Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases最新文献_第6页

Infectious mononucleosis: new concepts in clinical presentation, epidemiology, and host response. 传染性单核细胞增多症：临床表现、流行病学和宿主反应的新概念。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001012

Patrick Naughton, Frances Enright, Brigid Lucey

{"title":"Infectious mononucleosis: new concepts in clinical presentation, epidemiology, and host response.","authors":"Patrick Naughton, Frances Enright, Brigid Lucey","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001012","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001012","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is an infectious disease that presents clinically in only a small percentage of individuals despite almost universal infection with the causative agent. Here, we review the latest concepts in the clinical presentation, epidemiology, and host response of this disease.Recent findings: Several recently published papers/reviews describe IM as a condition caused by one of several etiologic agents including, cytomegalovirus (HHV-5), Roseola virus (HHV-6) and Toxoplasmosis amongst others; this review focuses on IM as solely caused by the human herpes virus 4 (HHV-4). Since the initial discovery of the virus in the 1960s and its subsequent discovery as the primary etiologic agent for IM it has been associated with several human cancers and autoimmune disorders. Recent published findings show a correlation between HHV-4 and the autoimmune disorder, multiple sclerosis (MS), suggesting earlier IM could possibly act as a causative factor. Considering the important links being made with IM to so many cancers and autoimmune disorders it is surprising that a standard investigative procedure has yet to be determined for this disease. A standard approach to the investigation of IM would ensure more cases are diagnosed, particularly atypical cases, this would benefit epidemiological studies, and more immediately help practitioners distinguish viral from bacterial throat infections, enabling them to treat accordingly.Summary: The understanding of the latest concepts in clinical presentation, epidemiology and host response to IM would benefit greatly from the introduction of a standard procedure for its investigation and diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"157-163"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fusarium species central nervous system infection. 镰刀菌中枢神经系统感染。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001009

Nora Strong, Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner

引用次数: 0

Bacterial cholesterol-dependent cytolysins and their interaction with the human immune response. 依赖胆固醇的细菌细胞溶解素及其与人类免疫反应的相互作用。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001010

Tristan C Sanford, Rodney K Tweten, Hunter L Abrahamsen

引用次数: 0

Central nervous system infections in the tropics. 热带地区的中枢神经系统感染。

IF 3.6 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001015

Angel Miraclin T, Bhagteshwar Singh, Priscilla Rupali

{"title":"Central nervous system infections in the tropics.","authors":"Angel Miraclin T, Bhagteshwar Singh, Priscilla Rupali","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001015","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001015","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Emerging and re-emerging central nervous system (CNS) infections are a major public health concern in the tropics. The reasons for this are myriad; climate change, rainfall, deforestation, increased vector density combined with poverty, poor sanitation and hygiene. This review focuses on pathogens, which have emerged and re-emerged, with the potential for significant morbidity and mortality.Recent findings: In recent years, multiple acute encephalitis outbreaks have been caused by Nipah virus, which carries a high case fatality. Arboviral infections, predominantly dengue, chikungunya and Zika are re-emerging increasingly especially in urban areas due to changing human habitats, vector behaviour and viral evolution. Scrub typhus, another vector borne disease caused by the bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi , is being established as a leading cause of CNS infections in the tropics.Summary: A syndromic and epidemiological approach to CNS infections in the tropics is essential to plan appropriate diagnostic tests and management. Rapid diagnostic tests facilitate early diagnosis and thus help prompt initiation and focusing of therapy to prevent adverse outcomes. Vector control, cautious urbanization and deforestation, and reducing disturbance of ecosystems can help prevent spread of vector-borne diseases. Regional diagnostic and treatment approaches and specific vaccines are required to avert morbidity and mortality.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"201-210"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of respiratory viral infections on nasopharyngeal pneumococcal colonization dynamics in children. 呼吸道病毒感染对儿童鼻咽肺炎球菌定植动态的影响。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001008

Leigh M Howard, Carlos G Grijalva

{"title":"Impact of respiratory viral infections on nasopharyngeal pneumococcal colonization dynamics in children.","authors":"Leigh M Howard, Carlos G Grijalva","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001008","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001008","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Prevention of acute respiratory illnesses (ARI) in children is a global health priority, as these remain a leading cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality throughout the world. As new products and strategies to prevent respiratory infections caused by important pathogens such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza, respiratory syncytial virus and pneumococcus are advancing, increasing evidence suggests that these and other respiratory viruses and pneumococci may exhibit interactions that are associated with altered colonization and disease dynamics. We aim to review recent data evaluating interactions between respiratory viruses and pneumococci in the upper respiratory tract and their potential impact on pneumococcal colonization patterns and disease outcomes.Recent findings: While interactions between influenza infection and subsequent increased susceptibility and transmissibility of colonizing pneumococci have been widely reported in the literature, emerging evidence suggests that human rhinovirus, SARS-CoV-2, and other viruses may also exhibit interactions with pneumococci and alter pneumococcal colonization patterns. Additionally, colonizing pneumococci may play a role in modifying outcomes associated with respiratory viral infections. Recent evidence suggests that vaccination with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, and prevention of colonization with pneumococcal serotypes included in these vaccines, may be associated with reducing the risk of subsequent viral infection and the severity of the associated illnesses.Summary: Understanding the direction and dynamics of viral-pneumococcal interactions may elucidate the potential effects of existing and emerging viral and bacterial vaccines and other preventive strategies on the health impact of these important respiratory pathogens.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"170-175"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140027614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Completion of multidose vaccine series in early childhood: current challenges and opportunities. 完成幼儿多剂量疫苗系列接种：当前的挑战与机遇。

