Current drug safety最新文献

{"title":"Current Cannabidiol Safety: A Review.","authors":"Chander Singh, Komal Rao, Nikita Yadav, Yogesh Vashist, Palak Chugh, Nidhi Bansal, Neha Minocha","doi":"10.2174/1574886317666220902100511","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1574886317666220902100511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Marijuana, also known as cannabis, is the second most widely used illegal psychoactive substance smoked worldwide after tobacco, mainly due to the psychoactive effects induced by D-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (9-THC). Cannabidiol (CBD) is extracted from cannabis and may be used as an anti-inflammatory agent. Some patents on cannabidiol are discussed in this review. The cannabinoid is a non-psychoactive isomer of the more infamous tetrahydrocannabinol (THC); and is available in several administration modes, most known as CBD oil.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to provide an enhanced review of cannabidiol properties used in treating inflammation. This review also emphasises the current safety profile of cannabidiol.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cannabis is also called Marijuana. It is the second most commonly used illegal psychoactive substance in the universe after tobacco. D-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (9-THC) present in cannabis produces psychoactive effects. Cannabidiol (CBD) extracted from cannabis is used for antiinflammatory purposes. Cannabis smoking causes various types of cancer, such as lung, tongue, and jaw. The current review took literature from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Google Patents. Many clinical investigations are included in this review.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>After analysing the literature on cannabis, it has been suggested that although cannabis is banned in some countries, it may be included in the treatment and mitigation of some diseases and symptoms like pain management, epilepsy, cancer, and anxiety disorder. Mild side effects were frequently observed in cannabis medications, which included infertility in females, liver damage, etc. Conclusion: Cannabis contains chemical compounds such as the cannabinoids delta-9- tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a psychoactive substance, and non-psychoactive cannabidiol (CBD). Cannabidiol has been confirmed as an efficient treatment of epilepsy in several clinical trials, with one pure CBD product named Epidiolex. It is also used in treating anxiety and acne, as a pain reliever, and has anti-inflammatory properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":10777,"journal":{"name":"Current drug safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9552965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Safe and Novel Outpatient Subcutaneous Vitamin B12 Desensitization Protocol in A Patient with Crohn's Disease and Vitamin B12 Allergy: A Case Report.","authors":"Sara W Van Meerbeke,&nbsp;Andrej A Petrov,&nbsp;Arthur M Barrie Iii,&nbsp;Merritt L Fajt","doi":"10.2174/1574886317666220328160026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574886317666220328160026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although rare, some patients may have a vitamin B12 allergy. Crohn's disease commonly leads to significant vitamin B12 deficiency, especially in those patients that have undergone ileal resection. In these difficult cases, vitamin B12 desensitization may be required.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Here, we report a successful case of a serial outpatient subcutaneous vitamin B12 desensitization protocol in a 35-year-old female with a past medical history of Crohn's disease status post ileal resection, subsequent vitamin B12 deficiency, and allergy to subcutaneous vitamin B12.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first subcutaneous vitamin B12 desensitization protocol reported to have been safely performed in the outpatient setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":10777,"journal":{"name":"Current drug safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10860255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ensuring Safe Transfusion Practices through Haemovigilance: India <i>vis-a-vis</i> Global Scenario.","authors":"Ruhi Rana,&nbsp;Sastha Ram Veluri Kishore,&nbsp;Gagandeep Kaur,&nbsp;Gurvinder Singh,&nbsp;Rajesh Kumar","doi":"10.2174/1574886318666221206114638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574886318666221206114638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Haemovigilance is the monitoring of the essential components of blood transfusion from its initial stages to the final outcome considering all the safety parameters and hazards that co-exist with it. It primarily aims to ensure the quality as well as safety related to the use of blood and blood products utilizing the standard healthcare framework and a tailored vigilance program for efficient outcomes. Initially, the art of vigilance was started with the therapeutic products available in the market giving some groundbreaking data on their safety which later led to the implementation of timely measures to control adverse events significantly. Several incidents have occurred during the collection, transport, storage, and transfusion of blood and to stop these incidences of hazard, haemovigilance came into existence with France becoming the first country to step in followed by several nations across the world with customized guidelines directing it to the best. The majorly reported problems include bacterial infections, hemolytic and immune reactions. The present writeup reviews the inception and development of haemovigilance programs with a global scenario, a detailed study of the haemovigilance program adopted in India, and the updated status of these programs in various countries across the globe.