Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases最新文献_第2页

Mpox primer for clinicians: what makes the difference in 2024? 临床医生的m痘引物：2024年有什么不同？

IF 3.6 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001091

Sama Mahmoud Abdel-Rahman, Büşra Zeynep Bayici, Şiran Keske, Mert Kuşkucu, Yasemin Özsürekçi, Anne W Rimoin, Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales, Önder Ergönül

{"title":"Mpox primer for clinicians: what makes the difference in 2024?","authors":"Sama Mahmoud Abdel-Rahman, Büşra Zeynep Bayici, Şiran Keske, Mert Kuşkucu, Yasemin Özsürekçi, Anne W Rimoin, Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales, Önder Ergönül","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001091","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001091","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The 2024 mpox outbreak, primarily driven by the possibly more virulent clade Ib strain, prompted the WHO declaring it a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) on August 14, 2024. This review provides essential guidance for clinicians managing mpox cases, as it contrasts the features of the 2024 outbreak with those of the 2022 epidemic to support better clinical decision-making.Recent findings: The review highlights significant differences between the 2024 and 2022 outbreaks, including total case numbers, demographic distribution, and fatality rates. It also examines the increased severity associated with clade Ib. The article reviews the differential diagnosis of mpox, diagnostic tools, updates on Tecovirimat treatment, and infection control practices, particularly among healthcare workers. Vaccination strategies, including the role of smallpox vaccines and at-risk groups, are also discussed, along with recommendations for countries outside Africa.Summary: The findings underscore the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate treatment for mpox in light of the 2024 outbreak's unique characteristics. Clinicians are advised to stay informed about updated diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, including vaccine recommendations, to mitigate the spread of the disease.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"143-149"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142982136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The future approach for the management of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections. 未来处理急性细菌性皮肤和皮肤结构感染的方法。

IF 3.6 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001092

Giusy Tiseo, Marco Falcone

{"title":"The future approach for the management of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections.","authors":"Giusy Tiseo, Marco Falcone","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001092","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001092","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To discuss the new available options for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs) and how to implement in the clinical practice innovative approaches for their management.Recent findings: The availability of long-acting antibiotics, including dalbavancin and oritavancin, changed the approach to patients with ABSSSI. Direct discharge from the emergency department and early discharge from the hospital should be considered in patients with ABSSSI. Despite limited data about different bactericidal properties, the choice between dalbavancin and oritavacin is usually based on patients' characteristics and comorbidities. Delafloxacin and omadacycline are other options and have the advantage to be available for both intravenous and oral formulations, allowing a sequential therapy and switch from intravenous to oral treatment in clinically stable patients. Further studies should elucidate the profile of patients who may beneficiate from these drugs.Summary: Early discharge from the hospital should be considered in patients with ABSSSI at a high risk of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and in vulnerable patients for which hospitalization may have detrimental consequences. In elderly individuals, patients with diabetes mellitus, oncological people who need for continuing their healthcare pathway, this approach may reduce complications and costs related to hospitalization.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"128-135"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Respiratory infections in lung transplant recipients.

IF 3.6 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001097

Christopher Alexander Hinze, Susanne Simon, Jens Gottlieb

{"title":"Respiratory infections in lung transplant recipients.","authors":"Christopher Alexander Hinze, Susanne Simon, Jens Gottlieb","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001097","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001097","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Morbidity and mortality rates after lung transplantation still remain higher than after other forms of solid organ transplantation, primarily due to a higher risk of infections and the development of chronic lung allograft dysfunction. Thus, a tiered approach highlighting the most significant respiratory pathogens including common opportunistic infections along with diagnostic, treatment and prevention strategies, including vaccination and prophylaxis is needed.Recent findings: The need for intense immunosuppressive therapy to prevent rejection, coupled with the transplanted lung's constant exposure to environment and impaired local defence mechanisms leads to frequent infections. Viral and bacterial infections are most frequent while fungal infections mainly involve the tracheobronchial tract but may be fatal in case of disseminated disease. Some infectious agents are known to trigger acute rejection or contribute to chronic allograft dysfunction. Invasive testing in the form of bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage is standard and increasing experience in point of care testing is gained to allow early preemptive therapy.Summary: Timely diagnosis, treatment, and ongoing monitoring are essential, but this can be difficult due to the wide variety of potential pathogens.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"150-160"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The reemergence of Streptococcus pyogenes in skin and soft tissue infections: a review of epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management strategies.

