cilnidipine on potassium chloride-induced detrusor contractility.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Cilnidipine caused a dose-dependent and statistically significant inhibition of detrusor contractility at all concentrations of cilnidipine used (20, 40, and 60 µΜ). The inhibitory effect of 40 µM cilnidipine on detrusor contractility was significantly reversed by the addition of FPL64716 and GV-58.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Cilnidipine inhibits the contractility of the isolated detrusor by blocking L- and N-type calcium channels. Cilnidipine could be evaluated for treating clinical conditions requiring relaxation of the detrusor such as overactive bladder.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10920,"journal":{"name":"Current Therapeutic Research-clinical and Experimental","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 100717"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10589763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49689186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methods of Determining Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Efficiency of Probiotics in Treatment: A Review","authors":"Geetika M. Ahlawat Ph. D. ,&nbsp;Prabhat K. Singh Ph. D.","doi":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent lifestyle-associated ailment linked to the gut microbiota that significantly influences patients' quality of life. A notable correlation exists between <em>Blastocystis</em> infections and susceptibility to IBS, with infected individuals exhibiting an increased likelihood of developing the condition. Despite promising results from using probiotics to modulate the gut microbiota and manage IBS, the precise mechanisms and potential risks remain unclear.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This review aims to explore the therapeutic potential of probiotics, particularly <em>Saccharomyces boulardii</em>, in the management of IBS, highlighting the role of the gut microbiota and the gut–brain axis in IBS pathophysiology.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A comprehensive literature survey was conducted to examine the association between gut microbiota and IBS, the role of probiotics in managing IBS, the mechanisms of their action, and the potential risks associated with their long-term use. Additionally, this study addresses the influence of <em>Blastocystis</em> infections on IBS susceptibility and evaluates various ongoing clinical trials investigating probiotic use for IBS.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><em>S boulardii</em>, a yeast species with probiotic properties, has demonstrated effectiveness in both the treatment and prophylaxis of IBS. Its administration is associated with a decrease in the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 8 and an increase in the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10. Probiotics appear to function by inhibiting the growth of pathogenic microorganisms and regulating neurotransmitter activity, influencing the gut–brain axis. However, selecting appropriate probiotic strains and dosing regimens is crucial because of potential adverse effects, such as infections and allergic reactions.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Probiotics, specifically <em>S boulardii</em>, offer a promising avenue for IBS management by modulating gut microbiota. However, further research is necessary to delineate the precise mechanisms of action, optimal strains, dosing regimens for IBS treatment, and potential risks associated with long-term use. A comprehensive approach incorporating probiotics, a low-FODMAP diet, and cognitive-behavioral therapy may provide effective management of IBS symptoms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10920,"journal":{"name":"Current Therapeutic Research-clinical and Experimental","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 100721"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0011393X23000309/pdfft?md5=12e51debe80674ab31a34c17b438530e&pid=1-s2.0-S0011393X23000309-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91955345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methotrexate Increases Serum Calcium Levels in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Retrospective Study at a Referral Hospital in Indonesia","authors":"Dika P. Destiani M. Pharm ,&nbsp;Vida M. Utami B. Pharm ,&nbsp;Syifa Farhanah B. Pharm ,&nbsp;Sofa D. Alfian PhD ,&nbsp;Sumartini Dewi PhD Prof. ,&nbsp;Syed A.S. Sulaiman PhD Prof. ,&nbsp;Rizky Abdulah PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a significant issue, particularly in bone health problems, because it can prolong diseases like secondary osteoporosis. Subsequently, the anchor of drug therapy for RA is methotrexate (MTX), which also has the potential to reduce the risk of secondary osteoporosis.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aims to examine the effect of MTX on calcium levels, an important parameter for monitoring bone health and the risk of secondary osteoporosis in patients with RA.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A retrospective study was carried out by collecting data from the medical records of patients, which included demographic and patient characteristics, treatment data (drug and dosage), duration of treatment, and calcium levels. All patients were diagnosed with RA and fell within the age range of 18 to 59 years. Additionally, the effectiveness of MTX therapy was compared with other treatments, categorizing patient data accordingly. Statistical analyses, such as χ² and ordinal regression, using IBM-SPSS Statistics version 25 (IBM-SPSS Inc, Armonk, New York) were used to establish associations between MTX treatment and calcium levels, reporting odds ratio and 95% CI values.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The data consisted of 123 patients with RA, comprising 99 who had a history of MTX use for more than 6 months and 24 who either did not use MTX or used it for &lt;6 months. The majority of patients were women and their ages ranged between 40 and 59 years. MTX monotherapy was the most used with a dose range of 7.5 to 15 mg. Furthermore, this study observed that patients treated with MTX between 7.5 and 15 mg have lower serum calcium levels than those who received 17.5 to 25 mg (<em>P</em> = 0.022; odds ratio = 5.663; 95% CI, 0.251–3.218). Most patients with RA using MTX maintained normal calcium levels. No significant differences were observed between single MTX therapy and combination therapy.