Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases最新文献_第6页

Complexities in evaluation and management of infectious myelopathies. 感染性脊髓病的评估和管理的复杂性。

IF 4.5 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-29 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001204

Andreu Vilaseca, Michel Toledano, Eoin P Flanagan

{"title":"Complexities in evaluation and management of infectious myelopathies.","authors":"Andreu Vilaseca, Michel Toledano, Eoin P Flanagan","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001204","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001204","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To review recent advances in infectious myelopathies and integrate them into a practical, syndrome-based approach that supports early recognition, guides testing, and avoids pitfalls.Recent findings: Advances in MRI pattern recognition and pathogen-specific diagnostics have refined the evaluation of infectious myelopathies, with strategies tailored to geographic epidemiology, host susceptibility, and distinction from immune-mediated causes. During the COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2-associated myelopathy emerged as a rare para- or postinfectious cause of myelitis. The pandemic coincided with a decline in enterovirus outbreaks and acute flaccid myelitis, which are now re-emerging, underscoring the importance of epidemiologic surveillance. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing is useful in suspected infectious myelopathy because it can identify unexpected pathogens from cerebrospinal fluid, but its imperfect sensitivity and contamination risk mean it should complement rather than replace conventional testing. Growing recognition of compartmentalized central nervous system inflammation and cerebrospinal fluid viral escape in HIV myelopathy has shifted management toward antiretroviral resistance patterns and treatment optimization. Therapeutic advances remain limited and largely pathogen-specific, although targeted approaches such as mogamulizumab for HTLV-1-associated myelopathy are promising.Summary: Recent progress in infectious myelopathies has been driven by improved pathogen detection and more tailored diagnostic strategies, although treatment advances are beginning to emerge.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":"39 3","pages":"227-239"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147765193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An update on infectious encephalitis: from epidemiology to management. 传染性脑炎的最新进展：从流行病学到管理。

IF 4.5 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001192

Roba El Zibaoui, Arun Venkatesan

{"title":"An update on infectious encephalitis: from epidemiology to management.","authors":"Roba El Zibaoui, Arun Venkatesan","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001192","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001192","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Infectious encephalitis (IE) is a serious neurological condition that poses a major global health threat. This review summarizes emerging pathogens, particularly arboviruses, updated diagnostic strategies, and evolving treatment approaches, emphasizing ongoing gaps in diagnosis and management.Recent findings: Established arboviruses such as West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Powassan virus, and Eastern Equine virus have regained attention due to their geographic expansion and the appearance of distinct genotypes. In parallel, increasing reports of encephalitis by newly emerging pathogens such as Oropouche virus and scrub typhus speak to the evolving nature of the epidemiology of IE. Advances in diagnostics, including multiplex PCR and metagenomic next-generation sequencing, have enhanced the breadth and accuracy of pathogen identification. As treatment options remain scarce, the role of immunomodulatory agents and novel antiviral molecules in the management of IE is actively being investigated.Summary: The emergence of novel and reemerging pathogens highlights the need for rapid, accurate diagnostics. Advanced molecular techniques and the identification of novel therapeutic targets have the potential to change the landscape of IE. However, strengthening surveillance and vaccination strategies, along with ongoing efforts in vaccine development, remain crucial for optimizing patient outcomes, increasing public health preparedness, and mitigating future outbreaks.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"208-217"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147688811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic mechanisms underlying host susceptibility to central nervous system viral infections. 宿主对中枢神经系统病毒感染易感性的遗传机制。

IF 4.5 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-02 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001193

