Katarina Popovic, Andrés F Henao-Martínez, Marcus de Melo Teixeira, Elton Bill Amaral de Souza, Mendrika Rakotoarisaona, Nelson Iván Agudelo Higuita
{"title":"Updates on Chromoblastomycosis: Evolving Insights in Clinical Management and Therapeutic Strategies.","authors":"Katarina Popovic, Andrés F Henao-Martínez, Marcus de Melo Teixeira, Elton Bill Amaral de Souza, Mendrika Rakotoarisaona, Nelson Iván Agudelo Higuita","doi":"10.1007/s12281-026-00532-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12281-026-00532-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The aim of this review is to provide an in-depth overview of chromoblastomycosis, with emphasis on emerging management strategies and therapeutic options, and to underscore potential gaps in the literature and priorities for future research.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Among the newer triazoles, posaconazole has demonstrated greatest therapeutic potential in the treatment of chromoblastomycosis, including for severe and refractory disease. Adjunctive immunomodulatory therapies such as glucan, imiquimod, and acitretin have shown potential as well. Several novel and repurposed agents also have potential activity against dematiaceous fungi, including tricyclazole, HIV peptidase inhibitors, 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione, and benzimidazoles. A recently proposed combination protocol with debulking, intralesional amphotericin B, and oral terbinafine (DAT protocol) achieved cure in all 16 included patients in a 2025 case series. While excisional surgery remains the preferred physical therapeutic modality, several reports have shown favorable results with both photodynamic and heat therapy.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Chromoblastomycosis continues to pose a therapeutic challenge, requiring prolonged antifungal therapy often combined with physical therapeutic modalities. Improved access to diagnostics and early intervention remain essential to reducing global disease burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":10813,"journal":{"name":"Current Fungal Infection Reports","volume":"20 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13148373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tahsin Farid, Keyla C Tumas, Heather A Stone, Mili Duggal
{"title":"The Current Landscape of Repurposed Drugs for Fungal Neglected Tropical Diseases.","authors":"Tahsin Farid, Keyla C Tumas, Heather A Stone, Mili Duggal","doi":"10.1007/s12281-025-00504-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-025-00504-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Eumycetoma, chromoblastomycosis, and sporotrichosis are three of only four fungal infections recognized as Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) by the World Health Organization. They are a significant source of morbidity in subtropical and tropical regions of the Americas, Africa, and Asia. There are very few treatments approved for these diseases. Clinicians often use drug repurposing, off-label use of existing drugs, for their treatment. This article is a systematic review of the published literature on the treatment of fungal NTDs from the last five years (2019-2024). It will provide an overview for each fungal NTD, their current treatment landscape, and the challenges associated with their treatment.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Itraconazole remains the most widely used antifungal for the treatment of these fungal NTDs. Newer antifungals such as fosravuconazole have matched the efficacy of currently available drugs while reducing adverse events and pill burden. Other promising treatment strategies involve the use of immunomodulators (e.g., imiquimod), steroids (e.g., prednisolone), or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents in combination with traditional antifungal agents.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Frequently repurposed drugs include itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B, terbinafine, potassium iodide, and 5-flucytosine. Most of these drugs have significant side effects, unsatisfactory cure rates, and significant cost that restricts their use. Systematic collection of this drug repurposing data and analyzing it in aggregate using platforms such as CURE ID has the potential to generate efficacy signals for drugs. These promising candidates can then be studied comprehensively in clinical trials for drug approval.</p>","PeriodicalId":10813,"journal":{"name":"Current Fungal Infection Reports","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12363401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144945945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alyson M Cavanaugh, Amanda Ribeiro Dos Santos, Dayvison Francis Saraiva Freitas, James Venturini, Ahmed Fahal, Conceição Azevedo, Jeremy A W Gold
