Current Opinion in Oncology最新文献_第9页

The role of signaling lymphocyte activation molecule family receptors in hematologic malignancies. 信号淋巴细胞活化分子家族受体在血液恶性肿瘤中的作用。

IF 2.8 4区医学

Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-19 DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000001067

Louis Boafo Kwantwi, Steven T Rosen, Christiane Querfeld

引用次数: 0

Combination treatment with PD1/PDL-1 inhibitors for sarcomas: state of the art, next questions. 肉瘤的PD1/PDL-1抑制剂联合治疗：最新进展和下一个问题。

IF 3.4 4区医学

Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000001050

Javier Martin-Broto, Nadia Hindi, David S Moura

{"title":"Combination treatment with PD1/PDL-1 inhibitors for sarcomas: state of the art, next questions.","authors":"Javier Martin-Broto, Nadia Hindi, David S Moura","doi":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001050","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001050","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Only a small fraction of sarcomas exhibit recognized parameters of immune sensitivity, such as tumor mutational burden, PDL-1 expression, or microsatellite instability. Combined strategies aimed to modulate tumor microenvironment to increase the efficacy of PD1/PDL-1 inhibitors in sarcoma. Most explored prospective studies were based on combinations of PD1/PDL-1 inhibitors with antiangiogenics, other immune checkpoints, or chemotherapy.Recent findings: Results on 6-month PFS rate, median PFS, and ORR in trials using PD1/PDL-1 inhibitors plus antiangiogenics ranged respectively as 46.9-55%, 4.7-7.8 months and 21-36.7%. In combination with other immune checkpoint inhibitors, the results of median PFS and ORR ranged from 2.8-4.1 months and 10-16%, respectively. In combination with chemotherapy, the best results were obtained with doxorubicin-based regimens compared to other agents. Duplet-based chemotherapy plus anti-PD1/PDL-1 obtained the highest ORR (56.2%) compared with doxorubicin (19-36.7%). Currently, the most robust predictive biomarker for anti-PD1/PDL-1 efficacy is the presence of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) with mature dendritic cells.Summary: Even when direct comparisons between PD1/PDL-1 inhibitor-based combinations and single agents have not been performed yet in sarcoma, some combinations appear promising. Studies controlling heterogeneity by biomarker or histotype selection contribute to an increase in efficacy or knowledge crucial for future comparative trials.","PeriodicalId":10893,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"269-275"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140897344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sarculator: how to improve further prognostication of all sarcomas. Sarculator: 如何进一步改善所有肉瘤的预后。

IF 3.4 4区医学

Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000001051

Alessandra Borghi, Alessandro Gronchi

{"title":"Sarculator: how to improve further prognostication of all sarcomas.","authors":"Alessandra Borghi, Alessandro Gronchi","doi":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001051","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001051","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Prognostication of soft tissue sarcomas is challenging due to the diversity of prognostic factors, compounded by the rarity of these tumors. Nomograms are useful predictive tools that assess multiple variables simultaneously, providing estimates of individual likelihoods of specific outcomes at defined time points. Although these models show promising predictive ability, their use underscores the need for further methodological refinement to address gaps in prognosis accuracy.Recent findings: Ongoing efforts focus on improving prognostic tools by either enhancing existing models based on established parameters or integrating novel prognostic markers, such as radiomics, genomic, proteomic, and immunologic factors. Artificial intelligence is a new field that is starting to be explored, as it has the capacity to combine and analyze vast and intricate amounts of relevant data, ranging from multiomics information to real-time patient outcomes.Summary: The integration of these innovative markers and methods could enhance the prognostic ability of nomograms such as Sarculator and ultimately enable more accurate and individualized healthcare. Currently, clinical variables continue to be the most significant and effective factors in terms of predicting outcomes in patients with STS. This review firstly introduces the rationale for developing and employing nomograms such as Sarculator, secondly, reflects on some of the latest and ongoing methodological refinements, and provides future perspectives in the field of prognostication of sarcomas.","PeriodicalId":10893,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"253-262"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140897370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

State-of-the-art and upcoming trends in RAS-directed therapies in gastrointestinal malignancies. 胃肠道恶性肿瘤中 RAS 引导疗法的最新进展和未来趋势。