</p>","PeriodicalId":10777,"journal":{"name":"Current drug safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9547889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Dose versus Conventional-dose Oral Isotretinoin Regimens: A Systematic Review on Randomized Controlled Comparative Studies of Different Regimens.","authors":"Lili Legiawati,&nbsp;Alessa Fahira,&nbsp;Iqbal Taufiqqurrachman,&nbsp;Ghafur R Arifin,&nbsp;Ucca R Widitha","doi":"10.2174/1574886317666220613162225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574886317666220613162225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The effectiveness of Isotretinoin is superior compared to other acne therapies, particularly in reducing acne lesion counts. Concerns, however, arise relating to the most optimal dosage regimen with the best efficacy and lesser side effect.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We intend to review existing randomized controlled comparative studies of isotretinoin in different regimens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and ScienceDirect were searched. The inclusion criteria is the RCT article. Full-text reading excluded articles that did not use GAGS as the method of measurement. Out of 921 articles that were electronically searched, 6 RCTs were extracted and summarized descriptively. After full-text reading, 4 RCTs were included. We then conducted risk of bias assessments for the selected studies using The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across all trials, low-dose regimens were preferable in all types of acne-owing to its similar efficacy to conventional dose but with fewer occurrence of side effects as well as better patients' satisfaction and compliance. Furthermore, a continuous low-dose regimen had the best efficacy in comparison to other regimens of low-dose treatment.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The limitations of our study include a slight difference in dosage between selected studies. Other limitations are that some studies did not explain the side effects and relapse rate thoroughly and did not state the compliance scoring method used.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review recommends continuous low-dose treatment as the chosen regimen for acne vulgaris. However, further evaluation regarding relapse rate compared to the conventional dose is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":10777,"journal":{"name":"Current drug safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9601675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adalimumab <i>versus</i> Infliximab Treatment Outcome in Ulcerative Colitis: Application of EQ-5D, Visual Analogue Scale, and IBDQ-9 Measures: A Prospective Observational Study.","authors":"Hassan Karami,&nbsp;Farbod Ebadi Fard Azar,&nbsp;Kamran Bagheri Lankarani,&nbsp;Aziz Rezapour,&nbsp;Sulmaz Ghahramani,&nbsp;Abdolvahab Baghbanian","doi":"10.2174/1574886317666220526153518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574886317666220526153518","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic global disease, and its incidence and prevalence are increasing worldwide.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our objective was to compare the secondary outcome of treatment with Infliximab (IFX) and Adalimumab (ADA) in the UC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a one-year prospective observational study of moderate- to -severe UC patients treated with ADA or IFX. Patients' secondary health outcomes were measured using the EQ-5D 3L, EQ-VAS, and IBDQ-9 tools. T-test, Mann-Whitney, chi-square, and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among UC patients. HRQoL predictor variables were identified by multivariate linear regression and multivariate logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 238 UC patients (patients taking IFX: 78, patients taking ADA: 160) with a mean age of 37.66 and a mean disease duration of 9.29 years were enrolled. The EQ-5D index, EQ-VAS, and IBDQ-9 scores of patients taking IFX were 0.65, 55.93 and, 37.42, respectively. Similarly, patients taking ADA were 0.68, 59.27 and, 36.61, respectively. The highest problem reports were in P/D: 86.1% and A/D: 73.5%. The main independent predictors of HRQoL were: education over 12 years (β = 0.054 [EQ-5D index], β = 13.63 [EQ-VAS], OR: 0.28 [MO], OR: 0.07 [SC]), education between 6-12 years (β = 11.23 [EQ-VAS]), and having \"other chronic diseases\" (β = -0.074 [EQ-5D index], β = -5.29 [IBDQ-9], OR: 2.84 [UA], OR: 3.80 [A/D]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was no significant difference between the effect of ADA and IFX on secondary health outcomes in patients with moderate-to-severe UC.