Current Diabetes Reports最新文献

{"title":"Statins and Type 1 Diabetes: Impact on Cardiovascular Outcomes and surrogates. Systematic Review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Karen Feriz-Bonelo, Pablo Corral, María Bernarda Iriarte-Durán, Claudia Gómez-Giraldo, Natalia Nardelli, Oriana Arias Valderrama, María Camila Gómez-Ayala","doi":"10.1007/s11892-025-01613-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-025-01613-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of death in patients living with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Dyslipidemia is a frequent risk factor in this population. Although statin therapy has demonstrated cardiovascular (CV) benefits in diabetes overall, specific evidence in T1D remains limited. This systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of statins on clinical and surrogate atherosclerosis-related outcomes in patients with T1D without established ASCVD.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Statin use was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), with a pooled hazard ratio (HR) of 0.77 (95% CI: 0.70-0.84; low certainty), and a mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction of 30.3 mg/dL (95% CI: -47.02 to -13.58; moderate certainty). Reductions in ApoB and non-HDL cholesterol were also reported. We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines. Searches were performed in PubMed, EMBASE, and Epistemonikos from inception to June 2025 using terms related to T1D, statins, and primary prevention. Eleven studies were included-nine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two cohort studies. Six (four RCTs and two cohorts) were eligible for meta-analysis of two primary outcomes; the remaining were summarized narratively. Statin use in T1D patients without ASCVD was associated with improved lipid profiles and reduced MACE. These findings support considering statins as a preventive strategy in this population, although prospective studies with hard outcomes are needed to better identify patients most likely to benefit.</p>","PeriodicalId":10898,"journal":{"name":"Current Diabetes Reports","volume":"25 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145279129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Cardioprotective Effects of Adiponectin in Diabetes.","authors":"Tara Kazemi, Yuanjie Mao, Tina Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11892-025-01610-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-025-01610-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Adiponectin, a hormone secreted by adipocytes, plays a crucial role in maintaining metabolic balance and supporting cardiovascular health. Although it is known for its protective effects, such as improving insulin sensitivity, reducing inflammation, and maintaining endothelial function, there are paradoxical associations between high adiponectin levels and increased cardiovascular mortality-referred to as the \"adiponectin paradox\"-which complicates its clinical interpretation. This review explores the cardioprotective effects of adiponectin in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, focusing on its potential to regulate glucose metabolism and prevent cardiovascular complications.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>By reviewing key studies, the article evaluates adiponectin's diverse roles and compares its effects on cardiovascular outcomes across diabetes subtypes, especially in diabetic cardiomyopathy, with an emphasis on congestive heart failure. The findings underscore the importance of further research into therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating adiponectin levels, particularly for individuals with diabetes and congestive heart failure. Understanding the dual nature of adiponectin's effects is critical for developing target interventions to improve cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":10898,"journal":{"name":"Current Diabetes Reports","volume":"25 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145279166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Obesity and Weight Loss Interventions on Bone Health: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Andrea Palermo, Elena Tsourdi, Maria P Yavropoulou, Anda Mihaela Naciu, Gaia Tabacco, Polyzois Makras, Julien Paccou, Athanasios D Anastasilakis","doi":"10.1007/s11892-025-01609-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-025-01609-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review explores the effects of obesity and weight loss on bone and musculoskeletal health.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Obesity is associated with lower bone turnover, higher bone mineral density (BMD) and reduced risk of hip and wrist fractures, although ankle and lower leg fractures may be more frequent. In contrast, weight loss increases bone turnover, especially bone resorption, reduces BMD, especially at cortical sites, and increases fracture risk, especially at the hip and wrist. Skeletal adverse events depend on the magnitude of weight loss and are more prominent following bariatric surgery. Changes in mechanical loading, loss of muscle mass, hormonal alterations, and nutrient/vitamin deficiencies are implicated. Emerging anti-obesity medications may have a positive effect on bone and partially compensate the negative impact of weight loss. Regular exercise, vitamin D supplementation, adequate calcium and protein intake can mitigate these effects. Identification of the effects of excess body weight and the benefit-to-risk balance of weight loss interventions on bone health may help improve clinical management of invididuals with obesity and related metabolic disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":10898,"journal":{"name":"Current Diabetes Reports","volume":"25 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145250272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Scoping Review on Community-based Diabetes Screening Interventions: Paving the Pathway to Early Care and Prevention of Diabetes.","authors":"Aimen Zehra, David Gerstle, Fatema M Ali, Muhanad Ali, Cilia Mejia-Lancheros, Ghazal S Fazli","doi":"10.1007/s11892-025-01605-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11892-025-01605-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review mapped evidence on community-based screening interventions for early detection of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D), and identified barriers and strategies for developing and implementing such interventions in community settings for diverse populations.