Current Fungal Infection Reports最新文献

{"title":"Disseminated Histoplasmosis Infection in HIV-Negative Patients: Series Case and Literature Review","authors":"T. M. Ferrisse, A. F. L. Rocha, L. N. Miotto, Maria Letícia de Almeida Lança, E. Massucato, A. Bufalino","doi":"10.1007/s12281-021-00414-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-021-00414-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10813,"journal":{"name":"Current Fungal Infection Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12281-021-00414-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42697483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: Epidemiology and Risk Factors, Pathogenesis, Resistance, and New Therapeutic Options","authors":"Janaina Cássia Orlandi Sardi, D. R. Silva, P. C. Anibal, Julianna Joanna Carvalho Moraes Campos Baldin, Suellen Rodrigues Ramalho, P. Rosalen, M. L. Macedo, J. Hofling","doi":"10.1007/s12281-021-00415-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-021-00415-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10813,"journal":{"name":"Current Fungal Infection Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12281-021-00415-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49501515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathology in the Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Diseases","authors":"H. Jensen","doi":"10.1007/s12281-021-00412-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-021-00412-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10813,"journal":{"name":"Current Fungal Infection Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12281-021-00412-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47911089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Candida auris:</i> Diagnostic Challenges and Emerging Opportunities for the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory.","authors":"C Keighley,&nbsp;K Garnham,&nbsp;S A J Harch,&nbsp;M Robertson,&nbsp;K Chaw,&nbsp;J C Teng,&nbsp;S C-A Chen","doi":"10.1007/s12281-021-00420-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-021-00420-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review summarises the epidemiology of <i>Candida auris</i> infection and describes contemporary and emerging diagnostic methods for detection and identification of <i>C. auris</i>.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>A fifth <i>C. auris</i> clade has been described. Diagnostic accuracy has improved with development of selective/differential media for <i>C. auris</i>. Advances in spectral databases of matrix-associated laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) systems have reduced misidentification. Direct detection of <i>C. auris</i> in clinical specimens using real time PCR is increasingly used, as is whole genome sequencing (WGS) to track nosocomial spread and to study phylogenetic relationships and drug resistance.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong><i>C. auris</i> is an important transmissible, nosocomial pathogen. The microbiological laboratory diagnostic capacity has extended beyond culture-based methods to include PCR and WGS. Microbiological techniques on the horizon include the use of MALDI-TOF MS for early echinocandin antifungal susceptibility testing (AST) and expansion of the versatile and information-rich WGS methods for outbreak investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10813,"journal":{"name":"Current Fungal Infection Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12281-021-00420-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39110989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigational Agents for the Treatment of Resistant Yeasts and Molds.","authors":"Garret T Seiler,&nbsp;Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner","doi":"10.1007/s12281-021-00419-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-021-00419-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review summarizes the investigational antifungals in clinical development with the potential to address rising drug resistance patterns. The relevant pharmacodynamics, spectrum of activity, preclinical studies, and latest clinical trial data are described.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Agricultural and medicinal antifungal use has been selected for inherently drug-resistant fungi and acquired resistance mechanisms. The rates of fungal infections and immunocompromised populations continue to grow as few new antifungals have hit the market. Several agents with the potential to address the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) molds and yeasts are in clinical development.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Evolved formulations of echinocandins, polyenes, and triazoles offer less toxicity, convenient dosing, and greater potency, potentially expanding these classes' indications. Ibrexafungerp, olorofim, oteseconazole, and fosmanogepix possess novel mechanisms of actions with potent activity against MDR fungi. Successful clinical development is neither easy nor guaranteed; thus, perpetual efforts to discover new antifungals are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":10813,"journal":{"name":"Current Fungal Infection Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12281-021-00419-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39051510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Diagnosis of Yeast Infections.","authors":"P Lewis White,&nbsp;Jessica S Price,&nbsp;Alan Cordey,&nbsp;Matthijs Backx","doi":"10.1007/s12281-021-00421-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-021-00421-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The use of molecular tests to aid the diagnosis of invasive yeast infection, in particular invasive candidosis, has been described for over two decades, yet widespread application is limited, and diagnosis remains heavily dependent on classical microbiology. This article will review developments from the past decade in attempt to build on existing knowledge. It will highlight clinical performance and limitations while reviewing developments on recognized procedures; it will also provide insight into novel approaches incorporated in response to clinical demand (e.g. <i>C. auris</i> and antifungal resistance) or technological advances (e.g. next-generation sequencing).