</p>","PeriodicalId":10777,"journal":{"name":"Current drug safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9602190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pattern of Adverse Drug Reactions among Pregnant Women and Pediatric Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital.","authors":"Neha Rani","doi":"10.2174/1574886317666220404105653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574886317666220404105653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) among pregnant women and pediatric patients are a significant public health concern. ADRs monitoring and documentation are considered essential practices to decrease the chances of ADRs and ensure the safe use of drugs.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Therefore, the study was designed to evaluate the pattern of adverse drug reactions among pregnant women and pediatric patients in a tertiary care hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted at Kalpana Chawla Government Medical College and Hospital, Karnal, Haryana, for a period of 2 years. During this period, ADRs reported by the healthcare professionals of gynecology and pediatric department to the ADRs monitoring centre of our institute were included in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 54 total ADRs, 40 ADRs occurred among pregnant women, and 14 ADRs were reported in pediatric patients. The majority of the ADRs were observed in the age group of 21-30 years (pregnant women) and 3-5 years (pediatric patients). Antibiotics were most commonly implicated in ADRs among pregnant women (60%) and pediatric patients (79%). In our study, the dermatological system was mostly affected among pregnant women and pediatric patients. Urticaria, contact dermatitis, and erythematous rash were the most commonly reported ADRs among pregnant women and pediatric patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Over-prescribing and irrational use of antibiotics make these vulnerable populations more susceptible to ADRs and antibiotic resistance. Therefore, there is a need to create awareness among health care professionals regarding the spontaneous reporting of ADRs for ensuring drug safety and reducing morbidity and mortality among pregnant women and pediatric patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":10777,"journal":{"name":"Current drug safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9428072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perception and Self-Medication Practices Among the General Population During the Ongoing COVID-19 Pandemic in Mangalore, India.","authors":"Nitin Joseph,&nbsp;Sumith Marian Colaco,&nbsp;Ronel Valentine Fernandes,&nbsp;Sarvesh G Krishna,&nbsp;Sourav I Veetil","doi":"10.2174/1574886317666220513101349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574886317666220513101349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The practice of self-medication appears to be much more rampant during the- COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, awareness about its consequences is essential among the general population during the current circumstances.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To study the prevalence of and perception towards self-medication, as well as its determinants among the general population of Mangalore.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was done during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2021. Data were collected using a Microsoft form disseminated among residents of Mangalore through WhatsApp and email.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the 225 participants in this study was 34.5±15.2 years. Self-medication practice was indulged by 77(34.2%) out of the total participants. The most common symptom for which self-medication was practiced was for common cold [54(70.1%)], and the most commonly used drug was paracetamol [67(87%)]. 167(74.2%) participants felt that self-medication practices were harmful, but the rest 58(25.8%) felt that it was not a harmful practice. 116 (51.6%) participants felt that the advertisements in mass media and social media promoted self-medication practices among people. Out of the 69(30.7%) participants who felt that self-medication practice was acceptable during the current circumstances, the majority [66(95.6%)] felt that it was better to avoid visiting any doctor or health care facility presently to avoid acquiring COVID-19. In the multivariable analysis, participants with a history of self-medication among their family members, relatives, or friends were more likely to indulge in self-medication (p<0.001). Perceptions that self-medication practices were harmful were more among females (p=0.0397).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More than one-third of the participants indulged in self-medication practice. More than one-fourth of the participants felt that self-medication practices were not harmful. About one-third felt it was acceptable, and most of them felt so to avoid the risk of contracting the Coronavirus infection. Awareness of its hazards, particularly among males and those with a family history of selfmedications, is required at Mangalore.</p>","PeriodicalId":10777,"journal":{"name":"Current drug safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9430560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse Drug Reactions in Corona Virus Disease Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit: An Observational Study.","authors":"Nazia Nazir,&nbsp;Deepti Chopra,&nbsp;Bharti Bhandari,&nbsp;Jaspreet Kaur Sidhu","doi":"10.2174/1574886317666220513095618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574886317666220513095618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Occurrence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in COVID-19 patients has not been extensively studied.