IF 3.6 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001095

Matteo Bassetti, Daniele Roberto Giacobbe, Barbara Larosa, Annaflavia Lamarina, Antonio Vena, Giorgia Brucci

{"title":"The reemergence of Streptococcus pyogenes in skin and soft tissue infections: a review of epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management strategies.","authors":"Matteo Bassetti, Daniele Roberto Giacobbe, Barbara Larosa, Annaflavia Lamarina, Antonio Vena, Giorgia Brucci","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001095","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001095","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To discuss skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) caused by group A Streptococcus (GAS) by focusing on their pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and management strategies.Recent findings: GAS is responsible for a wide range of infections from mild disease to severe fatal invasive infections with high mortality rates. Invasive GAS (iGAS) infections affect both young and old individuals and account for 1.8 million cases worldwide, with a mortality rate of up to 20%. In addition, conditions resulting by immune responses triggered by GAS also contribute to GAS-associated morbidity, and should not be overlooked. GAS has the ability to produce a wide set of virulence factors which contribute to its pathogenicity and its ability to colonize different body site and subsequently cause invasive infections. Management of SSTIs caused by GAS is challenging due to the risk of rapid progression and the risk of developing complications.Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a relevant increase in iGAS infections has been registered. A constantly updated knowledge of the clinical presentation of iGAS infections is thus necessary to reduce their high mortality rates. Proper recognition and treatment of iGAS infections remain crucial.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"114-121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial introductions.

IF 3.6 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001093

引用次数: 0

Tuberculosis molecular bacterial load assay in the management of tuberculosis. 结核分子细菌负荷测定在结核管理中的应用。

IF 3.6 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-17 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001084

Stephen H Gillespie, Wilber Sabiiti

引用次数: 0

Appropriate surgical management in skin and soft tissue infections. 皮肤和软组织感染的适当手术处理。

IF 3.6 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001088

Viktor Frieders-Justin, Christian Eckmann, Benjamin Glaser

{"title":"Appropriate surgical management in skin and soft tissue infections.","authors":"Viktor Frieders-Justin, Christian Eckmann, Benjamin Glaser","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001088","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001088","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To present standards and recent technical innovations in the surgical management of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI).Recent findings: SSTI are a frequent cause of presentation in the acute care setting. They can range from simple and uncomplicated to severe and necrotizing infections. Surgical management plays an important role in the treatment of uncomplicated SSTI. Recent evidence indicates that a subgroup of patients (e.g. immunocompromised patients) profits from a postoperative course of antibiotic treatment of 5-7 days. In diabetic foot infections (DFI), repeated debridement to remove necrotic tissue and control infection can prevent minor and major amputation. In necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTI), early and aggressive surgical debridement is paramount. Recent advancements have explored skin-sparing techniques in selective cases.Summary: The management of SSTIs requires a combination of surgical and antimicrobial strategies tailored to the type and severity of the infection. Further clinical research is necessary in order to define more accurately those collectives in severe SSTI who profit from a less aggressive surgical approach.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"136-142"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vaccine hesitancy and other challenges to sexually transmitted infection vaccine acceptance. 疫苗犹豫和对性传播感染疫苗接受的其他挑战。

