Crop Science最新文献

{"title":"Inheritance of summer patch disease tolerance in hard fescue (Festuca brevipila Tracey)","authors":"Shidi Wu,&nbsp;Austin L. Grimshaw,&nbsp;Yuanshuo Qu,&nbsp;Stacy A. Bonos","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21353","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21353","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hard fescue (<i>Festuca brevipila</i> Tracey) is a cool-season turfgrass known for exceptional performance under low-maintenance conditions. However, it is susceptible to summer patch disease. Summer patch is a root disease caused by <i>Magnaporthiopsis poae</i> and <i>Magnaporthiopsis meyeri-festucae</i>. The objective of this study was to investigate the inheritance of summer patch tolerance in controlled crosses of hard fescue. The experimental populations were full-sib families created by crossing three tolerant and three susceptible parents in a diallel cross. One hundred progeny from each of the 15 crosses and reciprocals were established in a mowed spaced-plant trial in 2017 (Trial 1) and 2019 (Trial 2). All progeny and selected parental genotypes were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications and inoculated with a mixture of an <i>M. meyeri-festucae</i> isolate (SCR9) and an <i>M. poae</i> isolate (C11). The disease severity of hard fescue genotypes was assessed by visual rating during the summers of 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021. Variation in disease responses among progeny suggests that inheritance is controlled by a few major genes. The progeny phenotypes were correlated to the parental phenotypes. The estimate of narrow-sense heritability was 0.20 (± 0.01), while the estimate of broad-sense heritability was 0.67 (± 0.08). The heritability estimates are modest but indicate the potential for summer patch tolerance to be improved via selection and breeding. This is the first report of heritability estimates for summer patch tolerance in any turf species. This research will help to determine the most efficient selection procedures for summer patch tolerance in hard fescue.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.21353","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of turfgrass canopy shade levels and quantum spectrum on the germination and development of smooth crabgrass (Digitaria ischaemum)","authors":"Vera Vuković,&nbsp;Quincy D. Law,&nbsp;Aaron J. Patton","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21351","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21351","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Smooth crabgrass [<i>Digitaria ischaemum</i> (Schreb.) Schreb. ex Muhl.] is one of the most troublesome summer annual weeds in cool-season turfgrass. Field experiments demonstrated a strong relationship between spring photosynthetic active radiation reaching the soil surface and the resulting smooth crabgrass cover in Kentucky bluegrass (<i>Poa pratensis</i> L.) 2/3 months later in summer. Both smooth crabgrass and canopy penetrating light were consistently reduced by higher mowing heights. Follow-up experiments in controlled environments were initiated to improve our understanding of how light quality and quantity influence smooth crabgrass germination and growth. Smooth crabgrass germination was ≥99% following exposure to blue, red (R), far red (FR), both R and FR light pulses, or complete darkness treatments. A second germination experiment examined six levels of turfgrass canopy shade (0%, 24%, 44%, 77%, 90%, and 100% photosynthetic photon flux density [PPFD] reduction) and found that smooth crabgrass germination was ≥99% for all treatments. These experiments indicate that light quality and quantity do not affect smooth crabgrass germination. A greenhouse experiment examined five levels of turfgrass canopy shade (0%, 44%, 59%, 81%, and 91% PPFD reduction). Smooth crabgrass quantum and PSII (Photosystem II) operating efficiency increased in response to shade, while leaf number and thickness, specific leaf weight, tillering, mass, electron transport rate, and stomatal conductance decreased with increasing shade. Overall, the results demonstrate that smooth crabgrass is able to germinate regardless of canopy density, but seedling growth, development, and plant function are diminished in a dense turfgrass canopy shade.