Bulletin of the AAS最新文献

{"title":"The Challenge of Launching Geology Samples off of Mars is Easily Underestimated, Due to Tempting Misconceptions","authors":"J. Whitehead","doi":"10.3847/25C2CFEB.5CFB5C0A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/25C2CFEB.5CFB5C0A","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":108352,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the AAS","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115007203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Keys of a Mission to Uranus or Neptune, the Closest Ice Giants","authors":"T. Guillot, J. Fortney, E. Rauscher, M. Marley, V. Parmentier, M. Line, H. Wakeford, Y. Kaspi, R. Helled, M. Ikoma, H. Knutson, K. Menou, D. Valencia, D. Durante, S. Ida, S. Bolton, Cheng Li, K. Stevenson, J. Bean, N. Cowan, M. Hofstadter, R. Hueso, J. Leconte, Liming Li, C. Mordasini, O. Mousis, N. Nettelmann, K. Soderlund, M. Wong","doi":"10.3847/25C2CFEB.A267C514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/25C2CFEB.A267C514","url":null,"abstract":"Tristan Guillot, Jonathan Fortney, Emily Rauscher, Mark Marley Vivien Parmentier, Mike Line, Hannah Wakeford, Yohai Kaspi, Ravit Helled, Masahiro Ikoma, Heather Knutson, Kristen Menou, Diana Valencia, Daniele Durante, Shigeru Ida, Scott Bolton, Cheng Li, Kevin Stevenson, Jacob Bean, Nicolas Cowan, Mark Hofstadter, Ricardo Hueso, Jeremy Leconte,Liming Li,Christoph Mordasini, Olivier Mousis, Nadine Nettelmann, Krista Soderlund, Michael H. Wong","PeriodicalId":108352,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the AAS","volume":"202 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133880665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lunar Volatiles and Solar System Science","authors":"P. Prem, 'A. Kereszturi, A. Deutsch, C. Hibbitts, C. Schmidt, C. Grava, C. Honniball, C. Hardgrove, C. Pieters, D. Goldstein, D. C. Barker, D. Needham, D. Hurley, E. Mazarico, G. Dominguez, G. Patterson, G. Kramer, J. Brisset, J. Gillis‐Davis, J. Mitchell, J. Szalay, J. Halekas, J. Keane, J. Head, K. Mandt, K. Robinson, K. Luchsinger, L. Magaña, M. Siegler, M. Landis, M. Poston, N. Petro, P. Lucey, R. Killen, Shuai Li, S. Narendranath, S. Shukla, T. J. Barrett, T. Stubbs, T. Orlando, W. Farrell","doi":"10.3847/25C2CFEB.F62324B8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/25C2CFEB.F62324B8","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the origin and evolution of the lunar volatile system is not only compelling lunar science, but also fundamental Solar System science. This white paper (submitted to the US National Academies' Decadal Survey in Planetary Science and Astrobiology 2023-2032) summarizes recent advances in our understanding of lunar volatiles, identifies outstanding questions for the next decade, and discusses key steps required to address these questions.","PeriodicalId":108352,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the AAS","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128882874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Captured Small Solar System Bodies in the Ice Giant Region","authors":"T. Holt, B. Buratti, J. Castillo‐Rogez, B. Davidsson, T. Denk, J. Horner, B. Holler, Devanshu Jha, A. Lucchetti, D. Nesvorný, M. Pajola, S. Porter, A. Rhoden, Steven Rappolee, R. Schindhelm, L. Spilker, A. Verbiscer","doi":"10.3847/25C2CFEB.064D18C6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/25C2CFEB.064D18C6","url":null,"abstract":"This white paper advocates for the inclusion of small, captured Outer Solar system objects, found in the Ice Giant region in the next Decadal Survey. These objects include the Trojans and Irregular satellite populations of Uranus and Neptune. The captured small bodies provide vital clues as to the formation of our Solar system. They have unique dynamical situations, which any model of Solar system formation needs to explain. The major issue is that so few of these objects have been discovered, with very little information known about them. The purpose of this document is to prioritize further discovery and characterization of these objects. This will require the use of NASA and NSF facilities over the 2023 2032 decade, including additional support for analysis. This is in preparation for potential future insitu missions in the following decades.","PeriodicalId":108352,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the AAS","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126589118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composition and Dynamical Processes of Ions in Giant Magnetospheres: The Importance of In Situ Measurements for Advancing the Current Knowledge","authors":"Kyoungdae Kim","doi":"10.2172/1699429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1699429","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":108352,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the AAS","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117040137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of the study of igneous rocks and compositions to constrain the martian planetary