Proceedings - The Eleventh International Symposium GRID 2022最新文献

{"title":"The “Do-it-yourself (DIY)” brand design strategy through computational design tools","authors":"A. Manavis, N. Efkolidis, K. Kakoulis, P. Kyratsis","doi":"10.24867/grid-2022-p75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24867/grid-2022-p75","url":null,"abstract":"The three-dimensional form of a product is a key element in the development of a brand identity through the computational design methodology. Brand identity has an in-depth relationship with the object’s shape and product assembliness. In traditional mass production design methodologies, designers encode specific parameters into design rules that aren’t used by end-users to customize their own products. The “Do-It-Yourself (DIY)” process enable users to express themselves through the design thinking approach. Self-design is a form of co-creation between designer's knowledge and customer's skills according to the branded product design parameters. Under this statement, the object’s geometrical form and the product assembliness are fundamental principles in the promotion of a holistic design identity to the industry and to the market. The current paper combines the use of computational design with specific parameters of DIY bookcase/desk (i.e., height, length, width, number of shelves, etc.) in order to develop a generative design system for the mass customization of DIY bookcases/desks alternatives. The results from the end-user application offer, automatically alternatives 3D models under the \"Do-It-Yourself\" brand umbrella.","PeriodicalId":107864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - The Eleventh International Symposium GRID 2022","volume":"16 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124912568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Waste paper molding using 3D printed tools","authors":"Teodora Gvoka, Gojko Vladić, Gordana Bošnjaković, Katarina Maričić","doi":"10.24867/grid-2022-p18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24867/grid-2022-p18","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of this paper includes research into the possibility of using different waste paper materials for the production of new graphic packaging, in order to reduce the percentage of paper waste, give new life to waste paper materials, and reduce the production and use of virgin paper packaging materials. The subject of this paper also includes research into the possibility of using the FDM technique of additive manufacturing in the production of molds for casting, that is, the design of future paper packaging. The molding process is used to form the shape of paper pulp, while the forming process is used to form the shape of solid paper materials.","PeriodicalId":107864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - The Eleventh International Symposium GRID 2022","volume":"332 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122843177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infographics in digital ads: A/B testing for content optimization","authors":"D. Bratić, Denis Jurečić, Tajana Koren Ivančević, M. Strgar Kurečić","doi":"10.24867/grid-2022-p26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24867/grid-2022-p26","url":null,"abstract":"Internet users are bombarded every day with various ads, and they try to block them in all possible ways. If they do not block them, they usually pay little attention to them. Therefore, ads need to be creative and provide as much relevant information as possible about the advertised product or service at a glance in order to lead to conversions. For this purpose, the benefits of infographics can be used very well, in addition to dynamic forms of ads that consist of audio and video elements, especially in a responsive web environment. This type of advertising is also great for posting on social media, where the flow of information and responses is very fast. Infographics actually represent a visual presentation of information through a combination of typography, symbols, pictograms, shapes, and colours and are used to present complex information quickly and clearly. The use of infographics as one of the multimedia elements in digital advertising contributes to the optimization of advertising content, which also contributes to SEO optimization. To investigate the extent to which infographics in digital advertising can contribute to the optimization of advertising content in a responsive web environment, A/B testing of multimedia advertising content presented through infographics and content that contained all relevant information about the advertiser and was not presented in the form of an infographic was conducted on two types of screens. The A/B testing model itself provides the opportunity to maximize conversion rates, but it also provides a significant increase in knowledge about how advertising content is presented. It can also establish a set of optimized practices for multimedia elements of ad content. The proposed testing model provides the perfect opportunity to properly test your ad before launch. The same analogy can be applied to other multimedia elements used to create ads, such as photos, animations, colours, content management system elements, etc. The obtained results provide valuable information about infographics possibilities in advertising content optimization in a responsive web environment because they load faster, are suitable for small screens, and do not tire users.","PeriodicalId":107864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - The Eleventh International Symposium GRID 2022","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123883297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legibility analysis of self-designed typeface with eye-tracking device","authors":"Patricija Rauh, G. Franken, K. Možina","doi":"10.24867/grid-2022-p90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24867/grid-2022-p90","url":null,"abstract":"Typography appears in every aspect of our lives. It is closely intertwined with the representation of information, communication, and our cultural and national identity. Until the invention of computer in printing, only a few typefaces were in use. Then, almost overnight, a flood of new typefaces appeared in different type styles or in their combinations. Nowadays, a vast number of tools is available for designing typefaces, enabling almost anyone to do it. Nevertheless, not every typeface is well designed and useful, i.e. legible. A successful type design requires following the established aesthetic and technical principles. Moreover, it should follow perceptual principles. This study was concerned with evaluating the legibility of various useful typefaces in comparison to a self-designed typeface. The self-designed typeface was not based only on the principles of good legibility. Its design was based also on the paintings by the Slovenian Art Nouveau and later Impressionist painter Matija Jama, whose 150th birthday is celebrated