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Using the Arskey & O'Malley and Levac frameworks, we conducted a scoping review that identified 33 studies across 13 countries that developed and tested a community-based T2D screening intervention, utilizing risk assessment and Point-of-Care (POC) glucose testing. Screenings occurred in settings such as pharmacies (21%), faith-based centers (6%), and mobile vans (6%), with most studies from the United States (42%), Australia (16%), and Canada (9%). Post-screening, 89% of interventions offered referrals to primary care, while few connected participants to community programming. Barriers and strategies were mapped to the socioecological model to guide future development and implementation of early detection interventions in community settings. This review identified key factors for successful community-based T2D screening interventions, including adequate resources (i.e., funding and personnel), community engagement efforts, and accessible, feasible screening of T2D in community settings. POC testing proved valuable for early detection through immediate glucose results that would prompt potential interventions. However, challenges remain in ensuring long-term sustainability and feasibility of such approaches, as many interventions encountered high attrition rates due to challenges with referral pathways to health care and community programs, structural inequities, and lack of sustainable follow-up processes. Future research should focus on evaluating the cost-effectiveness and sustainable integration of these community-based T2D screening approaches into health systems for broader impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":10898,"journal":{"name":"Current Diabetes Reports","volume":"25 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12496278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Narrative Review on Sleep and Eating Behavior.","authors":"Wing Yee Cheng, Wai Sze Chan","doi":"10.1007/s11892-025-01611-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11892-025-01611-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the role of various sleep parameters-including sleep duration, sleep quality, sleep timing, social jetlag, and chronotype-in energy intake, macronutrient consumption, diet quality, and meal timing. We aim to evaluate whether existing evidence supports a causal impact of sleep on eating behavior and discuss the clinical implications of these findings for diabetes care and management.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>The impact of short sleep duration on eating behavior is the most widely studied and supported by experimental evidence suggesting that reduced sleep duration increases energy intake and promotes poorer diet quality. Later sleep timing is also associated with increased energy intake and poorer diet quality, and may interact with short sleep duration in influencing eating behavior. Chronotype, social jetlag, and sleep quality have also been linked to eating behavior; however, findings in these areas have been predominantly observational and cross-sectional, and may be confounded by co-occurring influences from other sleep parameters. Given the strength of the evidence for the role of sleep duration in eating behavior, future studies should evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of sleep extension interventions for controlling energy intake and improving diet quality in patients with type 2 diabetes. Further research should also clarify and distinguish the independent and interacting influences of multiple sleep parameters on eating behavior, as well as the potential effects of eating behavior on sleep.</p>","PeriodicalId":10898,"journal":{"name":"Current Diabetes Reports","volume":"25 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12484088/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145198741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting Metabolic Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease: The Role of GLP-1 Agonists in Body Weight Regulation and Neuroprotection.","authors":"Iciar Aviles-Olmos, Christian Espinoza-Vinces, Leyre Rogel Portugal, María Rosario Luquin","doi":"10.1007/s11892-025-01606-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11892-025-01606-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review explores the role of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in addressing metabolic dysfunction and neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD), focusing on body weight regulation and neuroprotection.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>GLP-1 RAs modulate insulin signaling, reduce neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, and improve mitochondrial functional mechanisms linked to neuroprotection. Clinical trials show modest but sustained improvements in motor symptoms and suggest benefits in cognition, mood, and apathy. While GLP-1 RAs induce weight loss in diabetes, their metabolic impact in normoglycaemic PD patients appears limited. However, individuals with obesity or insulin resistance may experience enhanced clinical and cognitive outcomes. GLP-1 RAs offer a multifaceted therapeutic strategy in PD, targeting both central neurodegenerative processes and peripheral metabolic dysfunction. Their potential for disease modification and symptom relief, particularly in specific phenotypes, supports their further exploration as part of a personalized treatment approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":10898,"journal":{"name":"Current