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.21351","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic and environmental drivers of legume cover crop performance: Hairy vetch","authors":"Lisa Kissing Kucek,&nbsp;Katherine Muller,&nbsp;Lais Bastos Martins,&nbsp;Virginia M. Moore,&nbsp;Chris Reberg-Horton,&nbsp;Steven B. Mirsky,&nbsp;John Englert,&nbsp;Laurie E. Drinkwater,&nbsp;Joel Douglas,&nbsp;Sarah S. Eagen,&nbsp;Twain Butler,&nbsp;Matthew R. Ryan,&nbsp;Allen Casey,&nbsp;Kerry Clark,&nbsp;Nancy Ehlke,&nbsp;John Hendrickson,&nbsp;John Guretzky,&nbsp;Holly Johnson,&nbsp;David Archer,&nbsp;Rebecca J. McGee,&nbsp;Shahjahan Ali,&nbsp;Amy Bartow,&nbsp;Valerie Bullard,&nbsp;Allen N. Burke,&nbsp;Richard Barrett,&nbsp;Christopher Bernau,&nbsp;Brandon Carr,&nbsp;Ryan Crawford,&nbsp;Kimberly Griffin,&nbsp;Esleyther Henriquez Inoa,&nbsp;Heidi Hillhouse,&nbsp;Mathew Humphrey,&nbsp;Margaret Smither-Kopperl,&nbsp;Sarah Krogman,&nbsp;Steven Lee,&nbsp;Annie Marion,&nbsp;Nicholas McGhee,&nbsp;Ian Silvernail,&nbsp;Prasanna Thevar,&nbsp;Sandra Wayman,&nbsp;Nick P. Wiering,&nbsp;Dustin Wiggans,&nbsp;Heathcliffe Riday","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21318","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21318","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Among 50 environments in the United States, we screened 35 hairy vetch (<i>Vicia villosa</i> Roth.) lines for traits of interest to cover cropping. We analyzed the influence of genotype, environment, and the genotype-by-environment interaction (G × E) on biomass, vigor, winter survival, emergence, flowering time, and nitrogen fixation. To explore how environments and G × E impacted each trait, we associated environment predictions and G × E loadings with weather and soil parameters. Environment had the largest influence on all traits, representing more than half of the variance. Environment predictions were significantly associated with weather and/or soil parameters for each trait. Biomass was associated with growing degree days, winter survival with freezing degree days without snow cover, growth stage with shortwave radiation, and emergence with soil texture. The G × E interaction was larger than genotypic variance for all traits except for winter survival and flowering time. The G × E interaction loadings were associated with soil sand content for biomass, air temperature for fall vigor and emergence, and snow cover for winter survival. Although it represented the smallest proportion of total variance, genetic effects were significant for all traits except for emergence, Ndfa, %N, and C:N. New hairy vetch breeding lines were superior to all commercially available lines for biomass and winter survival. Biomass harvest timing did not significantly change line rank, indicating that top-performing lines can be used in diverse management systems. To select for high nitrogen contribution to subsequent crops, breeding programs can indirectly select for biomass rather than expensively evaluating symbiotic nitrogen fixation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"64 6","pages":"3052-3072"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.21318","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142277052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fifteen years of findings: Advancements in spring dead spot research from 2009 to 2024","authors":"W. J. Hutchens,&nbsp;J. K. Anders,&nbsp;E. L. Butler,&nbsp;J. P. Kerns,&nbsp;D. S. McCall,&nbsp;G. L. Miller,&nbsp;N. R. Walker","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21367","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21367","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Spring dead spot (<i>Ophiosphaerella</i> spp.; SDS) is one of the most detrimental diseases to warm-season turfgrasses, particularly bermudagrass (<i>Cynodon</i> spp.), growing in climates where cold temperatures induce dormancy. The pathogen can infect the crowns, stolons, rhizomes, and roots of bermudagrass most of the year, but infection in the fall predisposes the turf to winter injury and plant death. Symptoms typically appear the following spring, making management of SDS challenging. Moreover, the biology, epidemiology, and management of SDS are not fully understood. Ample research has been conducted on SDS which was thoroughly summarized before 2009 by Tredway et al. Since then, 18 new research papers have been published over the last 15 years that have further clarified the biology, epidemiology, and management of SDS. This review seeks to compile, update, and summarize research developments on SDS from 2009 to 2024. Research developments over the last 15 years include an increased understanding of the biology and infection mechanisms of the <i>Ophiosphaerella</i> species that cause SDS, a greater knowledge of the epidemiology of the disease and factors that affect its distribution, as well as improved cultural and chemical management practices for SDS.