evolution","authors":"A. Udry, J. Filiberto, J. Gross, M. Schmidt, D. Rogers, Libby Hausrath, R. Wiens, N. Lanza","doi":"10.3847/25C2CFEB.E06161BF","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/25C2CFEB.E06161BF","url":null,"abstract":"This white paper summarizes the scientific importance of studying igneous compositions in meteorites, surface samples, and through orbital analyses to better constrain the geology of Mars as a whole and better understand the geological processes that have shaped Mars in the past and present. In support of martian igneous studies, we strongly advocate for the following in the upcoming decade: \u00001. To sustain funding for meteorite recovery in order to have continued access to martian samples; \u00002. To support the return of igneous samples from Jezero crater; \u00003. To support funding for detailed analyses of igneous rocks at the martian surface; \u00004. To support laboratories and collaborations between sample, remote-sensing, and mission scientists; \u00005. To support curation facilities needed for not only meteorite samples, but also Mars sample return. \u0000The study of martian igneous compositions is crucial to the entire planetary community as it will help us to resolve questions about the formation and evolution of planetary interiors, climate and atmospheres, as well as habitability throughout the entire solar system.","PeriodicalId":108352,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the AAS","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115588710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MapX: An In-situ X-ray µ-Mapper for Habitability and Biosignature Studies","authors":"D. Blake, R. Walroth, P. Sarrazin, T. Bristow, M. Gailhanou, R. Downs, K. Thompson","doi":"10.5194/epsc2020-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/epsc2020-70","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>&#160; &#160;Introduction:</strong> The search for evidence of life or its processes on Mars takes on two major themes: 1), the identification of environments that have or once had the potential to harbor life (habitability); and 2), the detection of morphological or chemical features suggestive of extinct or extant life (biosignatures).&#160; Compositional heterogeneity at the mm-to-100&#181;m scale can reveal geological processes indicative of past or present habitability, and morphological and compositional heterogeneity on a similar length scale can provide evidence of life&#8217;s processes.&#160; The Mapping X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (MapX) is an arm-based in-situ instrument designed to identify these features on planetary surfaces [1].</p>\u0000<p>&#160;<strong>Instrument Description: </strong>MapX is a full-field elemental imager capable of analyzing samples in situ without sample preparation. MapX has no moving parts, a 1-cm depth of field, and is designed to utilize ²⁴⁴Cm radioisotope sources, eliminating the need for a High Voltage Power Supply or X-ray tube.&#160; Figure 1 shows a schematic of the instrument, which consists of X-ray / &#978;-ray / &#945;-particle sources, a focusing optic, and a CCD. The focusing lens is an X-ray micro-pore optic (MPO) which focuses X-ray photons 1:1 onto the CCD. The MPO has a large depth of field (~1cm) allowing rough unprepared surfaces to be imaged with minimal loss of resolution. The CCD is read out fast enough (several frames per second) so that each pixel records either a single photon from the sample or background. The number of electron hole pairs generated in a single pixel is directly proportional to the energy of the X-ray photon, and after summing a large number of individual frames, an XRF spectrum is generated for each pixel of the CCD. Each individual 0.3 sec. frame is a complete image; however many frames are necessary to produce quantifiable XRF spectra. Longer collection times will allow for improved signal to noise, but in the event a collection is interrupted the partial data will still yield a complete image.&#160; Downlinked data products include:&#160; Elemental maps 11<Z<40, instrument-selected [2] Regions of Interest (ROI) having common compositions, and quantifiable XRF spectra from ROI.&#160;&#160;</p>\u0000<p><img src=\"data:image/png;base64, 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","PeriodicalId":108352,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the AAS","volume":"152 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132269932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonbinary Systems: Looking towards the future of gender equity in planetary science","authors":"B. Strauss, Schuyler R. Borges, Thea H. Faridani, J. Grier, Avery Kiihne, Erin R. Maier, Charlotte Olsen, Theo J. O'Neill, Edgard G. Rivera-Valent'in, Evan L. Sneed, Dany Waller, Vic Zamloot","doi":"10.3847/25C2CFEB.3DDA24C5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/25C2CFEB.3DDA24C5","url":null,"abstract":"Gender equity remains a major issue facing the field of planetary science, and there is broad interest in addressing gender disparities within space science and related disciplines. Many studies of