IF 3.4 4区医学

Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000001042

Pieterjan Vanclooster, Sofie Seghers, Hans Prenen

{"title":"State-of-the-art and upcoming trends in RAS-directed therapies in gastrointestinal malignancies.","authors":"Pieterjan Vanclooster, Sofie Seghers, Hans Prenen","doi":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001042","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001042","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Overall, the review underscores the evolving landscape of KRAS-targeted therapy and the potential for these approaches to improve outcomes for patients with gastrointestinal malignancies. It highlights the importance of ongoing research and clinical trials in advancing precision medicine strategies for KRAS-driven cancers. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the RAS signaling pathway and its significance in gastrointestinal malignancies.Recent findings: The introduction of KRAS inhibitor represents a significant advancement in the treatment landscape for KRAS-mutant cancers. In this review, we discuss upcoming trends in KRAS-targeted therapy, including the development of mutant-specific direct KRAS inhibitors like MRTX1133 and pan-RAS inhibitors such as RMC-6236. It also explores indirect RAS inhibitors targeting upstream and downstream components of the RAS pathway. Additionally, the review examines other upcoming strategies like combination therapies, such as CDK4/6 and ERK MAPK inhibitors, as well as adoptive cell therapy and cancer vaccines targeting KRAS-mutant cancers.Summary: Targeting RAS has become an important strategy in treating gastrointestinal cancer. These findings in this review underscore the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, integrating advances in molecular profiling, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and clinical research to optimize treatment strategies for patients with KRAS-mutant gastrointestinal malignancies.","PeriodicalId":10893,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"313-319"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140897490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond 'the good, the bad and the ugly': let us put rectal cancer patients at the centre of the decision making. 超越 "好、坏、丑"：让我们将直肠癌患者置于决策中心。

IF 3.4 4区医学

Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000001044

Francesco Sclafani, Chiara Conti, Chiara Gallio, Alain Hendlisz

引用次数: 0

New targeted therapies in liposarcoma: state of art and future perspectives. 脂肪肉瘤的新型靶向疗法：最新进展与未来展望。

IF 3.4 4区医学

Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000001055

Andrea Franza, Chiara Fabbroni, Sandro Pasquali, Paolo Giovanni Casali, Roberta Sanfilippo

{"title":"New targeted therapies in liposarcoma: state of art and future perspectives.","authors":"Andrea Franza, Chiara Fabbroni, Sandro Pasquali, Paolo Giovanni Casali, Roberta Sanfilippo","doi":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001055","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001055","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Liposarcomas (LPSs) represent the most common soft tissue sarcoma (STS) subtype, and exhibit distinct clinical molecular features according to histological subgroup. Chemotherapy (ChT), and in particular anthracycline-based schedules, still remains the standard of treatment for all LPS forms. However, given the increasing knowledge gained throughout last years about LPS molecular biology and their genomic profiling, new therapeutic alternatives with targeted drugs are now to be considered. In this review, we will highlight most promising ongoing and published clinical trials regarding targeted therapies in LPSs and provide some insights about future approaches and possible new treatment options for this rare disease.Recent findings: Among all the explored targets, mouse double minute 2 homolog amplification and CKD4-Rb axis inhibition seem to be the most promising target in well differentiated/dedifferentiated LPS subtype. On the other hand, myxoid LPS is known to have a particular sensitivity for trabectedin, which acts like a targeted drug due to its specific action on cellular DNA. In addition to these, multiple other strategies are now being evaluated in LPSs, including the administration of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and 'new-old' cytotoxic agents, such as cabazitaxel, in a continuously growing scenario.Summary: Although preliminary, results of recently published and ongoing examined clinical trials will hopefully be translated in clinical practice in the next future, leading the way to future research in this rare disease.","PeriodicalId":10893,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"291-296"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140897353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emerging therapies in Ewing sarcoma. 尤文肉瘤的新疗法

