Cryobiology最新文献

{"title":"Effects of cryopreservation on the viability and function of Larimichthys crocea ovarian tissue.","authors":"Jiayi Chen, Meixia Chen, Zhaohan Sun, Kunhuang Han, Li Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.cryobiol.2026.105725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryobiol.2026.105725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cryopreservation of mature fish eggs and embryos remain major barriers to the preservation of maternal genetic information because of their large size and high yolk content. This study developed a cryopreservation protocol for ovarian tissue from juvenile large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) to preserve oogonial stem cells as an alternative approach. A screening of permeable and non-permeable cryoprotectants, alone and in combination, was performed using a simple two-step freezing procedure (-80°C for 1 h followed by liquid nitrogen immersion). Post-thaw cell viability was assessed by trypan blue exclusion, and the optimal combination of 10% Me₂SO, 15% PG, and 15% FBS was identified, yielding the highest viability of 72.12 ± 8.87%. Histology revealed that oogonia and Perinucleolus stage oocytes maintained intact morphology post-cryopreservation, whereas vitellogenic oocytes sustained significant cryodamage, including oolemma shrinkage, vacuolization, and rupture. qRT-PCR results further revealed upregulated germline stem cell markers of vasa, klf4, oct4, and nanos2, alongside downregulated sycp3 and nanog gene, suggesting that the high viability of oogonia, which consistent with the results of histology. In addition, ccnd1, rhoA, and cirbpa exhibited reduced transcript levels and hsp70 showed elevated levels, indicating that cryopreservation is associated with altered expression of genes involved in cell cycle regulation, cytoskeletal signaling, and stress response. Finally, functional validation via intraperitoneal transplantation into 12 dpf larvae confirmed that cryopreserved oogonia retained the abilities to migrate and colonize on the genital ridge at 15 days post-transplantation. The study established cryopreservation protocol of ovarian tissue that can effectively safeguard the oogonial stem cells, providing a feasible approach for conservation of maternal germplasm in L. crocea and serving as a valuable reference for germplasm conservation of other economically important and endangered fish species.</p>","PeriodicalId":10897,"journal":{"name":"Cryobiology","volume":"125 ","pages":"105725"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149227570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation of apoptotic genes and microRNAs by Shilajit in cryopreserved rooster sperm.","authors":"Zeynep Semen, Mustafa Yiğit Nizam, Murat Selçuk","doi":"10.1016/j.cryobiol.2026.105720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryobiol.2026.105720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cryopreservation imposes severe oxidative stress on avian spermatozoa, triggering apoptotic cascades that compromise fertility. Shilajit, a natural phytocomplex rich in fulvic acid, is known for its bioenergizing and antioxidant properties. However, its molecular mechanism of action in regulating the apoptotic machinery of rooster sperm remains unexplored. This study evaluated the effects of Shilajit supplementation on post-thaw rooster sperm kinematics and the relative abundance of selected apoptosis-associated mRNAs and stress-related miRNAs. Materials and methods: Pooled semen collected from Plymouth Rock roosters was diluted with Beltsville Poultry Semen Extender (BPSE) containing 5% glycerol and supplemented with Shilajit at final concentrations of 0 (Control), 5, 15, and 25 μg/mL. Following cryopreservation and thawing, sperm kinematic parameters were assessed using a Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA) system. The relative expression levels of apoptotic genes (p53, Bax, Bcl-2) and a panel of stress-related miRNAs (gga-miR-34a, -155, -146b, -26a, -215, -122) were quantified via qPCR. Shilajit supplementation did not significantly alter total or progressive motility, vitality, morphology, or the major CASA velocity and trajectory parameters compared with the Control (p > 0.05). Beat Cross Frequency (BCF) was higher at 15 μg/mL than at 25 μg/mL (p = 0.043), although neither group differed from the Control. Shilajit was also associated with distinct changes in the post-thaw sperm RNA profile. p53 mRNA was highest at 5 μg/mL, whereas Bax was lower at 15 and 25 μg/mL and Bcl-2 was lower across all Shilajit-treated groups. Five of the six examined miRNAs, including gga-miR-34a and gga-miR-155, were lower than the Control across all Shilajit concentrations, while gga-miR-146b showed a concentration-specific response. Shilajit supplementation produced limited effects on conventional post-thaw sperm-quality parameters but was associated with marked changes in apoptosis- and stress-associated sperm RNAs. The divergent mRNA response together with the broader reduction across the selected miRNAs indicates modulation of the post-thaw molecular profile in mature rooster spermatozoa. These findings support further investigation of the relationship between Shilajit-associated RNA changes and apoptosis, mitochondrial function, and reproductive competence.