</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Limited methodological standardization and, until recently, unavailability of commercial options have hindered the integration of molecular diagnostics for yeasts. The development of certain, novel commercial methods has received considerable evaluation allowing a greater understanding of individual assay performance, but widespread multicentre evaluation of most commercial kits is lacking. The detection of emerging pathogens (e.g. <i>C. auris</i>) has been enhanced by the development of molecular tests. Molecular methods are providing a better understanding of the mycobiome, mechanisms of resistance and epidemiology/phylogeny.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Despite over two decades of use, the incorporation of molecular methods to enhance the diagnosis of yeast infections remains limited to certain specialist centres. While the development of commercial tests will provide stimulus for broader application, further validation and reduced costs are required. Over the same period of time, <i>Aspergillus</i> PCR has become more widely accepted driven by international efforts to standardize methodology; it is critical that yeast PCR follows suit. Next-generation sequencing will provide significant information on the mycobiome, antifungal resistance mechanism and even broad-range detection directly from the specimen, which may be critical for the molecular detection of yeasts other than <i>Candida</i> species, which is currently limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":10813,"journal":{"name":"Current Fungal Infection Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12281-021-00421-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10709395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of Triazole Resistance in <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. in Latin America.","authors":"Daiana Macedo,&nbsp;Florencia Leonardelli,&nbsp;Soledad Gamarra,&nbsp;Guillermo Garcia-Effron","doi":"10.1007/s12281-021-00418-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-021-00418-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Azole resistance in <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. is becoming a public health problem worldwide. However, data about this subject is lacking in Latin American countries. This review focuses in the epidemiology and molecular mechanisms of azole resistance in <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. emphasizing in Latin America. Data on <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> stands out because it is the most prevalent <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. pathogen.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Azole resistance in <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. emergence was linked with intensive use of these antifungals both in the clinical setting and in the environment (as pesticides). Reports on azole-resistant <i>A. fumigatus</i> strains are being constantly published in different countries. Molecular mechanisms of resistance mainly involve substitution in the azole target (<i>CYP51A</i>) and/or overexpression of this gene. However, several other non-<i>CYP51A</i>-related mechanisms were described. Moreover, intrinsically resistant cryptic <i>Aspergillus</i> species are starting to be reported as human pathogens.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>After a comprehensive literature review, it is clear that azole resistance in <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. is emerging in Latin America and perhaps it is underestimated. All the main molecular mechanisms of azole resistance were described in patients and/or environmental samples. Moreover, one of the molecular mechanisms was described only in South America. Cryptic intrinsic azole-resistant species are also described.</p>","PeriodicalId":10813,"journal":{"name":"Current Fungal Infection Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12281-021-00418-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38940800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skin Fungal Infections in Children: Diagnostic Challenges","authors":"M. García-Romero, Gabriela Sánchez-Cárdenas, S. Carmona-Cruz, M. Fernández-Sánchez","doi":"10.1007/s12281-020-00407-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-020-00407-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10813,"journal":{"name":"Current Fungal Infection Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12281-020-00407-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46006994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of Effective Antifungal Stewardship in Cancer Patients—A Review of Current Evidence","authors":"A. Khanina, A. Douglas, K. Thursky","doi":"10.1007/s12281-020-00408-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-020-00408-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10813,"journal":{"name":"Current Fungal Infection Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12281-020-00408-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43852007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Mucormycosis","authors":"A. Chakrabarti, Shreya Singh","doi":"10.1007/s12281-020-00406-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-020-00406-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10813,"journal":{"name":"Current Fungal Infection Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12281-020-00406-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43587084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}