Crop Protection最新文献

{"title":"First report of Fusarium scirpi causing leaf spot on coconut seedlings in Ghana","authors":"Joshua Obeng ,&nbsp;Egya Ndede Yankey ,&nbsp;Frederick Leo Sossah ,&nbsp;Bashiru Adams ,&nbsp;Samuel Azupio ,&nbsp;Allen Oppong ,&nbsp;Joseph Adomako ,&nbsp;Esther Afoley Annang ,&nbsp;Stephen Larbi-Koranteng ,&nbsp;Ophelia Afriyie Obeng ,&nbsp;Esther Agyemang Marfo ,&nbsp;Owusu Fordjour Aidoo","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coconut (<em>Cocos nucifera</em> L.) is an important tree crop cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions. In 2021, leaf spot symptoms were observed on coconut seedlings at a nursery in Kade, Ghana, with a disease incidence of approximately 85 %, resulting in significant growth reduction. The causal agent was isolated and identified based on morphological characteristics and multilocus phylogenetic analyses using sequences of the internal transcribed spacer, translation elongation factor 1-alpha, and large subunit sequences. The pathogen was identified as <em>Fusarium scirpi Lambotte &amp; Fautrey</em>, one of several fungi recovered from symptomatic tissues. Pathogenicity was confirmed through greenhouse inoculation of Vanuatu Tall coconut seedlings with the pathogen, satisfying Koch's postulates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of <em>F. scirpi</em> causing leaf spot on coconut in Ghana. These findings provide a basis for developing targeted disease management strategies and highlight the need for further research into sustainable control measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107380"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen fertilization modulates trophic dynamics in tea plantations: Differential bottom-up effects on herbivores and natural enemies","authors":"Ji Huang ,&nbsp;Junjie Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinlin Yang ,&nbsp;Haozhuo Yang ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Linghui Wang ,&nbsp;Yaying Li ,&nbsp;Huai Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The tea plant (<em>Camellia sinensis</em>), a globally cultivated perennial crop, requires substantial nitrogen fertilization to support tender bud and leaf production. However, nitrogen inputs influence phytophagous pest dynamics by modulating plant growth and physiological traits in host plants, concurrently affecting natural enemy efficacy. Optimized nitrogen management is therefore essential to balance agronomic productivity and ecological pest control in tea cultivation systems. To clarify the effects of nitrogen application rates on arthropod populations, we conducted a field experiment repeated in 2023 and 2024 with four nitrogen treatments (0, 120, 240, and 360 kg ha⁻¹) in Yibin, Sichuan, China. Results revealed taxon-specific responses: Among herbivores, <em>Empoasca onukii</em> populations showed positive correlations with nitrogen rates in spring but negative correlations in autumn. Thrips abundance peaked under moderate nitrogen application (240 kg ha⁻¹) in spring and decreased at higher or lower levels. By contrast, populations of spider mites, phytophagous stink bugs, and <em>Aleurocanthus spiniferus</em> showed no consistent nitrogen-response patterns, although significant nitrogen × sampling time interactions occurred. Among natural enemies, parasitic arthropods demonstrated nitrogen sensitivity. Fairyfly populations (egg parasitoids of <em>E. onukii</em>) increased with nitrogen inputs during summer but declined in autumn, a pattern that closely tracked <em>E. onukii</em> population dynamics. Parasitic wasp abundance, however, showed positive responses to nitrogen both in summer and autumn. Lady beetles and <em>Anystis baccarum</em> showed no clear population-nitrogen correlation, despite significant nitrogen rates × sampling time interaction. These findings indicate nitrogen-mediated bottom-up regulation for <em>E. onukii</em>, thrips and parasitic natural enemies in tea agroecosystem, providing empirical support for optimizing nitrogen management to reconcile productivity and sustainable pest control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107373"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144895560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Habitat requirement analyses can guide pest rodent management in oil palm plantations: Evidence from Sabah, Malaysia","authors":"Nur Athirah Asrif ,&nbsp;Mohd Noor Hafidzi ,&nbsp;Maisarah Burhanuddin ,&nbsp;Badrul Azhar","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pest rodents consistently inflict substantial financial losses on the Southeast Asian oil palm industry, underscoring the critical need for effective management strategies to sustain these vital plantations. While chemical rodenticides have been a common tool, commercial growers seldom adopt ecologically based approaches. This study employed habitat requirement analysis using small mammal traps to guide more ecological pest management practices. Our findings indicate that the diverse structural and resource characteristics linked to different oil palm stand ages directly impact rodent abundance and body weight, thus supporting the necessity of ecologically informed management. Predictive modelling identified planted fields as the primary source of captured rodents, with lower numbers in housing and riverine areas, highlighting planted fields as key targets for effective pest