Rohit Benjamin, Darshan Pandya, Avindra Nath

{"title":"Genetic mechanisms underlying host susceptibility to central nervous system viral infections.","authors":"Rohit Benjamin, Darshan Pandya, Avindra Nath","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001193","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001193","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To provide a critical review of the literature on the influence of host genetic variations on the susceptibility to viral encephalitis, and the proposed underlying key immunogenetic mechanisms.Recent findings: Easier access to genomic sequencing has led to the identification of an ever-increasing number of monogenic defects and polymorphisms in genes that influence innate viral sensing, interferon signaling, cytotoxic lymphocyte function, antibody responses, cytokine regulation, and blood-brain barrier stability. While many of these genetic abnormalities have been implicated in neuroinvasion, severe or persistent viral infections, or inflammatory injury, the body of evidence supporting these possibilities is highly variable. We summarize each of the pathways in which these mutations have been described and discuss the evidence that supports their etiopathogenic role in viral encephalitis.Summary: CNS viral infections may be predisposed to by specific vulnerabilities in immune homeostasis. Understanding convergent genetic mechanisms supports precision diagnostics, risk-stratification, and pathway-directed therapy.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":"39 3","pages":"249-262"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13152076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147765251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perioperative surgical prophylaxis in the era of multidrug-resistant gram-negatives. 耐多药革兰氏阴性时代的围手术期手术预防。

IF 4 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001179

Christian Eckmann, Nana-Maria Wagner

{"title":"Perioperative surgical prophylaxis in the era of multidrug-resistant gram-negatives.","authors":"Christian Eckmann, Nana-Maria Wagner","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001179","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001179","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To present the current knowledge and recent developments regarding intravenous perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) for patients undergoing abdominal surgery who are colonized with multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GN).Recent findings: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a frequent cause of postoperative morbidity and mortality in abdominal surgery. PAP is one of the key measures to reduce SSI rates. The number of patients colonized with MDR-GN is increasing globally. Recent evidence indicates that the combination of risk-adapted screening and targeted prophylaxis in patients being colonized with MDR-GN and undergoing elective abdominal surgery can substantially decrease SSI rates. Preoperative decolonization procedures have not been shown to be effective so far.Summary: In cases of proven MDR-GN colonization, targeted prophylaxis reduces postoperative SSI rates in abdominal surgery. Further clinical research is necessary to more accurately define the risk collectives for MDR-GN colonization in order to optimize screening procedures and effectiveness of targeted prophylaxis. Furthermore, clinical research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of innovative decolonization procedures and specific antibiotics to be used for targeted PAP in patients colonized with carbapenem-resistant bacteria.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"83-89"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145762500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Skin signs of invasive fungal diseases: diagnostic clues for clinicians. 侵袭性真菌疾病的皮肤征象：临床医生的诊断线索。

IF 4.5 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001180

Susanne Fadlalla, Rosanne Sprute, Philipp Koehler, Harald Seifert, Oliver A Cornely

{"title":"Skin signs of invasive fungal diseases: diagnostic clues for clinicians.","authors":"Susanne Fadlalla, Rosanne Sprute, Philipp Koehler, Harald Seifert, Oliver A Cornely","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001180","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001180","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To emphasize the diagnostic value of cutaneous manifestations in disseminated invasive fungal disease (IFD). IFD carry high mortality and diagnosis is often delayed, while early recognition is crucial for patient outcomes. This review focuses on skin manifestations of fungi of highest relevance according to the WHO: Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., Mucorales, Fusarium spp., and Scedosporium spp.Recent findings: Cutaneous signs in disseminated candidiasis typically manifest as maculopapular or nodular lesions. Frequency and morphology vary depending on the Candida spp. involved. Secondary cutaneous aspergillosis presents with variable morphologies, including erythematous papules, ulcerative nodules, hemorrhagic bullae, or necrotic eschars, and may appear before standard diagnostic tests yield positive results. In invasive fusariosis, lesions typically present as vesicles or papules and progress to necrotic eschars. The morphology of skin manifestations of generalized mucormycosis varies according to the underlying disease. The formation of a necrotic eschar is considered pathognomonic. In disseminated scedosporiosis, cutaneous manifestations include ecchymoses, hemorrhagic bullae, necrotic papules, ulcers, or infiltrative plaques, often resembling infections with aspergillosis or fusariosis. Diagnosis requires a multimodal approach combining histopathology, microbiological cultures and nonculture-based assays.Summary: Despite the variability in frequency and presentation, cutaneous manifestations provide a valuable clinical clue in disseminated IFD and may facilitate early recognition and intervention.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"90-96"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145932463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vitamin D for tuberculosis or acute respiratory infections: lost in translation? 结核病或急性呼吸道感染的维生素D：在翻译中丢失？