</p>","PeriodicalId":10897,"journal":{"name":"Cryobiology","volume":" ","pages":"105720"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149227482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryopreservation of chicken feather follicle-derived cells using chicken serum-based media: broadening cellular diversity in avian biobanking.","authors":"Bruna Dias Mota, Patrícia Reginato Facciotti, Naira Caroline Godoy Pieri, Caio Garcia Barbosa da Silva, Lauriene Luiza de Souza Munhoz, Raimundo Gonçalves Ferreira Netto, Sara Elizabeth Benavides Martínez, Byron Xavier Muñoz Muñoz, Vanessa Caroline da Silva, Carlos Eduardo Ambrósio, Daniele Dos Santos Martins","doi":"10.1016/j.cryobiol.2026.105722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryobiol.2026.105722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Feather follicles are dynamic and heterogeneous mini-organs containing epithelial, mesenchymal, pigmentary, and progenitor cell populations. However, cryopreservation studies have focused mainly on fibroblasts, and other follicular populations remain poorly explored. This study aimed to establish favorable cryopreservation conditions for cells isolated from growing feathers of Gallus gallus domesticus using chicken serum. Primary cultures were assessed by morphology, differentiation-associated staining, and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cells were cryopreserved for 60 days in media containing 10% or 80% chicken serum combined with 5%, 7.5%, or 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (Me₂SO). Post-thaw cell status was evaluated by Annexin V/propidium iodide flow cytometry immediately after thawing and after 72 h of recovery, and metabolic activity was assessed using a colorimetric tetrazolium assay. Cultures progressively became dominated by small, rounded cells arranged in compact colonies. Morphological and molecular findings were consistent with preferential maintenance of a population displaying epithelial-associated characteristics after culture and cryopreservation. Media containing 80% chicken serum produced more favorable post-thaw outcomes than media containing 10%, with lower late apoptosis immediately after thawing, greater metabolic recovery, and higher retention of adherent cells. Serum concentration accounted for 77.87% of the variation in metabolic activity and had a stronger effect than Me₂SO concentration. Overall, the 80% chicken serum formulations containing 5% or 7.5% Me₂SO showed the most consistent recovery across the evaluated endpoints. These findings support the use of chicken serum-based media for cryopreservation of feather follicle-derived cells and broaden the range of cellular resources available for avian biobanking and conservation-oriented biotechnologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10897,"journal":{"name":"Cryobiology","volume":"125 ","pages":"105722"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149227514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulatory mechanisms and application prospects of lipid metabolites in ovarian vitrification-induced cryoinjury.","authors":"Ruoxi Wu, Hui Ren, Jing Ma, Yan Zhang, Qiang Chen, Xinfeng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cryobiol.2026.105721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryobiol.2026.105721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ovarian vitrification is a core technology for female fertility preservation, ovarian function protection before chemoradiotherapy in cancer patients, and germplasm conservation in rare animals. Compared with slow freezing, vitrification is widely adopted for producing fewer ice crystals, causing less cryoinjury, and being operationally efficient. However, cold stress, abrupt osmotic shifts, and excessive oxidative stress during vitrification still induce ovarian cell apoptosis, plasma membrane disruption, and mitochondrial dysfunction, markedly reducing post-thaw survival and function. Lipids are essential structural components of ovarian tissue, oocyte plasma membranes, and organelle membranes; lipid metabolic homeostasis directly determines cellular cryotolerance and post-thaw developmental potential. Recent lipidomics studies have demonstrated that lipid metabolites such as fatty acids, cholesterol, sphingolipids, and carnitine alleviate ovarian vitrification-induced injury and improve cryopreservation outcomes by regulating membrane stability, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and follicular apoptotic signaling pathways. This review summarizes the mechanisms of lipid metabolism in mediating ovarian vitrification-induced cryoinjury, the regulatory roles of major lipid metabolites, key pre-freezing intervention strategies targeting ovarian lipid metabolism, current technological bottlenecks, and future prospects of lipid-targeted regulation in ovarian cryopreservation and fertility preservation. The aim is to provide a theoretical basis and technical reference for optimizing vitrification systems and improving thawed ovarian tissue quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":10897,"journal":{"name":"Cryobiology","volume":"125 ","pages":"105721"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Cryopreservation of Aurelia aurita larvae, a new model for understanding cryobiology in high-water content marine species” [Cryobiology 123 (2026) 105628]","authors":"Alba Lago,&nbsp;Jesus Troncoso,&nbsp;Estefania Paredes","doi":"10.1016/j.cryobiol.2026.105667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cryobiol.2026.105667","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10897,"journal":{"name":"Cryobiology","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 105667"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148270538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of techniques for cryopreserving giant clam larvae","authors":"Raul Emid Castillo,&nbsp;Sujune Tsai,&nbsp;Bonien Chen,&nbsp;Zhi-Hong Wen,&nbsp;Chiahsin Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.cryobiol.2026.105698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cryobiol.2026.105698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Giant clams (<em>Tridacna</em> spp.) are keystone reef organisms that play important ecological roles in Indo-Pacific coral reef ecosystems. However, their populations have declined substantially because of overexploitation, habitat degradation, and climate change. Cryopreservation offers a potential strategy for preserving genetic resources and supporting future conservation and restoration efforts. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of cryopreserving D-stage larvae of <em>Tridacna crocea</em> and <em>T</em>. <em>maxima</em> using a two-step freezing protocol. The effects of different cryoprotectants, concentrations, and equilibration times on post-thaw larval integrity and motility were assessed. Larval development was monitored using microscale culture techniques and microscopic observations. The results demonstrated species-specific responses to cryopreservation treatments, with <em>T. maxima</em> generally exhibiting greater cryotolerance than <em>T. crocea</em>. Ethylene glycol produced the highest larval integrity percentage (LIP) in both species. In addition, glycerol and propylene glycol yielded relatively high LIP values in <em>T. crocea</em>, whereas methanol and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) performed more effectively in <em>T. maxima</em>. Post-thaw motility was observed only in a limited number of treatment groups, with the highest motility recorded in larvae treated with 0.75 M glycerol for 30 min and 0.5 M DMSO for 20 min. In contrast, non-cryopreserved control larvae exhibited a progressive decline in motility during culture, decreasing to 12.1% in <em>T. maxima</em> and 4.0% in <em>T. crocea</em> after 24 h. To our knowledge, this study represents the first investigation of cryopreservation in tridacnid D-stage larvae. Although post-thaw motility remained limited, the successful preservation of larval structural integrity demonstrates the potential of cryopreservation as a conservation tool for giant clams. Further optimization of species-specific cryopreservation protocols will be necessary to improve post-thaw recovery and support long-term genetic resource banking.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10897,"journal":{"name":"Cryobiology","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 105698"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In memoriam Kenneth B. Storey – Cryobiologist","authors":"Shannon N. Tessier ,&nbsp;Boris Rubinsky ,&nbsp;John G. Baust ,&nbsp;Jennifer E. Storey","doi":"10.1016/j.cryobiol.2026.105646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cryobiol.2026.105646","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10897,"journal":{"name":"Cryobiology","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 105646"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148177818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryopreservation of Aurelia aurita larvae, a new model for understanding cryobiology in high-water content marine species.","authors":"Alba Lago, Jesus Troncoso, Estefania Paredes","doi":"10.1016/j.cryobiol.2026.105628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cryobiol.2026.105628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cryopreservation of marine species is a key tool for biodiversity conservation, population management, and the advance of aquaculture and biological research. Currently exist significant progress in the cryopreservation of gametes, embryos, larvae and even juveniles of several genus of marine invertebrates. However, cnidarians, and particularly jellyfish, remain largely underexplored. In this study, we report on the first successful cryopreservation of Aurelia aurita ephyrae, the first larval stage of this jellyfish species. This species is characterized by extremely high-water content (96.3 %), which represents a unique challenge in the method of cryopreservation. In this study we done toxicity tests using different concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 6 M of dimethyl sulfoxide (Me₂SO). On the other hand, we designed two cocktails of cryoprotectants and evaluated the efficiency in a protocol of cryopreservation. The first one is based on 1 M Me₂SO + 0.5 M dimethylformamide (DMF) and the second used 1.5 M Me₂SO with 0.04 M trehalose (TRE) and 1 % BSA as a post-thaw supplement. The first protocol achieved 100 % survival immediately after thawing and 33 % survival at 48 h, while the second maintained a consistent 33 % survival across both time points. The damage and viability of the larvae was assessed using live/dead fluorescence dye and allowed confirming the integrity of surviving individuals. These results mark the first demonstration of successful cryopreservation protocol for jellyfish larvae and represent a significant advance for the ex-situ conservation of gelatinous zooplankton. This work lays the foundation for further research into cryopreservation protocols for marine species, understand most better water flow for organisms with high water content and opens new possibilities for marine biodiversity conservation and cnidarian model systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":10897,"journal":{"name":"Cryobiology","volume":"123 ","pages":"105628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147615819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of cryopreservation on pollen viability and morphological integrity of five Indian Crinum species","authors":"Harshid Pulparambil ,&nbsp;P.E. Rajasekharan ,&nbsp;N.S. Pradeep","doi":"10.1016/j.cryobiol.2026.105586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cryobiol.2026.105586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Crinum</em> species are ornamental plants of high horticultural value and medicinal importance, known for their bioactive alkaloids with neurological and anticancer properties. Sustainable use and genetic conservation of <em>Crinum</em> require reliable long-term germplasm conservation strategies, and pollen cryopreservation offers an effective approach by enabling year-round breeding and conservation independent of seasonal and geographic constraints. This study presents the first species-comparative evaluation of pollen germination behaviour and cryopreservation responses in five ecologically contrasting Indian <em>Crinum</em> species (<em>C. asiaticum</em>, <em>C. latifolium, C. malabaricum</em>, <em>C. lorifolium and C. viviparum</em>). <em>In vitro</em> pollen germination treatments with varying sucrose (1–10 %) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentrations were optimized, species-specific critical moisture contents were determined, and pollen viability was assessed before and after cryostorage at −196 °C for up to 180 days. Distinct, habitat-linked germination responses were observed: aquatic and semi-aquatic species achieved optimal germination (&gt;91 %) only under PEG-mediated osmotic regulation, whereas terrestrial species performed best in sucrose-only treatments. Precise moisture content ranges (12–18 %) were identified as critical for maximizing post-cryopreservation viability, with small deviations resulting in marked germination loss. Cryopreserved pollen retained high functional competence, with minimal viability decline (&lt;5 %) after 180 days, and scanning electron microscopy revealed only minor, non-critical ultrastructural changes. By linking pollen osmotic sensitivity, ecological adaptation, and cryotolerance within a single genus, this study advances pollen cryobiology beyond empirical optimization and provides biologically informed, species-specific protocols for pollen cryobanking. These findings strengthen the scientific basis for <em>ex situ</em> conservation, germplasm exchange, and breeding programmes targeting horticultural and medicinal improvement of <em>Crinum</em> species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10897,"journal":{"name":"Cryobiology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 105586"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146073865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced prevention of cell death by hypothermic storage with propyl gallate","authors":"Xiaodong Li ,&nbsp;Ryan Chan ,&nbsp;Xinglan Li ,&nbsp;Qiunong Guan ,&nbsp;Jingyi Li ,&nbsp;Xiaowei Li ,&nbsp;Haofeng Li ,&nbsp;Shadan Li ,&nbsp;Caigan Du","doi":"10.1016/j.cryobiol.2025.105562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cryobiol.2025.105562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current hypothermic preservation solutions <strong>are</strong> insufficient to prevent donor organ injury <strong>during hypothermic</strong> storage, which negatively impacts graft functional recovery and survival after transplantation. This study was to evaluate whether supplementation of the preservation solutions with antioxidant propyl gallates (PG) reduced cell injury during hypothermic storage and subsequently rewarming-reoxygenation or transplantation. Human cells and rat aorta were stored in University of Wisconsin (UW) or hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) solution supplemented with PG at 4 °C, followed by rewarming-reoxygenation with atmospheric O₂ at 37 °C and isotransplantation, respectively. Cell or tissue injury was measured by lactate dehydrogenase release, flow cytometric and histologic analyses. Here, we showed that PG supplementation significantly increased antioxidative activities of both UW and HPG solutions, and its concentrations for maximum protection of different human cells from hypothermic storage-induced cell death were estimated between 25 and 50 μM, which was also indicated by increased cell survival or decreased cell apoptosis during rewarming-reoxygenation. The PG cytoprotection was correlated with its inhibition of lipid peroxidation, prevention of mitochondrial dysfunction or an increase in ATP content. The enhanced cytoprotection of preservation solutions by PG supplementation was confirmed in hypothermic storage of rat aortas, indicated by less tissue damage and higher levels of tissue ATP during the hypothermic storage and less chronic injury after transplantation. In c<strong>onclusion, cell injury during hypothermic</strong> storage and subsequently rewarming-reoxygenation was substantially prevented by the hypothermic preservation with PG, suggesting that PG is a promising antioxidant for hypothermic preservation of donor cells or organs in transplantation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10897,"journal":{"name":"Cryobiology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 105562"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145615983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}