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Although further investigation is needed, this study showed the potential properties of MTX in maintaining patients’ serum calcium levels, which may help to reduce the risk of secondary osteoporosis in patients with RA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10920,"journal":{"name":"Current Therapeutic Research-clinical and Experimental","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 100726"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0011393X23000358/pdfft?md5=9e11e420b0006eab491235a7f4a5667d&pid=1-s2.0-S0011393X23000358-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135715041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Budgetary Impact of 20-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Use for Adult Expatriates Living in Dubai","authors":"Mostafa Zayed MSc ,&nbsp;Jean Joury BS Pharm, CMD ,&nbsp;Mohamed Farghaly FRCGP ,&nbsp;Sara Al Dallal MD, MSc ,&nbsp;Bassam Mahboub MD ,&nbsp;Emily Kutrieb BA ,&nbsp;Ahuva Averin MPP","doi":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Dubai Health Authority currently recommends sequential administration of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) followed by (→) 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) to prevent pneumococcal disease among adults at elevated risk of illness. Despite recommendations, disease burden and associated costs remain substantial. A new 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20) recently received regulatory approval in the United Arab Emirates and has the potential to further reduce burden of pneumococcal disease.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To evaluate budget impact of use of novel PCV20 compared with current recommendations (ie, PCV13→PPV23) among expatriates in Dubai aged 50 to 99 years and those aged 19 to 49 years with risk factors.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A deterministic model depicted 5-year risks and costs of invasive pneumococcal disease and all-cause nonbacteremic pneumonia. Each year of the modeling horizon, persons could be vaccinated with either PCV20 or PCV13→PPV23 or remain unvaccinated; persons vaccinated during the modeling horizon were not eligible for vaccination in subsequent years. Annual vaccine uptake was assumed to be 5% in base cases analyses; higher uptake was considered in scenario analyses. Costs were discounted at 3.5% annually and reported in US dollars.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In base case, use of PCV20 alone would prevent an additional 13 cases of invasive pneumococcal disease, 31 cases of inpatient all-cause nonbacteremic pneumonia, 139 cases of outpatient all-cause nonbacteremic pneumonia, and 5 disease-related deaths compared with PCV13→PPV23. Medical care costs would be reduced by $354,000, and total vaccination costs would decrease by $4.4 million. PCV20 would therefore yield net budgetary impact of –$4.8 million, resulting in savings of $2.47 per-person per-year over 5 years. In scenarios with higher vaccine uptake, PCV20 prevented more cases and deaths and yielded greater budget savings (vs PCV13→PPV23).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>PCV20 would reduce burden and economic costs of pneumococcal disease among expatriates in Dubai compared with PCV13→PPV23 and would therefore be budget saving for private health insurers who cover the majority of this population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10920,"journal":{"name":"Current Therapeutic Research-clinical and Experimental","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 100698"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10121387/pdf/main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9744147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacotherapy for Infertility in Ghana: A Prospective Study on Prescription Patterns and Treatment Outcomes among Women undergoing Fertility Treatment","authors":"Stephen Mensah Arhin PhD ,&nbsp;Kwesi Boadu Mensah PhD ,&nbsp;Evans Kofi Agbeno MBChB, PhD ,&nbsp;Isaac Tabiri Henneh PhD ,&nbsp;Diallo Abdoul Azize MBChB, PhD ,&nbsp;Abigail Boateng MBChB ,&nbsp;Kwame Opoku-Agyeman PhD ,&nbsp;Charles Ansah MPhil, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Pharmacotherapy remains a first-line and major treatment option for couples struggling with infertility, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, where other expensive alternatives are rarely available. Despite the reliance on pharmacotherapy for treating infertility in the subregion, especially for those diagnosed with unexplained infertility, little is known about the actual influence of drug therapies on conception.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The study aimed to prospectively assess the prescription patterns and outcomes of pharmacotherapy for women undergoing fertility treatment in Ghana.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This prospective cohort study involved 482 infertile women presenting for fertility treatment in 4 fertility clinics in the Cape Coast Metropolis of Ghana between March 2019 and February 2021. A simple random sampling technique was used to recruit subjects for the study. The women were followed up for 12 months to assess the outcome of drug therapy on conception. Data analysis was done using Stata version 14. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between trends with dichotomous outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study identified that approximately 45.2% of the patients received monotherapy, whereas 24.1% received a combination of 2 drugs. Patients treated with a combination of 3 drugs were more likely to conceive (adjusted odds ratio = 4.10; 95% CI, 1.29–13.02; <em>P</em> = 0.02) than those without treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Patients treated with combination therapies had higher chances of conception than those without medications. However, a combination of nutritional and herbal therapies were associated with improved outcomes compared with conventional and nutritional supplements. The study's outcome could provide fertility specialists and stakeholders insight into choosing appropriate treatment options for prospective couples seeking fertility care. Consequently, fertility patients can access specific treatment options to meet their desired needs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10920,"journal":{"name":"Current Therapeutic Research-clinical and Experimental","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 100711"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8a/7a/main.PMC10372179.