Diabetes Reports","volume":"25 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a Protocol for Management of Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis.","authors":"Zulma Cardona, Jared G Friedman, Nevin Kamal, Diana J Oakes, Amisha Wallia, Grazia Aleppo, Sophia Brown, Courtney T Makowski, Kyle Ritter, Emily D Szmuilowicz","doi":"10.1007/s11892-025-01604-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11892-025-01604-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (euDKA) has been described since the 1970s, however the incidence appears to be increasing in association with the increased use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) medications. Traditional hospital-based DKA protocols in which an insulin infusion is adjusted based on glucose levels are not effective in euDKA due to the presence of euglycemia which limits the capacity for insulin administration. This review was completed to review the data on euDKA and introduce a protocol for targeted management of this condition.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Data comparing euDKA outcomes to traditional hyperglycemia DKA demonstrate longer hospital length of stay and mean time to anion gap closure in euDKA based on current DKA management standards. Furthermore, the increase in prescribing SGLT2i medications thereby increases the risk of euDKA. At present, there are no reported protocols specific for euDKA and it is not directly addressed in the most recent guidelines issued by Endocrinology specialty societies. We created a protocol within our hospital intensive care unit to standardize treatment of euDKA using fixed insulin infusion and titration of dextrose-containing fluids. The protocol has been approved by our hospital regulatory committees and is currently being utilized in intensive care units. Future studies should review ongoing safety and efficacy of protocol use in various hospital settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":10898,"journal":{"name":"Current Diabetes Reports","volume":"25 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12408655/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Guidance for Lipodystrophy Syndromes: From Diagnosis and Work-Up to Treatment.","authors":"Donatella Gilio, Maria Foss-Freitas, Elif A Oral","doi":"10.1007/s11892-025-01603-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11892-025-01603-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The goal of this review is to address the challenges in diagnosing and managing lipodystrophy syndromes.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Clinical and metabolic assessments, along with genetic analyses, are essential for tailoring medical care and providing appropriate genetic counseling. Efforts are underway to develop more objective diagnostic tools using imaging techniques or novel biomarkers. Leptin therapy has been a significant breakthrough for generalized lipodystrophy treatment; however, more effective treatments are still needed for partial and acquired forms. While gene editing and transcript modification strategies are being explored for specific forms of lipodystrophy, reducing the burden on adipocytes by lowering caloric intake remains a fundamental approach across all forms of the condition. As supporting data emerge, agents that reduce caloric intake may become integral to treatment algorithms. This review offers practical guidance for clinicians managing patients with lipodystrophy, highlighting advances in diagnosis, treatment, and ongoing challenges in clinical care.</p>","PeriodicalId":10898,"journal":{"name":"Current Diabetes Reports","volume":"25 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12405373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipodystrophy Syndromes: One Name but Many Diseases Highlighting the Importance of Adipose Tissue in Metabolism.","authors":"Maria Foss-Freitas, Donatella Gilio, Elif A Oral","doi":"10.1007/s11892-025-01602-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-025-01602-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10898,"journal":{"name":"Current Diabetes Reports","volume":"25 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12367897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identity with Diabetes: Unpacking an Overlooked but Essential Dimension of the Diabetes Experience.","authors":"Persis V Commissariat, Vicki S Helgeson, Deborah J Wiebe","doi":"10.1007/s11892-025-01600-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11892-025-01600-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the review: </strong>Identity is a fundamental, but understudied, aspect of the diabetes experience. Diabetes imposes many life changes, which likely impact self-perception. The current review explores the concept of identity with diabetes, implications for health, and processes to facilitate a positive identity.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Identity with diabetes has been explored as a dimension, process, and outcome. Research suggests the degree to which people integrate diabetes into identity is associated with diabetes self-management behaviors and psychosocial functioning, but glycemic outcomes are inconsistent. There is potential to support positive incorporation of diabetes into identity by targeting the physical, behavioral, emotional, and social implications of diabetes on the self. The current literature on diabetes identity is limited and varies in its conceptualization but consistently supports the need to positively integrate diabetes into identity to support health and well-being. Future research and practice should consider diabetes identity in order to understand and enhance the experiences of people with diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10898,"journal":{"name":"Current Diabetes Reports","volume":"25 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12354504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144854838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}