{"title":"Quality of Life, Disability, and Fungal Neglected Tropical Diseases.","authors":"Alyson M Cavanaugh, Amanda Ribeiro Dos Santos, Dayvison Francis Saraiva Freitas, James Venturini, Ahmed Fahal, Conceição Azevedo, Jeremy A W Gold","doi":"10.1007/s12281-025-00503-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12281-025-00503-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review summarizes current literature about the disability burden of the fungal neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) sporotrichosis, chromoblastomycosis, eumycetoma, and paracoccidioidomycosis. The review highlights current knowledge gaps in global settings and describes available tools that could be adopted to fill these gaps.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Sporotrichosis, chromoblastomycosis, and eumycetoma often present initially as skin lesions that can become progressively disfiguring, lead to stigmatization, and cause various sequalae affecting health and function. Chronic paracoccidioidomycosis can have systemic involvement and commonly results in impaired pulmonary function, which can limit activities of daily living and employment capacity. Use of standardized tools to quantify disability with fungal NTDs has been limited to date. Standardized tools to measure the impacts on quality of life and mental health are available and have been used for similar patient populations, including persons with other fungal diseases and persons with non-fungal skin NTDs.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Fungal NTDs can be disabling. Improved understanding of the quality of life and mental health consequences might lead to greater awareness of the burden of fungal NTDs and enhance health planning to address the health and rehabilitation needs of persons affected by these diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":10813,"journal":{"name":"Current Fungal Infection Reports","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12416368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145029285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Candida in COVID-19: Gut-Lung Axis, Dysbiosis, and Infections","authors":"Milena Kordalewska, David S. Perlin","doi":"10.1007/s12281-023-00476-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-023-00476-y","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Purpose of Review This review discusses the connections between the gut-lung axis, gut and respiratory tract dysbiosis, and Candida bloodstream, oral, and respiratory infections in COVID-19 patients. Recent Findings COVID-19–related dysfunction in the intestinal barrier together with gut and lung dysbiosis played an important role in disease pathophysiology, which affected host immune homeostasis giving rise to prominent systemic and respiratory bacterial and fungal infections. Higher incidence of Candida bloodstream infections driven by accumulation of “classic” risk factors in severely ill COVID-19 patients was noted. Moreover, numerous C. auris outbreaks, characterized by high clonality of the strains, were reported from all around the world. Unlike other Candida species, C. auris colonization and infection cases most likely resulted from nosocomial transmission. Summary Infections due to Candida species in severely ill COVID-19 patients reflected the overall immune dysregulation and were largely driven by gut and respiratory tract dysbiosis.","PeriodicalId":10813,"journal":{"name":"Current Fungal Infection Reports","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135993477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emerging Challenges in Diagnosis and Treatment of Invasive Fungal Infections: Addressing the Impact of COVID-19 and New Pathogens","authors":"Ali Ahmadi, Bahareh Bashardoust, Mahsa Abdorahimi, Selva Aminizadeh, Mohammadreza Salehi, Sadegh Khodavaisy","doi":"10.1007/s12281-023-00475-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-023-00475-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10813,"journal":{"name":"Current Fungal Infection Reports","volume":"139 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136235768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Norma Olivia de la O-Escamilla, Dulce Melissa Martínez–Téllez, Miguel Ángel Sánchez-Romero, Elizabeth Esther Cortés-Salazar, Mirna Eréndira Toledo-Bahena, Carlos Alfredo Mena-Cedillos, Sonia Toussaint–Caire, Marcela Salazar–García, Adriana Valencia-Herrera, Alexandro Bonifaz
{"title":"Tinea Nigra in Children","authors":"Norma Olivia de la O-Escamilla, Dulce Melissa Martínez–Téllez, Miguel Ángel Sánchez-Romero, Elizabeth Esther Cortés-Salazar, Mirna Eréndira Toledo-Bahena, Carlos Alfredo Mena-Cedillos, Sonia Toussaint–Caire, Marcela Salazar–García, Adriana Valencia-Herrera, Alexandro Bonifaz","doi":"10.1007/s12281-023-00473-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-023-00473-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10813,"journal":{"name":"Current Fungal Infection Reports","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135981435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antifungal Prophylaxis in the Era of Targeted Chemotherapy for Acute Myelogenous Leukemia","authors":"R. Lewis, M. Stanzani","doi":"10.1007/s12281-023-00474-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-023-00474-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10813,"journal":{"name":"Current Fungal Infection Reports","volume":"17 1","pages":"250 - 261"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47791729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Scoping Review of the Changing Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Endogenous Candida Ocular Infections","authors":"Z. Pek, J. Bork","doi":"10.1007/s12281-023-00468-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-023-00468-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10813,"journal":{"name":"Current Fungal Infection Reports","volume":"17 1","pages":"188 - 194"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41846559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}