Candida in COVID-19: Gut-Lung Axis, Dysbiosis, and Infections

IF 2.3 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Current Fungal Infection Reports Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI:10.1007/s12281-023-00476-y

Milena Kordalewska, David S. Perlin

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Abstract Purpose of Review This review discusses the connections between the gut-lung axis, gut and respiratory tract dysbiosis, and Candida bloodstream, oral, and respiratory infections in COVID-19 patients. Recent Findings COVID-19–related dysfunction in the intestinal barrier together with gut and lung dysbiosis played an important role in disease pathophysiology, which affected host immune homeostasis giving rise to prominent systemic and respiratory bacterial and fungal infections. Higher incidence of Candida bloodstream infections driven by accumulation of “classic” risk factors in severely ill COVID-19 patients was noted. Moreover, numerous C. auris outbreaks, characterized by high clonality of the strains, were reported from all around the world. Unlike other Candida species, C. auris colonization and infection cases most likely resulted from nosocomial transmission. Summary Infections due to Candida species in severely ill COVID-19 patients reflected the overall immune dysregulation and were largely driven by gut and respiratory tract dysbiosis.

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2019冠状病毒病中的念珠菌:肠-肺轴、生态失调和感染

本文综述了COVID-19患者肠-肺轴、肠道和呼吸道生态失调以及念珠菌血流、口腔和呼吸道感染之间的关系。新冠肺炎相关肠道屏障功能障碍与肠道和肺部生态失调在疾病病理生理中发挥重要作用，影响宿主免疫稳态，引起突出的全身和呼吸道细菌和真菌感染。报告指出，在COVID-19重症患者中，由于“经典”风险因素的积累，念珠菌血流感染的发生率较高。此外，世界各地报告了以菌株高克隆性为特征的许多金黄色葡萄球菌暴发。与其他念珠菌不同，耳念珠菌的定植和感染病例很可能是由医院传播引起的。COVID-19重症患者念珠菌感染反映了整体免疫失调，主要由肠道和呼吸道生态失调驱动。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Fungal Infection Reports INFECTIOUS DISEASES-

CiteScore

3.10

自引率

7.10%

发文量

期刊介绍： This journal intends to provide clear, insightful, balanced contributions that review the most important, recently published clinical findings related to the diagnosis, treatment, management, and prevention of fungal infections. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as advances in diagnosis, current and emerging management approaches, and genomics and pathogenesis. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. Commentaries from well-known figures in the field are also provided, and an international Editorial Board reviews the annual table of contents, suggests articles of special interest to their country/region, and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research.