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.21367","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association mapping of mesocotyl and coleoptile length in rice using various genome-wide association study models","authors":"Rui Li,&nbsp;Zhaoran Wei,&nbsp;Yuetao Wang,&nbsp;Mengjuan Ma,&nbsp;Qifei Zhang,&nbsp;Tao Bai,&nbsp;Zichao Li,&nbsp;Zhanying Zhang,&nbsp;Haiqing Yin,&nbsp;Ya Wang","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21360","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21360","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The mechanized direct seeding of rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) is a major trend nowadays. The elongation of rice mesocotyl and coleoptile can facilitate the rapid emergence of seedlings under deep mechanized sowing. Currently, most of the cultivated rice accessions have short mesocotyls or coleoptiles, with only a few related genes cloned. However, understanding and enhancing the ability of rice seedlings to rapidly emerge from deep sowing depths is crucial. Herein, we assessed 745 core rice germplasm accessions sown under a soil cover depth of 10 cm and found few long mesocotyl and coleoptile germplasms. We conducted genome-wide association study using six models to obtain three or more multi-model co-localization candidate regions and calculated <i>F</i>_st between the phenotypes of extreme samples to determine genetic differences. The candidate regions associated with mesocotyl and coleoptile lengths were identified by integrating <i>F</i>_st and multi-model localization results. This multi-model localization method may accelerate the mining of genes related to the mesocotyl and coleoptile, providing valuable targets for functional validation and marker-assisted selection in rice breeding programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"64 6","pages":"3417-3429"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.21360","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pearl millet phenology assessment: An integration of field, a review, and in silico approach","authors":"Ana Carcedo,&nbsp;Gustavo Maddonni,&nbsp;Ajay Prasanth Ramalingam,&nbsp;Sabreena A. Parray,&nbsp;Midhat Z. Tugoo,&nbsp;Thatiane Alves Pereira,&nbsp;Ramasamy Perumal,&nbsp;P. V. Vara Prasad,&nbsp;Ignacio Ciampitti","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21352","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21352","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pearl millet [<i>Pennisetum glaucum</i> (L.) R.Br.] is an essential subsistence cereal for food security in dryland farming systems of the semiarid tropics (e.g., in sub-Saharan Africa) and has improved tolerance to drought, heat, and salinity stress compared to other domesticated cereals. Assessing the variation on phenology is critical toward devising effective adaptative management strategies for crop adaptation to current and future climate change. In this context, pearl millet presents a vast genetic diversity, exhibiting sensitivity to temperature and photoperiod. Hence, this study aims to describe the genotypic variability in the phenological responses of pearl millet to temperature and photoperiod, particularly affecting leaf number with implications on the overall total time to flowering. The dataset encompassed 21 publications from seven countries, with experiments conducted from 1965 to 2023, including three field studies from the United States. Broad variability has been reported for phyllochron values ranging from 45 to 111°Cd leaf⁻¹, with a mean value of 67°Cd leaf⁻¹. Thermal time to panicle initiation ranged from 340 to 594°C, but no response to photoperiod duration was found due to the nature of dataset. Maximum number of leaves per shoot ranged from 11 to 25, showing response (1.55–2.15 leaf h⁻¹) to photoperiod due to variations in thermal time to flowering (from 875 to 1346°Cd). Thermal time to flowering increased ca. 323°Cd h⁻¹ under day durations longer than 13.3 h, below which basic vegetative phase duration was close to 1033°Cd. Based on the Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator simulations, different combinations of the above responses (in silico cultivars) generated a great range of times to flowering (44–120 days) for locations in Senegal, Brazil, India, and United States. The findings of this study can help breeders to explore the phenological genetic variability of pearl millet and provide inputs for crop growth models to evaluate future in silico scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"64 6","pages":"3028-3042"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular analysis of St. Augustinegrass cultivar mixtures composition over time and latitude","authors":"Rocio van der Laat,&nbsp;Ramon G. Leon,&nbsp;Adam G. Dale,&nbsp;Beatriz Gouveia,&nbsp;Esdras