IF 3.6 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001074

Alison Footman, Stacey B Griner

{"title":"Vaccine hesitancy and other challenges to sexually transmitted infection vaccine acceptance.","authors":"Alison Footman, Stacey B Griner","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QCO.0000000000001074","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Development of vaccines that protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including for chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis, has progressed greatly over the past decade. However, little research has been conducted to examine STI vaccine acceptance and hesitancy and how these factors may impact future uptake. This review examines literature that could provide additional insights into factors that would impact STI vaccine acceptance and hesitancy.Recent findings: Vaccine hesitancy remains a threat to the uptake of future STI vaccines despite recent findings that highlight high levels of acceptability. Vaccine characteristics including side effects postvaccination and cost could impact future uptake of these vaccines. Accurate information about the benefits of vaccination and the vaccine development process could help to improve vaccine acceptance.Summary: STI vaccine development is progressing, leading to great promise that a chlamydia, gonorrhea, or syphilis vaccine will one day be available. However, data is limited on factors that could impact vaccine acceptance, hesitancy, and uptake. This research is instrumental in creating policies, programming and vaccination campaigns that could impact acceptance and uptake along with affordability and accessibility. Additional research is needed to better promote STI vaccines.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":"38 1","pages":"60-64"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142913900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk factors for cognitive decline in persons with HIV. 艾滋病毒感染者认知能力下降的危险因素。

IF 3.6 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001080

Merle Henderson, Alan Winston

{"title":"Risk factors for cognitive decline in persons with HIV.","authors":"Merle Henderson, Alan Winston","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001080","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001080","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Cognitive disorders persist in persons with HIV, despite virologically suppressive antiretroviral therapy. We summarize the current evidence on risk factors for cognitive decline in persons with HIV in the modern antiretroviral therapy-era.Recent findings: Recent consensus recommendations have proposed a new approach for defining cognitive impairment in persons with HIV, which distinguishes true cognitive impairment from low cognitive performance alone and considers both HIV and non-HIV-associated causes of brain injury. Adverse mental health, risks associated with substance misuse, and an increasing burden of age-related comorbidities have been highlighted as important contributors toward cognitive decline in this population. Aging may potentiate these risk factors through polypharmacy and drug-drug interactions.Summary: Cognitive decline in persons with HIV is likely multifactorial, with contributions from both HIV and non-HIV-associated mechanisms, particularly age-related comorbidities. With an aging community of persons with HIV, screening for risk factors associated with cognitive decline may be crucial to implement appropriate risk reduction strategies.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"37-43"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11676619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Managing cognitive impairment in people with HIV. 管理艾滋病毒感染者的认知障碍。

IF 3.6 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001078

Kate Alford, Clara O'Brien, Sube Banerjee, Colin Fitzpatrick, Jaime H Vera

{"title":"Managing cognitive impairment in people with HIV.","authors":"Kate Alford, Clara O'Brien, Sube Banerjee, Colin Fitzpatrick, Jaime H Vera","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001078","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000001078","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To describe patient-centred multiciplinary management and care of people with HIV presenting with cognitive disorders.Recent findings: In the era of effective antiretroviral therapy a comprehensive, multifactorial approach to assessing and managing cognitive impairment in people with HIV is required. The complexity of cognitive disorders in this population demands more than current guidelines offer, which focus primarily on HIV management, overlooking broader clinical, psychological, and social factors. Key recommendations include the integration of medical history, physical examinations, brain imaging (especially MRI), neuropsychological testing, and lumbar puncture to identify underlying causes of cognitive decline. Pharmacological treatments for HIV-related cognitive decline remain ineffective, making nonpharmacological interventions, such as cognitive training and holistic rehabilitation programs, essential for managing symptoms. Additionally, the review calls for early detection through routine screening, monitoring, and preventive care. Social and psychological support are emphasized as critical factors in addressing the mental health issues exacerbated by cognitive decline in people with HIV. Emerging models of care, such as integrated, multidisciplinary clinics, show promise in delivering comprehensive, patient-centered care that addresses both cognitive issues and broader quality of life.Summary: This review underscores the need for a holistic, multifaceted approach to managing cognitive impairment in people with HIV, integrating clinical, psychological, and social interventions alongside HIV treatment. Given the lack of effective pharmacological options, early detection, prevention, and nonpharmacological strategies are critical in optimizing quality of life and maintaining cognitive function in this vulnerable population.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0