this year. The Impressionist painter’s typeface should not only have the qualities of artistic style, but also be usable, i.e. legible, for a longer text. To determine which type size is optimal for such a text, the test of legibility was conducted. The legibility of the self-designed typeface was analysed along with three other well-known and useful typefaces, i.e., an old style typeface (Minion), a transitional typeface (Bentham) and a sans serif typeface (Gill Sans). The reading speed and number of fixations were analysed using a Tobii 120X eyetracking device. Different texts in all four typefaces in three different type sizes (i.e. 16, 21 and 26 px) were displayed on a 24-inch LCD display. The twenty tested individuals were aged between 19 and 23 years. The results showed that the choice of a particular type size affected the reading speed and legibility. It was also found that for some typefaces, different type sizes, when read, require more fixations. The results of our study show that a self-designed typeface is useful, i.e. legible, at larger type sizes. An appropriate type style and size can improve legibility on displays.","PeriodicalId":107864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - The Eleventh International Symposium GRID 2022","volume":"22 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120965879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring odor associations based on packaging visual elements","authors":"Dorotea Kovačević, Dajana Kupres, Fran Šepat, M. Brozović","doi":"10.24867/grid-2022-p57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24867/grid-2022-p57","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have shown that packaging design can influence people’s expectations regarding product attributes. This study explored the role of packaging visual design in presenting a nonvisual attribute (i.e. odor) by investigating consumers’ responses to various graphic designs displayed on perfume packaging. Particularly, the aim was to examine how different visual elements (such as patterns, photographs and illustrations) influence product choices, preferences and odor associations. 136 people participated in the study, with approximately equal numbers of males and females. They were presented with 10 packaging samples. The samples were of the same shape and size but with different visual elements. The results of the experiment confirmed that participants associated highly recognizable objects with their specific odors. For example, a lemon pattern was paired with a fresh smell, and an image of a rose was paired with a floral smell. On the other hand, when packaging presented odor-neutral objects, the participants’ responses were not uniform. The design which was associated with the largest range of smells was the one with a photograph of a human body, which was paired with three different perfume types (namely, floral, woody and oriental). When data were split by gender, the results suggested that men had a preference for regular and sharp visual shapes. Another relevant finding is that perception of perfume packaging can be influenced by age. Young participants mostly preferred abstract visual shapes for perfume presentations. The results of the choice task indicated that young participants were more sensitive to variations in design than mature participants. Furthermore, they associated most of the packaging designs with more than one type of smell. The findings can be useful for successful perfume packaging design, especially when young consumers are the main target audience.","PeriodicalId":107864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - The Eleventh International Symposium GRID 2022","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128954737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gamification and serious games methodologies in education","authors":"Imelda Zadeja, Jozef Bushati","doi":"10.24867/grid-2022-p66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24867/grid-2022-p66","url":null,"abstract":"Gamification as a concept was defined for the first time two decades ago, as the use of game elements in a non-game context. Specific game elements like points, challenges, badges and leaderboard are incorporated in the learning process in order to increase motivation, engagement, and satisfaction to students. On the other hand, serious games are interactive video games that have a defined purpose of learning and practicing skills rather than entertainment. Serious games aim to improve problem solving skills, critical thinking and learn specific knowledge through playing video games that are software that have specific learning oriented purpose. The first purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast different aspects of gamification and serious games in the education domain, in order to identify appropriate applicable environments for these two approaches. Another purpose is to identify models and frameworks to apply gamification and serious games that are more effective to increase motivation and engagement to students. The final purpose is to identify in which courses these approaches are more applicable and help to improve the learning process by increasing creativity, motivation, engagement and problem solving skills. Methodology of this research is realized by analyzing different research papers in conferences proceedings and journals in the last two decades for concepts of game based learning, gamification in education and serious games evolved over the years. Also questionnaires are conducted for academic staff of Albania universities to measure perception and identify challenges and strategies of incorporating these approaches in the learning process. We conducted qualitative and quantitative research analysis in order to achieve results to fulfill the purposes of this research in all the aspects. This research represents conclusions and recommendation related approaches to evolve gamification and serious games methodologies in the education system in Albania. The paper aims to suggest practices and some of the most appropriate and effective models to apply gamification and serious games during the learning process.","PeriodicalId":107864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - The Eleventh International Symposium GRID 2022","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131327068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paragraph development in scientific and technical writing","authors":"Jelisaveta Šafranj, Vesna Bogdanović, Vesna Bulatović","doi":"10.24867/grid-2022-p65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24867/grid-2022-p65","url":null,"abstract":"A paragraph is a grouping of sentences, a way of carving them up into connected sets so as to reduce the diversity of their thoughts to manageable proportions. Normally readers will expect a paragraph to have a single focus and one role since it is defined as a group of sentences developing a single idea, concept, thought, and topic. Overlong