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9909218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Using Dexamethasone Tablets Vaginally for Improving Cervical Bishop Score in Nulliparous Pregnant Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"Masoumeh Farahani Assistant Professor ,&nbsp;Matineh Nirouei Doctor of Medicine ,&nbsp;Somaye Moghadam Bachelor of Midwifery ,&nbsp;Maryam Hashemnejad Assistant Professor ,&nbsp;Banafsheh Mashak Assistant Professor ,&nbsp;Tina Alinia Doctor of Medicine ,&nbsp;Sahar Torabi Bachelor of Midwifery","doi":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cervix ripening and labor induction are common interventions in obstetrics. For optimal maternal health, labor may be induced under certain situations to improve fetal survival outcomes. Labor induction of an unripe cervix can lead to complications; therefore, several approaches can facilitate the ripening process.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This randomized clinical trial was a triple-blind study that involved 84 pregnant nulliparous women enrolled between October 2019 and June 2021 in the labor ward of Kamali Hospital, Karaj, Iran. The pregnant women in the study underwent labor induction and were randomized into 2 groups: 1 group received vaginal dexamethasone and the other group was given a placebo.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There was no significant difference between the groups regarding maternal age, demographic characteristics, and initial Bishop score. The median second Bishop score (6 hours after intervention) was 3.5 in dexamethasone recipients and 3 in placebo recipients (<em>P</em> = 0.48). The median labor latent phase duration was 4 hours in dexamethasone recipients and 5 hours in placebo recipients (<em>P</em> = 0.57).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This randomized clinical trial demonstrated that administering dexamethasone tablets vaginally did not significantly improve cervical Bishop scores. (<em>Curr Ther Res Clin Exp</em>. 2023; 84:XXX–XXX). ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05070468.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10920,"journal":{"name":"Current Therapeutic Research-clinical and Experimental","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 100702"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10124091/pdf/main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9349767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Netarsudil versus Brimonidine in Eyes already Being Treated with Glaucoma Medications at a Single Academic Tertiary Care Practice: A Comparative Study","authors":"Alex T. Pham BS ,&nbsp;Chris Bradley PhD ,&nbsp;Corinne Casey OD ,&nbsp;Henry D. Jampel MD ,&nbsp;Pradeep Y. Ramulu MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Jithin Yohannan MD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2022.100689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.curtheres.2022.100689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Rho kinase inhibitors, such as netarsudil, are a relatively new class of medications recently introduced into the market for the treatment of glaucoma, the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the world. Previous clinical trials have studied netarsudil's efficacy when used as a first- or second-line agent but limited studies have investigated its effectiveness in the real world where it is more commonly used as a third, fourth, or fifth agent in combination with other topical medications. Equally important, prior studies have not compared its effectiveness to its peer medications in these settings.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering after initiation of netarsudil or brimonidine therapy in patients with glaucoma using &gt;2 medications for IOP management.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A chart review of 369 eyes from 279 patients followed at a single academic tertiary practice was performed with an institutional review board waiver of consent to compare IOP lowering after prescription of netarsudil (n = 176) versus brimonidine (n = 193) as a third, fourth, or fifth IOP-lowering agent. Patients were identified by querying the electronic medical record for those with a glaucoma-related diagnosis who were prescribed either medication. Five sequential IOP measurements were obtained to determine the mean change in IOP before and after treatment (ΔIOP = mean IOP_4,5 – mean IOP_1,2,3). A multilevel linear mixed-effects model assessed the influence of medication (independent variable) on ΔIOP (dependent variable). Additional independent variables of interest included the number of glaucoma medications at baseline, age, sex, glaucoma type and severity, race, and pretreatment IOP. Bootstrap analysis was performed to remove sampling bias and confirm mixed-effects model findings. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis evaluated the probability of requiring additional intervention within 3 years following the date of medication prescription.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The unadjusted mean (SD) ΔIOP for netarsudil and brimonidine was −2.20 (4.11) mm Hg and −2.21 (3.25) mm Hg, respectively (<em>P</em> = 0.484). The adjusted linear mixed-effects models and bootstrap analysis demonstrated that there was no statistical difference in IOP-lowering effectiveness between the medications. Netarsudil and brimonidine failed to adequately control IOP at similar rates with 42% and 47% probabilities of survival respectively by the 3-year follow-up (<em>P</em> = 0.520).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>When escalating pharmacologic therapy, the IOP-lowering effect of netarsudil appeared to be similar to that produced by brimonidine. (<em>Curr Ther Res Clin Exp</em>. 2023; 84:XXX–XXX)</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10920,"journal":{"name":"Current Therapeutic Research-clinical and Experimental","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 100689"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a5/76/main.PMC9792385.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10458993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}