control. Furthermore, our research revealed differential body weight patterns among rodent species, as plantation habitat alone did not significantly influence the weight of dominant species (<em>Rattus rattus diardii</em> and <em>Rattus argentiventer</em>). These observations emphasize the importance of considering species-specific behaviors and habitat preferences when implementing pest control strategies in oil palm plantations. Overall, this study highlights the value of prolonged trapping efforts, particularly in mature stands, as an effective and ecologically sound tool for managing pest rodent populations, while acknowledging the ecological factors contributing to body weight variations across habitat types. Understanding these habitat requirements is crucial for managers to make better-informed decisions regarding the spatial and temporal allocation of pest control efforts, and rodent trapping aligns with environmental sustainability principles by reducing reliance on chemical interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144892076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field efficacy, adult emergence, and yield evaluation of the corn rootworm transgenic events in Vorceed™ Enlist® corn and SmartStax® PRO hybrid corn against corn rootworms (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)","authors":"Timothy Mabry,&nbsp;Jeffrey Klever,&nbsp;Christianah Oladoye,&nbsp;Timothy Nowatzki,&nbsp;James Bing,&nbsp;Amit Sethi,&nbsp;Michael Price,&nbsp;Lu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Western corn rootworms (WCR; <em>Diabrotica virgifera virgifera</em> LeConte) and northern corn rootworm (NCR; <em>Diabrotica barberi</em> Smith &amp; Lawrence) are prominent pests of corn production in the US Corn Belt. Yield and efficacy studies were conducted at 33 locations from 2020 to 2023 in the U.S.; while corn rootworm beetle emergence studies were conducted at 12 locations from 2022 to 2023 on corn hybrids containing belowground traits for the control of WCR and NCR. Treatments included only the CRW transgenic events contained in the following products: 1) Control “no CRW traits”, 2) Vorceed Enlist Corn “DP-004114-3 x MON-87411-9”, and 3) SmartStax PRO “DAS-59122-7 x MON-87411-9”. Analyses of root injury revealed that DP-004114-3 x MON-87411-9 and DAS-59122-7 x MON-87411-9 exhibited similar performance, with root injury ratings of 0.26 and 0.25, respectively, on the Iowa State University 0–3 node-injury scale. In contrast, the control showed significantly higher root injury of 1.57 NIS. Over multiple locations and years, the CRW transgenic events in DP-004114-3 x MON-87411-9 and DAS-59122-7 x MON-87411-9 demonstrated a significant yield advantage of 27.7 and 25.7 bu/acre, respectively, over the unprotected control. DP-004114-3 x MON-87411-9 reduced CRW beetle emergence by 90.4 % compared to the control. The CRW transgenic events in Vorceed Enlist and SmartStax PRO, novel event combinations both with RNAi technology, will provide effective new tools for management of the corn rootworm pest complex.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107371"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144900510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid detection of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ through recombinase polymerase amplification-based lateral flow assay (RPA-LFA) in citrus using crude sap","authors":"Damini Diksha ,&nbsp;Baby Wangkhem ,&nbsp;V. Kavi Sidharthan ,&nbsp;Susheel Kumar Sharma ,&nbsp;Virendra Kumar Baranwal","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107365","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107365","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Citrus is one of the most widely cultivated fruit crops worldwide. Citrus plants affected with Huanglongbing (HLB) disease can endure significant yield and quality losses. For management of HLB and avoiding further losses, a sensitive and rapid detection tool for the pathogen causing HLB is essential. In the present study, a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay integrated with a lateral flow assay (LFA) optimized for both DNA and crude sap templates was developed to rapidly detect '<em>Candidatus</em> Liberibacter asiaticus' (CLas), the major species causing HLB in India and worldwide. A specific primer pair and probe designed based on the conserved <em>outer membrane protein</em> (<em>OMP</em>) gene of CLas were employed in the assay. The developed HLB-RPA-LFA was specific to CLas as it did not cross-react other major citrus pathogens. The developed HLB-RPA-LFA performed better when DNA and crude sap templates were incubated at 37 °C for 25 min. The maximum detection limit of the assay was 1 pg of CLas DNA and 10⁻⁴ dilution of crude sap derived from CLas-infected plants. Further, the developed assay was used to detect CLas in different citrus cultivars grown in various citrus orchards of India using crude sap as template. Owing to the sensitive, rapid, and specific detection of CLas, the developed HLB-RPA-LFA has a great potential for use by nurserymen, disease surveyors, and plant pathologists as an improved detection tool for CLas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107365"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144900511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal olfactory response of Philaenus spumarius (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae) towards traditional Portuguese olive cultivars","authors":"Isabel Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Jacinto Benhadi-Marín ,&nbsp;Nuno Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Paula Baptista ,&nbsp;José Alberto Pereira","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In Portugal, the strength of the olive sector relies on the great genetic heritage of traditional olive cultivars. However, this genetic heritage is threatened by the causal agent of olive quick decline syndrome (OQDS), the phytopathogenic bacteria <em>Xylella fastidiosa</em>, reported for the first time in 2019 in the country. This vector-borne pathogen is transmitted by xylem-feeding insects such as <em>Philaenus spumarius</em> the main European vector. Since there is no cure for this pathogen, the implementation of an integrated approach against the vectors should be considered to prevent and limit the spread of <em>X. fastidiosa</em>. In this sense, an in-depth assessment of the host plant preferences of the main European vector of <em>X. fastidiosa</em> is crucial to understand their seasonal dynamics towards olive cultivars to determine the most susceptible to vector attack. This work aimed to assess the olfactory response of <em>P. spumarius</em>, to five traditional Portuguese olive cultivars: “Cobrançosa”, “Negrinha de Freixo”, “Santulhana”, “Madural”, and “Verdeal Transmontana” in two separate seasons (Spring and Autumn). Our results showed that <em>P. spumarius</em> presented significantly different olfactory responses toward the different cultivars under study. In Spring, females and males were significantly attracted to “Negrinha de Feixo”; in Autumn, females were significantly attracted to “Cobrançosa”. In general, the olfactory response toward the five cultivars was sex-dependent and could be related to the volatile composition. In Spring, the cultivar “Negrinha de Freixo” can be more susceptible to <em>P. spumarius</em> and that the olfactory response towards the olive cultivars can vary throughout the life cycle of the vector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 107367"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of eggs and larvae of the corn earworm to sublethal λ-cyhalothrin exposure and chlorantraniliprole","authors":"Blake H. Elkins,&nbsp;R. Michelle Mullen,&nbsp;Nathan S. Little,&nbsp;K. Clint Allen,&nbsp;Kenya Dixon,&nbsp;Shane Scheibener,&nbsp;Yuzhe Du","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The corn earworm, <em>Helicoverpa zea</em> (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a major economic pest of multiple crops. This pest has some tolerance to pyrethroid insecticides and may become exposed to sublethal concentrations in the field. It is unclear how sublethal exposure to pyrethroids impacts mortality from a diamide insecticide, a preferred chemical management option for the corn earworm. A laboratory bioassay was conducted on eggs, neonates, and third instar larvae from multiple field colonies and a susceptible laboratory colony to estimate the sublethal effects of λ-cyhalothrin and mortality to subsequent exposure from chlorantraniliprole. The results indicated significant differences in susceptibility to λ-cyhalothrin between life stages and colonies of the corn earworm. Elevated cytochrome P450 activity was observed but did not indicate significant differences in pyrethroid susceptibility. Significant sublethal effects, which were indicated by the decreased weight of third instar larvae, were found from the LC₅ and LC₅₀ exposure levels across colonies and life stages. The LC₅₀ also led to significantly more mortality from a single concentration of chlorantraniliprole in a diet-incorporated assay. These results reiterate the importance of monitoring corn earworm for pyrethroid susceptibility. They also provide a better understanding of the efficacy of mixtures and rotations of other chemistries with pyrethroids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144890508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Steinernema carpocapsae as a promising biological control agent against Spodoptera frugiperda pupae","authors":"Geng Meng Chen ,&nbsp;Aleena Alam ,&nbsp;Chen Ge ,&nbsp;Khalid Ali Khan ,&nbsp;Hamed A. Ghramh ,&nbsp;Jamin Ali ,&nbsp;Adil Tonğa ,&nbsp;Qiyun Li ,&nbsp;Rizhao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), such as <em>Steinernema carpocapsae</em>, are recognised as effective biological control agents against various insect pests. The fall armyworm (<em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em>), a destructive lepidopteran pest, causes significant damage to crops and has developed resistance to chemical insecticides, highlighting the need for alternative control strategies. While much research has focused on other pests, limited studies have explored the interactions between <em>S. carpocapsae</em> and <em>S. frugiperda</em> pupae. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of <em>S. carpocapsae</em> against the pupal stage of <em>S. frugiperda</em>. Nematode preferences were tested across several experimental conditions, including comparisons between control and pupae, 1-, 5-, and 10-day-old pupae, female versus (vs.) male pupae, and uninfected vs. pupae infected for 24 or 48 h. The impact of light and dark conditions on nematode attraction was examined. Additionally, adult survival and oviposition were assessed in both infected and uninfected pupae. Results demonstrated a strong preference of <em>S. carpocapsae</em> for pupae over controls, with higher parasitism observed in 1-day-old pupae compared to older pupae and in pupae infected for 24 h compared to those infected for 48 h. No significant preference was observed between female and male pupae. Nematode survival was significantly higher in dark conditions compared to light conditions. Adults emerging from infected pupae exhibited significantly reduced survival and oviposition, with prolonged (48 h) exposure causing greater detriment than shorter (24 h) exposure. These findings highlight the potential of <em>S. carpocapsae</em> as a promising biological control agent against <em>S. frugiperda</em>, particularly during the pupal stage. This study provides valuable insights into the application of EPNs for sustainable pest management strategies in agricultural ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 107369"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lethal and sublethal toxicity of sulfoxaflor on the coccinellid Adalia bipunctata (L.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)","authors":"Laura Depalo,&nbsp;Edison Pasqualini,&nbsp;Alberto Lanzoni","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The conservation of beneficial insects in agroecosystems, in combination with biological and chemical control, is essential for integrated pest management (IPM) thus, the ban on neonicotinoids has prompted the search for alternative solutions compatible with these principles. Sulfoxaflor, a sulfoximine-based insecticide, has been proposed as a replacement, but its impact on non-target species, such as the two-spotted ladybird <em>Adalia bipunctata</em> (L.), remains insufficiently studied. This coccinellid is a versatile predator, primarily feeding on aphids, and commercialized in Europe as biological control agent. This research evaluated the lethal and sublethal effects of sulfoxaflor on <em>A. bipunctata</em> compared to imidacloprid. Laboratory bioassays assessed mortality, development, fecundity, fertility, and demographic parameters using a population model. Results showed that sulfoxaflor had significantly lower mortality than imidacloprid, with no adverse effects on larvae and minimal impact on adults. While imidacloprid reduced survival, fecundity, and population growth, sulfoxaflor at higher concentrations slightly increased egg fertility and female fecundity, suggesting potential hormetic effects. Demographic modeling indicated that <em>A. bipunctata</em> populations exposed to imidacloprid experienced delayed growth, whereas sulfoxaflor-exposed populations exhibited faster recovery. These findings support sulfoxaflor as a selective and environmentally compatible alternative to neonicotinoids in IPM programs. Further research should explore its long-term ecological effects in field conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 107366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-fermentation of nematode-antagonistic fungi, Aspergillus niger, and Talaromyces cystophila, with a plant homogenate of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch to manage Meloidogyne enterolobii in tomato","authors":"Yasar Nishat,&nbsp;Qian Chen,&nbsp;Dayu Lan,&nbsp;Aatika Sikandar,&nbsp;Hai Yan Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Root-knot nematode (<em>Meloidogyne</em> spp.) is a devastating soilborne pathogen. Exploring environmentally friendly control strategies for plant nematodes is necessary. One preferred strategy is using microorganisms and plant resources against the plant-parasitic nematode. The present study evaluated the fermentation of <em>Rehmannia glutinosa</em> combined with five different biocontrol fungi. Among the tested biocontrol fungi, the combined fermentation of <em>R. glutinosa</em> and <em>Aspergillus niger</em> (R + A) and <em>Talaromyces cystophila</em> (R + T) exhibited vigorous nematicidal activity and egg-hatching inhibition against <em>Meloidogyne enterolobii</em>. Mortality of second-stage juveniles (J2s) was 100 % after exposure to R + A and R + T for 24 h. The median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) of the R + A and R + T after 72 h of exposure was 0.513 mg/mL and 1.929 mg/mL, respectively. Egg-hatching inhibition rates were 93.86 % and 88.85 % after 15 d of exposure to R + A and R + T, respectively, with the median effective concentration (EC₅₀/15 d) being 0.566 mg/mL and 2.257 mg/mL, respectively. Pot experiments further confirmed that root-knot nematode reproduction in tomato plants was effectively suppressed by R + A and R + T. At 25 mg/mL, egg numbers were reduced by 69.42 % and 56.03 %, while the number of nematodes in the roots decreased by 58.79 % and 59.79 %, respectively, compared to the control. The R + T and R + A help tomato plants grow better, showing their potential to support healthy plant development. These findings suggest that R + T and R + A show strong potential as biocontrol agents against <em>M. enterolobii</em> and need further investigation for practical application in nematode management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10785,"journal":{"name":"Crop Protection","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107368"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144890630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}