IF 4.5 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001181

Adrian R Martineau

{"title":"Vitamin D for tuberculosis or acute respiratory infections: lost in translation?","authors":"Adrian R Martineau","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001181","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001181","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review summarizes findings of recent Phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses investigating effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation for prevention and treatment of tuberculosis or acute respiratory infections (ARI). It also considers why null results from these studies contrast with largely positive results from laboratory studies, observational epidemiology and early RCTs in the field.Recent findings: The latest evidence from RCTs and meta-analyses does not support the use of vitamin D supplements to prevent ARI or tuberculosis infection, or to enhance response to standard antimicrobial therapy for tuberculosis disease.Summary: Limited physiologic relevance of positive results from cell culture studies and animal models, noncausal associations from epidemiologic investigations, publication bias and citation bias may have contributed to an over-appreciation of potential benefits of vitamin D for prevention and treatment of respiratory infections prior to conduct of Phase 3 RCTs. Potential limitations of Phase 3 RCTs in the field - that could have undermined their ability to detect a true signal - include under-representation of participants with vitamin D deficiency at baseline, use of sub-optimal dosing regimens, contamination bias, type 2 error, operation of factors that may have masked, attenuated or antagonized vitamin D-inducible responses, redundancy and inadequate outcome ascertainment.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"147-152"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145997321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-antimicrobial interventions in recovery from community-acquired pneumonia in adults. 成人社区获得性肺炎康复中的非抗菌干预措施

IF 4.5 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001182

Louise Lansbury, Tricia McKeever, Wei Shen Lim

{"title":"Non-antimicrobial interventions in recovery from community-acquired pneumonia in adults.","authors":"Louise Lansbury, Tricia McKeever, Wei Shen Lim","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001182","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001182","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: We review recent evidence on the effectiveness of non-antimicrobial adjunctive interventions on the recovery of adults diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).Recent findings: Respiratory physiotherapy, early mobilization or tailored exercises may decrease length of stay (LoS), dyspnoea and readmissions, but there is little evidence of an effect on mortality. Nutritional interventions may decrease readmissions and improve 30-day mortality, but there are few studies on the effect of individual micronutrient supplementation. Strategies to improve discharge communications and patient education may decrease readmission rates, improve treatment compliance and patient satisfaction, whereas the implementation of guidelines and care bundles may decrease 30-day mortality but does not appear to affect length of stay or 30-day readmissions. For adjunctive therapeutic interventions, there is evidence that for severe CAP, corticosteroids probably decrease short-term mortality and possibly longer term mortality and LoS. Antiplatelet agents and statins may decrease short-term mortality.Summary: A wide range of adjunctive interventions have been trialled aiming to improve patient outcomes with variable results and considerable heterogeneity between studies and populations. Future studies should involve engagement with patient groups to identify uncertainties and outcomes they consider important, utilize a core set of outcome measures, and assess long-term outcomes.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"137-146"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12955964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145948502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anti-inflammatory therapies for bronchiectasis. 支气管扩张的抗炎治疗。

IF 4.5 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001186

Jennifer Bautista, Mark L Metersky

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory therapies for bronchiectasis.","authors":"Jennifer Bautista, Mark L Metersky","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001186","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001186","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Bronchiectasis is a condition that is characterized by chronic airway inflammation and usually infection, resulting in progressive airway damage. It results in a significant symptom burden and impacts both clinical and socioeconomic aspect of a patient's life. This review will detail anti-inflammatory treatment options for bronchiectasis, their benefits and possible side effects.Recent findings: Inflammation is the main driver of bronchiectasis disease progression and has been the focus of research for many years. Inhaled corticosteroids, though not routinely recommended in guidelines, are still commonly used even in patients without other indication for treatment such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), despite their association with some worsened outcomes. Macrolides, on the other hand, have been shown to decrease frequency of exacerbation and improve quality of life. The dipeptidyl peptidase-1 inhibitor, brensocatib, inhibits activation of neutrophil serine proteases, including neutrophil elastase. In a phase 3 trial, brensocatib decreased the frequency of exacerbation, delayed time to first exacerbation, slowed the decline in lung function and improved quality of life. It recently became the first pharmacologic treatment approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of bronchiectasis. Other treatment options are being investigated.Summary: Anti-inflammatory therapy is one of the integral components of treatment for people with bronchiectasis.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"160-166"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146060794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cutaneous manifestations associated with HIV preexposure prophylaxis: what to expect and when to worry. 与HIV暴露前预防相关的皮肤表现：期待什么和何时担心。