IF 3.4 4区医学

Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000001048

Sandra J Strauss, Pablo Berlanga, Martin G McCabe

{"title":"Emerging therapies in Ewing sarcoma.","authors":"Sandra J Strauss, Pablo Berlanga, Martin G McCabe","doi":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001048","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001048","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: There is an unmet need to improve outcomes for patients for Ewing sarcoma, a rare, aggressive sarcoma with a peak incidence in adolescents and young adults (AYA). Current therapy at diagnosis involves multiagent chemotherapy and local therapy, but despite intensification of treatment, those with metastases at diagnosis and recurrent disease have poor outcomes.Recent findings: Improved understanding of Ewing sarcoma biology has identified novel targets with promising activity in Ewing sarcoma patients, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors that are now undergoing evaluation as combination and maintenance therapy. Other emerging therapies include those that target the EWSR1::FLI1 fusion oncoprotein, and act on DNA damage, cell cycle and apoptotic pathways. Immunotherapeutic approaches, particularly CAR-T-cell therapy directed at GD2, also hold promise. Recent collaborative clinical trials that have defined an international standard of care for patients with newly diagnosed Ewing sarcoma and novel platform studies with adaptive designs offer unique opportunities to investigate these therapies inclusive of all ages.Summary: Close international collaboration between clinicians and biologists will allow us to prioritize promising emerging therapies and develop biomarkers to facilitate their incorporation into standard of care and more rapidly translate into benefit for Ewing sarcoma patients.","PeriodicalId":10893,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"297-304"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11155282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141075578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Health education in cancer patients: a renewed paradigm of "active" prevention. 癌症患者的健康教育："积极 "预防的新模式。

IF 3.4 4区医学

Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000001053

Antonietta Iasiello

引用次数: 0

Monitoring advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor with circulating tumor DNA. 用循环肿瘤 DNA 监测晚期胃肠道间质瘤

IF 3.4 4区医学

Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000001040

David Gómez-Peregrina, Carlo Maria Cicala, César Serrano

{"title":"Monitoring advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor with circulating tumor DNA.","authors":"David Gómez-Peregrina, Carlo Maria Cicala, César Serrano","doi":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001040","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001040","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review explores the role of circulating tumor (ct)DNA as a biomarker for clinical decision-making and monitoring purposes in metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) patients. We discuss key insights from recent clinical trials and anticipate the future perspectives of ctDNA profiling within the clinical landscape of GIST.Recent findings: The identification and molecular characterization of KIT/platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) mutations from ctDNA in metastatic GIST is feasible and reliable. Such identification through ctDNA serves as a predictor of clinical outcomes to tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in metastatic patients. Additionally, conjoined ctDNA analysis from clinical trials reveal the evolving mutational landscapes and increase in intratumoral heterogeneity across treatment lines. Together, this data positions ctDNA determination as a valuable tool for monitoring disease progression and guiding therapy in metastatic patients. These collective efforts culminated in the initiation of a ctDNA-based randomized clinical trial in GIST, marking a significant milestone in integrating ctDNA testing into the clinical care of GIST patients.Summary: The dynamic field of ctDNA technologies is rapidly evolving and holds significant promise for research. Several trials have successfully validated the clinical utility of ctDNA in metastatic GIST, laying the foundations for its prospective integration into the routine clinical management of GIST patients.","PeriodicalId":10893,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"282-290"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140897346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sarcoma incidence worldwide: regional differences in histology and molecular subtypes. 全球肉瘤发病率：组织学和分子亚型的地区差异。

IF 3.4 4区医学

Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000001046

Ming-Jing Lee, Tom Wei-Wu Chen

{"title":"Sarcoma incidence worldwide: regional differences in histology and molecular subtypes.","authors":"Ming-Jing Lee, Tom Wei-Wu Chen","doi":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001046","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001046","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: There are numerous sarcoma subtypes and vary widely in terms of epidemiology, clinical characteristics, genetic profiles, and pathophysiology. They also differ widely between ethnic groups. This review focuses on the different incidence rates of sarcomas in different regions and the potential explanations for these disparities.Recent findings: In an intercontinental study using national cancer registry databases from France and Taiwan, the French population had a higher risk of liposarcomas, leiomyosarcomas, and synovial sarcomas, whereas the Taiwanese population had a higher incidence of angiosarcomas and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. The anatomical distribution of these sarcomas also varied between these two regions. In France, most angiosarcoma cases occurred in the extremities and trunk, whereas in Taiwan, angiosarcoma cases in the abdomen and pelvis were more common. Another international study showed that in addition to the common known TP53 and NF1 germline mutations, genes involved in centromere and telomere maintenance were also involved in sarcomagenesis. We reviewed factors related to genetics, environmental effects, chemical exposure, and radiation exposure that could explain the differences in sarcoma incidence among different geographical or ethnic regions.Summary: Our understanding of the potential cause of sarcomas with different subtypes is limited. Establishing a comprehensive global database for patients with sarcomas from all ethnic groups is essential to deepen our understanding of the potential risk factors and the pathophysiology of all sarcoma subtypes.","PeriodicalId":10893,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"276-281"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140897358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0