paragraphs, with too many sentences in them, have numerous drawbacks. The text becomes under organized and difficult to follow. However, paragraphs should not be too short. If paragraphs are reduced to just one or two sentences, then they cease to have this organizing rationale and become heteronymous cogs, turning as the argument progresses but not doing any useful work. For English-speaking readers, short paragraphs in technical writing will also make the text look disconnected, fragmented, and uncertain. A paragraph's pattern is important in making an argument look coherent and well organized because it is a unit of thought. In general, a paragraph should make one point, or one component part of a single broader point. Where a paragraph handles miscellaneous unconnected points, as it is sometimes necessary to round out an argument, this role should be explicitly signaled to readers because they will not expect it. The relationship between the ideas in an EST (English for Science and Technology) paragraph and between the items of information and the core generalization is expressed by several techniques. Sometimes the nature of the material the writer has available determines the applied technique, but at other times, the writer makes his own decisions as to the best way of presenting the relationships between his ideas. In the first case, we are dealing with natural techniques, and in the second, with logical techniques, and they are not mutually exclusive.","PeriodicalId":107864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - The Eleventh International Symposium GRID 2022","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133849044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of antifungal packaging coating for bread","authors":"L. Gegeckienė, Dovilė Rožėnaitė, I. Venytė, G. Petriaszwili","doi":"10.24867/grid-2022-p55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24867/grid-2022-p55","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main concerns in the world is health. The expansion of the food industry has also led to an increase in human morbidity. Therefore, nutrients, especially food additives, started to be more closely controlled after the emergence of scientifically proven threats. Even though these substances are strictly observed to ensure appropriate quantities and materials are used, consumer opinion is still negative towards them. Another crucial problem is the environment. Plastic waste generated in greater vast each year is accumulating and taking more and more space not only on land but also in water and even air. This is because plastic is cheap, strong and quickly made material leading to being the main type of packaging nowadays and creating this loophole situation. By combining naturally occurring substances, new packaging can be created to have the needed qualities. The purpose of the study was to create the coating with the synergetic essential oils mix for bread to replace the usual plastic package with an environmentally friendly and mould-resistant option.","PeriodicalId":107864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - The Eleventh International Symposium GRID 2022","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114861455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in printing","authors":"Ivana Tomić, Ivan Pinćjer, Nada Miketić, S. Adamović","doi":"10.24867/grid-2022-p49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24867/grid-2022-p49","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence has entered into many aspects of our lives – from virtual assistants and Netflix's recommendations, to fraud prevention and autonomous vehicles. In this paper we present an overview of the current use of artificial intelligence in printing industry. We discuss what does it imply for printers and clients, and how it might be used in the future. Since the main idea behind creating artificial intelligence is to mimic the capabilities of human mind, it does not surprise the fact that in printing it is mostly use for monitoring and decision making. Smart algorithms for choosing different layouts in order to minimize print waste, automated process control, creating targeted catalogues, are just a few examples. Even though the printing industry is one of the few not so disrupted by AI, it seems that the things are changing, and we might expect to see more of AI in printing in the near future.","PeriodicalId":107864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - The Eleventh International Symposium GRID 2022","volume":"401 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132488951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of emotion expression on frontal and profile facial images","authors":"A. Iskra","doi":"10.24867/grid-2022-p22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24867/grid-2022-p22","url":null,"abstract":"Expressions of emotions are often found in facial images. In addition to the neutral facial expression, we know six basic expressions of emotion: joy, anger, sadness, fear, surprise, and disgust. The similarity of some emotion expressions sometimes leads to incorrect recognition or confusion of two emotions. In our study, we tried to find out how these substitutions manifest in the recognition of emotions on frontal and profile face images. The results of the substitutions in emotion recognition were presented with a substitution matrix. The second part of the study focused on confirming these results with the analysis of facial feature observation and fixation duration. In the analysis of facial features, the three main facial features (eyes, mouth, and forehead with nasal) that attract the most attention were considered. Fixation duration was also measured for these facial features. The basis of the research equipment was an eye tracker, which we used to define the areas of interest (AOI) for the analysis. The results of the observational proportions of facial features confirmed a relatively large scale of substitutions of the emotions fear and surprise, anger and disgust, and partial fear and disgust in frontal facial images. In profile facial images, the most frequent incorrect recognition were the emotions happiness and surprise, anger and disgust, fear and disgust, and anger and sadness. Since there is less information about the face in the profile facial image than in the frontal facial images, the results also confirmed a higher proportion of incorrect recognition in the profile face images and thus a more difficult recognition of emotions in the profile face images. The greater extent of incorrect recognition was also confirmed by the fixation duration results. Both results (observation proportions of facial features and fixation duration) were also presented in a graph.","PeriodicalId":107864,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - The Eleventh International Symposium GRID 2022","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122427411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}