M. Carbajal,&nbsp;Marco Schiavon,&nbsp;J. Bryan Unruh,&nbsp;Basil V. Iannone III,&nbsp;Susana R. Milla-Lewis","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21370","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21370","url":null,"abstract":"<p>St. Augustinegrass [<i>Stenotaphrum secundatum</i> (Walt.) Kuntze] is commonly planted in residential and commercial landscapes as a cultivar monoculture predisposing this lawn to pest invasion and high-maintenance inputs. Researchers have suggested that increasing genetic diversity by growing cultivars in mixtures may increase turfgrass stress resilience. However, the stability and uniformity of those mixtures has not been studied. The present study was carried out to evaluate the stability of St. Augustinegrass cultivars mixtures over time and across three latitudes. The study was conducted in Citra and Fort Lauderdale, FL, and Jackson Springs, NC. Simple-sequence repeats markers were used to genotype leaf samples of St. Augustinegrass cultivars planted in two- and four-cultivar mixtures. Leaf samples were collected 1 and 3 years after establishment. In all locations, cultivar richness and evenness declined over time. Similarly, the relative abundance of the least persistent cultivars decreased approximately 50%–100% depending on cultivar and location. Differences in growth patterns among cultivars resulted in cultivar displacement and the predominance of a single cultivar. Cultivars that covered the ground faster or formed dense canopies early after establishment were dominant at the end of the study. Locally developed cultivars tended to be more dominant in their original latitude. The use of cultivar mixtures may help the identification of vigorous, competitive, and stress tolerant cultivars in turfgrass breeding programs. However, their commercial use remains challenging as if the patterns observed here for 3 years are representative of a continuous trend, and they do not persist over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.21370","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining abilities and quantitative inheritance of sorgoleone exudation in Sorghum bicolor","authors":"Bal Maharjan,&nbsp;Fabian Leon,&nbsp;William L. Rooney,&nbsp;Sakiko Okumoto","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21366","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21366","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i>) has the ability to inhibit the conversion of ammonium to nitrate (biological nitrification inhibition [BNI]) in the rhizosphere, which in turn prevents the loss of bioavailable nitrogen. Sorgoleone is a lipidic compound secreted by sorghum root hairs and is responsible for roughly 60% of BNI activity in sorghum. Previous studies revealed variation in sorgoleone secretion among different accessions and cultivars. However, little information is available regarding the genetic inheritance of sorgoleone secretion in sorghum. To increase sorgoleone through breeding, an understanding of the inheritance of this trait is required. In this study, 21 seed parents and 21 pollinator parents from the Texas AgriLife Research sorghum breeding program were crossed in an incomplete factorial design to generate 158 hybrids, and sorgoleone secretion from both hybrids and inbreds was quantified. There was significant variation in sorgoleone secretion across hybrids and inbred lines, and small but significant mid-parent heterosis was observed in the hybrids. A linear mixed model analysis to calculate general and specific combining abilities for inbred parents and hybrids detected significant genetic effects for the male, the female, and male × female interactions (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Broad-sense heritability was high (<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mi>H</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 <annotation>${{H}^2}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> = 0.87), while narrow-sense heritability for the seed parents and pollinator parents was moderate (<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msubsup>\u0000 <mi>H</mi>\u0000 <mi>f</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msubsup>\u0000 <annotation>$H_f^2$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>= 0.35 and <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msubsup>\u0000 <mi>H</mi>\u0000 <mi>m</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msubsup>\u0000 <annotation>$H_m^2$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> = 0.39, respectively). These results indicate that sorgoleone exudation is primarily driven by additive genetic effects, but dominance effects are important for optimum production. These findings indicate that selection for increased sorgoleone root exudation among elite, adapted grain sorghum hybrids and inbred should be effective.