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The present study was conducted to analyze the pattern of suspected ADRs in the COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit (ICU).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, all the individual case study reports of patients admitted to the COVID ICU (August-October 2020) were analyzed for type of ADRs, system involved, suspected drug, onset time, time to revert and management.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty six patients (out of 395 patients admitted) experienced 44 ADRs. Dermatological manifestations were the most frequent ADRs. Remdesivir was the most common drug associated with ADRs. The female gender, polypharmacy (>5 drugs) and presence of comorbidities were the independent risk factors for the occurrence of ADRs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Use of many of these drugs in COVID-19 is experimental and the literature does not guarantee their safety and efficacy. During these times of uncertainty, the results from the present study reinforce the importance of monitoring patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":10777,"journal":{"name":"Current drug safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9430561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complications and Efficacy of Sinopharm Vaccine among Liver and Kidney Transplantation.","authors":"Rozita Khodashahi,&nbsp;Mohsen Aliakbarian,&nbsp;Mahin Ghorban Sabbagh,&nbsp;Kambiz Akhavan Rezayat,&nbsp;Mandana Khodashahi,&nbsp;Ebrahim Khaleghi,&nbsp;Maliheh Dadgar Moghaddam,&nbsp;Baran Razmkhah,&nbsp;Mahdi Nik Nazar,&nbsp;Nadia Sheikhi","doi":"10.2174/1574886317666220304122420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574886317666220304122420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are various vaccines against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, vaccination may lead to some complications.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the complications of transplant recipients who received the Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted among 667 transplant recipients (211 liver transplant recipients and 456 kidney transplant recipients) who received the Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine from March to August 2021 and had medical records in Montaserieh Hospital, affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. The demographic and clinical information, as well as patient's symptoms after each dose of the vaccine, were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only 16.8% and 13.7% of the patients experienced some symptoms following the first and second doses of the Sinopharm vaccine, respectively. No significant difference was observed between patients younger than 50 years and those aged 50 years and over in terms of the complication rate of the Sinopharm vaccine (P>0.005). Vaccine failure was reported in 10% of the cases; however, the mortality rate due to infection with the Delta variant of COVID-19 in this population was reported to be 0.7%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the obtained results, adverse reactions of the Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine are generally mild, predictable, and non-life-threatening both in the first and second doses. Vaccine failure was reported in 10% of the cases; however, mortality due to infection with the Delta variant of COVID-19 was reported in less than 1% of the cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":10777,"journal":{"name":"Current drug safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10662423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Azathioprine and Acenocoumarol Drug Interaction in Patients with Crohn's Disease: A Case Report.","authors":"Syrine Ben-Hammamia,&nbsp;Ons Charfi,&nbsp;Anis Belhadj,&nbsp;Amal Bouchrika,&nbsp;Faouzi Chebbi,&nbsp;Ghozlane Lakhoua,&nbsp;Sihem El Aidli","doi":"10.2174/1574886317666220425113613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574886317666220425113613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acenocoumarol is an anticoagulant with numerous drug reactions. We report here, an unusual interaction between acenocoumarol and azathioprine.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 35-year-old woman, treated with acenocoumarol for thrombosis of the superior mesenteric vein, was prescribed azathioprine for Crohn's disease. Three days later, INR values decreased from 2.36 to 1.48. The dose of acenocoumarol had to almost be doubled to reach an INR value of 2.56. The interaction between azathioprine and acenocoumarol was then suspected. Few similar cases of interactions between azathioprine and another coumarin derivative, warfarin, have been reported. To our knowledge, this is the second case of such interaction reported with acenocoumarol in literature.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Thus, despite the rarity of this interaction reporting, we draw attention to the importance of close monitoring of INR values in patients treated with acenocoumarol associated with azathioprine.</p>","PeriodicalId":10777,"journal":{"name":"Current drug safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10866374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}