IF 3.6 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001007

Sarah Y Michels, Matthew F Daley, Sophia R Newcomer

{"title":"Completion of multidose vaccine series in early childhood: current challenges and opportunities.","authors":"Sarah Y Michels, Matthew F Daley, Sophia R Newcomer","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001007","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001007","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Completion of all doses in multidose vaccine series provides optimal protection against preventable infectious diseases. In this review, we describe clinical and public health implications of multidose vaccine series noncompletion, including current challenges to ensuring children receive all recommended vaccinations. We then highlight actionable steps toward achieving early childhood immunization goals.Recent findings: Although coverage levels are high for most early childhood vaccinations, rates of completion are lower for vaccinations that require multiple doses. Recent research has shown that lower family socioeconomic status, a lack of health insurance coverage, having multiple children in the household, and moving across state lines are associated with children failing to complete multidose vaccine series. These findings provide contextual evidence to support that practical challenges to accessing immunization services are impediments to completion of multidose series. Strategies, including reminder/recall, use of centralized immunization information systems, and clinician prompts, have been shown to increase immunization rates. Re-investing in these effective interventions and modernizing the public health infrastructure can facilitate multidose vaccine series completion.Summary: Completion of multidose vaccine series is a challenge for immunization service delivery. Increased efforts are needed to address remaining barriers and improve vaccination coverage in the United States.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"176-184"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11210715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140012363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An overview of risk factors, management and prevention of cochlear implant infections. 人工耳蜗感染的风险因素、管理和预防概述。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001011

Conor I MacKay, Jafri Kuthubutheen, Anita J Campbell

{"title":"An overview of risk factors, management and prevention of cochlear implant infections.","authors":"Conor I MacKay, Jafri Kuthubutheen, Anita J Campbell","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001011","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001011","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: With cochlear implantation becoming increasingly performed worldwide, an understanding of the risk factors, preventive measures, and management of cochlear implant (CI) infection remains important given the significant morbidity and cost it conveys.Recent findings: At the turn of the 21st century there was a decrease in rates of CI infection, particularly meningitis, following the discontinuation of positioner use for CI. However, in more recent years rates of CI infection have remained largely static. Recently, studies evaluating preventive measures such as pneumococcal vaccination, S. aureus decolonization and surgical antibiotic prophylaxis have emerged in the literature.Summary: Prompt recognition of CI infection and appropriate investigation and management are key, however at present treatment is largely informed by cohort and case-control studies and expert opinion. Preventive measures including pneumococcal vaccination, S. aureus decolonization and preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis play a role in reducing rates of CI infection. However, there remains a need for well designed clinical trials to provide higher level evidence to better guide preventive measures for, and management decisions of, CI infections in the future.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"220-225"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140305182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Solid organ transplant-related central nervous system infections. 与实体器官移植相关的中枢神经系统感染。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.1097/qco.0000000000001016

Oscar Morado-Aramburo, Rodrigo Hasbun

引用次数: 0

Identifying patients with difficult-to-treat acute bacterial skin infections. 识别难以治疗的急性细菌性皮肤感染患者。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000991

Philippe Montravers, Romy Soussan, Sébastien Tanaka

{"title":"Identifying patients with difficult-to-treat acute bacterial skin infections.","authors":"Philippe Montravers, Romy Soussan, Sébastien Tanaka","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000000991","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000000991","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The early recognition of acute bacterial skin infections (ABSIs) and their swift and adequate care are the major determinants of success. The features that can hamper or delay surgical and medical management can lead to 'difficult-to-treat' ABSIs.Recent findings: Delayed diagnosis and belated management are the key obstacles to be overcome. Clinicians should be careful about underestimating the severity of ABSIs and overlooking comorbidities, especially immunosuppression. Many conditions can lead to delayed source control, including a misdiagnosis, interhospital transfers, delayed re-exploration, or extensive injuries. Difficult therapeutic issues can occur, including rapidly destructive infections from highly pathogenic microorganisms (Group-A-streptococci, Vibrio spp., Clostridium spp. and Staphylococcus aureus ) or inadequate antibiotic therapy resulting from multidrug-resistant bacteria. Impaired pharmacokinetic capacities of antibiotic agents should also be considered as a source of clinical failure due to insufficient antimicrobial activity at the site of infection.Summary: Microbiological samples should be used for guiding antimicrobial therapy. Risk factors for multidrug-resistant bacteria should be considered, including local epidemiology and comorbidities. The optimization of antibiotic therapy should be achieved. Optimized care should be achieved through multidisciplinary management involving professionals with sufficient and appropriate training.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"87-94"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138458469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emerging treatment options for skin and soft tissue infections tailoring drug selection to individual patients. 皮肤和软组织感染的新治疗方案，根据患者的具体情况选择药物。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-24 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001003

Nadia Castaldo, Antonio Vena, Alessandro Limongelli, Daniele Roberto Giacobbe, Matteo Bassetti

引用次数: 0