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"64 6","pages":"3219-3230"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.21366","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142273663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of cool- and warm-season turfgrass host suitability to annual bluegrass weevil (Listronotus maculicollis, Kirby)","authors":"Audrey Simard,&nbsp;Benjamin A. McGraw","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21363","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21363","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The annual bluegrass weevil, <i>Listronotus maculicollis</i> Kirby, is considered the most destructive insect pest of short-mown turfgrasses in northeastern North America. <i>Poa annua</i> L. is the preferred host plant, though the weevil can develop in other cool-season (C3) turfgrasses such as bentgrasses (<i>Agrostis spp</i>. L.) and perennial ryegrass (<i>Lolium perenne</i> L.). Recently, damaging populations have been reported in midwestern and southeastern United States, where cool- and warm-season (C4) turfgrasses are grown. However, it is unknown whether <i>L. maculicollis</i> can establish and develop within common warm-season turfgrasses such as zoysiagrasses (<i>Zoysia matrella</i> L.) and hybrid bermudagrasses (<i>Cynodon dactylon</i> Pers. × <i>transvaalensis</i> Davy). Larvae reared on <i>Agrostis stolonifera</i> ‘Penncross’, an older cultivar, experienced a significant reduction in survivorship and longer development periods compared to a newer cultivar (Penn-A4) and <i>P. annua</i>. <i>Agrostis stolonifera</i> ‘Penncross’ possessed significantly greater quantities of carotenoids and flavonoid content, which may explain differences in host suitability among C3 turfgrasses. No larvae were recovered from C4 hosts in no-choice ovipositional assays, suggesting <i>Z. matrella</i> and <i>C. dactylon</i> × <i>transvaalensis</i> are nonviable hosts of <i>L. maculicollis</i>. Further investigation into the morphological and physiological defense mechanisms in <i>Z. matrella</i> and <i>C. dactylon</i> × <i>transvaalensis</i> may broaden our understanding of tolerance mechanisms not observed in C3 cool-season turfgrasses and provide guidance for future breeding efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.21363","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142247146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Industrial processing of chickpeas (Cicer arietinum) for protein production","authors":"Nushrat Yeasmen,&nbsp;Valérie Orsat","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21361","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21361","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The increasing global interest in plant-based proteins stems from concerns about the environmental impact, sustainability, animal welfare, and health implications associated with consuming animal-based proteins. In the frame of alternative protein sources, chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i>) emerged as a rich source of dietary proteins besides containing good amount of carbohydrate, fat, and fiber. As a protein ingredient, chickpea is available in three forms, namely, flour, concentrate, and isolate. This chickpea protein can be extracted using both wet and dry fractionation methods where the former one includes wet extraction followed by isoelectric precipitation, while the later one indicates dry milling followed by air classification. However, different nonthermal emerging technologies have been seen to assist in extracting protein as well as modifying their functionalities. This review gives an outline of the recently available literature on composition, industrial processing and associated technological challenges, functionality, and application of chickpea protein ingredients. Furthermore, discussion on the modification/improvement of chickpea protein functionality with the assistance of emerging technologies and the potentiality of by-products produced during chickpea protein processing are also included. Based on the available findings and discussion, it is seen that apart from being a comparable source of alternative animal-based protein to extract, chickpea derived by-products can also be a potential source of valued ingredients that might contribute to the circular economy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.21361","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142246268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}