these topics have been performed by professional planetary scientists who are relatively unfamiliar with research in fields such as gender studies and sociology. As a result, they adopt a normative view of gender as a binary choice of 'male' or 'female,' leaving planetary scientists whose genders do not fit within that model out of such research entirely. Reductive frameworks of gender and an overemphasis on quantification as an indicator of gendered phenomena are harmful to people of marginalized genders, especially those who live at the intersections of multiple axes of marginalization such as race, disability, and socioeconomic status. In order for the planetary science community to best serve its marginalized members as we move into the next decade, a new paradigm must be established. This paper aims to address the future of gender equity in planetary science by recommending better survey practices and institutional policies based on a more profound approach to gender.","PeriodicalId":108352,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the AAS","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124384792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Scientific Impact of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory’s Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) for Solar System Science","authors":"Vera collaboration, R. L. Jones, M. Bannister, B. Bolin, C. O. Chandler, S. Chesley, S. Eggl, S. Greenstreet, T. Holt, H. Hsieh, Z. Ivezi'c, Mario Juri'c, M. Kelley, M. Knight, R. Malhotra, W. J. Oldroyd, G. Sarid, M. Schwamb, C. Snodgrass, M. Solontoi, D. Trilling","doi":"10.3847/25C2CFEB.D8909F28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/25C2CFEB.D8909F28","url":null,"abstract":"Vera C. Rubin Observatory will be a key facility for small body science in planetary astronomy over the next decade. It will carry out the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), observing the sky repeatedly in u, g, r, i, z, and y over the course of ten years using a 6.5 m effective diameter telescope with a 9.6 square degree field of view, reaching approximately r = 24.5 mag (5-{sigma} depth) per visit. The resulting dataset will provide extraordinary opportunities for both discovery and characterization of large numbers (10--100 times more than currently known) of small solar system bodies, furthering studies of planetary formation and evolution. This white paper summarizes some of the expected science from the ten years of LSST, and emphasizes that the planetary astronomy community should remain invested in the path of Rubin Observatory once the LSST is complete.","PeriodicalId":108352,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the AAS","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128181597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathways to Sustainable Planetary Science","authors":"M. Ćuk, A. Virkki, T. Kohout, E. Lellouch, J. Lissauer","doi":"10.3847/25C2CFEB.BAA637FD","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/25C2CFEB.BAA637FD","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is a major impending threat to the future of humanity. According to the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), our emissions are estimated to have caused 0.8 deg C-1.2 deg C of anthropogenic global warming (AGW) above pre-industrial levels. AGW is likely to reach 1.5 degrees C between 2030 and 2052 if it continues to increase at the current rate. As the climate change is driven by the release of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases (GHG) into the atmosphere, there is a broad consensus that the mitigation of climate change requires transition to low GHG emission energy sources, technologies and practices. Implementing such changes systematically from individual to community-wide scales together with the resulting cultural changes and leadership towards environmental consciousness and responsibility are crucial to mitigate the looming damage of AGW. Given planetary scientists' wide recognition of the realities of climate change, and the need for us to maintain credibility by leading by example, it is appropriate to make own professional behavior more environmentally responsible. While scientists are few in numbers, and planetary scientists far fewer, high volumes of academic travel to conferences, panels, colloquia, and research collaboration visits together with extensive use of large, energetically demanding infrastructures make the \"carbon footprint\" of scientists much higher than that of an average citizen. This White Paper focuses on how modifying our activities, particularly associated with academic travel, can affect the carbon footprint of the planetary science community, and it makes recommendations on how the community and the funding agencies could best participate in the cultural change required to mitigate the damage that AGW will cause.","PeriodicalId":108352,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the AAS","volume":"280 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124222990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}