IF 4 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001178

Lorenzo Costacurta, Antonio Di Biagio, Lucia Taramasso

{"title":"Cutaneous manifestations associated with HIV preexposure prophylaxis: what to expect and when to worry.","authors":"Lorenzo Costacurta, Antonio Di Biagio, Lucia Taramasso","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001178","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001178","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) represents a cornerstone in HIV prevention, yet its broader clinical implications are less frequently explored. This review summarises current evidence on dermatological manifestations associated with PrEP use, including drug-induced reactions, sexually transmitted and contact-acquired infections, and cutaneous effects related to recreational substance use and chemsex practices.Recent findings: Antiretroviral agents approved for PrEP exhibit excellent dermatologic tolerability, with cutaneous adverse drug reactions rarely reported in clinical trials. When present, these typically manifest as mild maculopapular or urticarial rashes, though rare hypersensitivity syndromes have also been described. Doxycycline, increasingly used as postexposure prophylaxis against bacterial sexually transmitted infections, can induce photosensitivity and fixed drug eruptions. In parallel, the expansion of chemsex practices - commonly involving methamphetamine, mephedrone, and cocaine - has introduced a new spectrum of dermatological conditions, including infectious complications, traumatic lesions, vasculitic or necrotic reactions, and severe toxic-allergic responses.Summary: Cutaneous findings in PrEP users often arise from a complex interplay of pharmacologic exposure, infectious risk, and behavioural factors. Recognizing these dermatologic clues during PrEP follow-up offers an opportunity for early diagnosis, appropriate management, and targeted harm-reduction interventions in populations at a high risk for both HIV and other sexually transmitted or contact-transmitted diseases.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"128-136"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145762476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antiviral therapies for respiratory syncytial virus infection: current expectations. 呼吸道合胞病毒感染的抗病毒治疗：目前的预期。

IF 4 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001184

María Alvarez de Toledo, Jeanette I Taveras, Octavio Ramilo, Asuncion Mejias

{"title":"Antiviral therapies for respiratory syncytial virus infection: current expectations.","authors":"María Alvarez de Toledo, Jeanette I Taveras, Octavio Ramilo, Asuncion Mejias","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001184","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001184","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains a leading cause of bronchiolitis in infants and young children, of pneumonia in children under 5 years of age and is also associated with significant mobility and mortality in immunocompromised patients and older adults. As RSV epidemiology evolves and our preventive strategies expand, developing safe and effective antivirals have the potential to significantly change the trajectory of RSV infections in children.Recent findings: The landscape of RSV prevention has undergone substantial progress in recent years, and early reductions in burden of acute disease has already been observed among infants who have received these preventive interventions. Nonetheless, RSV continues to pose significant challenges, particularly in regions where prophylactic measures have not yet been implemented, in older children who remain vulnerable beyond their first RSV season and in special patient populations with a weakened immune system. Therapeutic options remain limited: ribavirin is currently the only approved antiviral for severe RSV-LRTI, and despite modest efficacy, its use is largely restricted to immunocompromised patients. Several antivirals with distinct mechanisms of action, have been evaluated in the past decade, but many were discontinued due to limited clinical benefits or concerns with safety. Nonetheless, three major classes of antivirals (fusion inhibitors, polymerase inhibitors and N-protein inhibitors) are now in development with promising results.Summary: This review provides an updated overview of current antivirals against RSV, highlighting the need to develop new therapeutic drugs to reduce both acute disease severity and associated long-term respiratory morbidity.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"153-159"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146060774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0