Current Gastroenterology Reports最新文献_第6页

Neurogastroenterology and Motility Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Cystic Fibrosis. 神经胃肠病学和胃肠运动障碍的囊性纤维化。

Current Gastroenterology Reports Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-023-00906-4

Dhiren Patel, Folashade Jose, Jason Baker, Baha Moshiree

{"title":"Neurogastroenterology and Motility Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Cystic Fibrosis.","authors":"Dhiren Patel, Folashade Jose, Jason Baker, Baha Moshiree","doi":"10.1007/s11894-023-00906-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11894-023-00906-4","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To discuss all the various motility disorders impacting people with Cystic Fibrosis (PwCF) and provide diagnostic and management approaches from a group of pediatric and adult CF and motility experts and physiologists with experience in the management of this disease.Recent findings: Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms coexist with pulmonary symptoms in PwCF regardless of age and sex. The GI manifestations include gastroesophageal reflux disease, esophageal dysmotility gastroparesis, small bowel dysmotility, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome, distal idiopathic obstruction syndrome, constipation, and pelvic floor disorders. They are quite debilitating, limiting the patients' quality of life and affecting their nutrition and ability to socialize. This genetic disorder affects many organ systems and is chronic, potentially impacting fertility and future family planning, requiring a multidisciplinary approach. Our review discusses the treatments of motility disorders in CF, their prevalence and pathophysiology. We have provided a framework for clinicians who care for these patients that can help to guide their clinical management.","PeriodicalId":10776,"journal":{"name":"Current Gastroenterology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"9-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138498022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ARFID at 10 years: A Review of Medical, Nutritional and Psychological Evaluation and Management. ARFID 10年：医学、营养和心理评估与管理综述。

Current Gastroenterology Reports Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-023-00900-w

Martin Fisher, Jacqueline Zimmerman, Caroline Bucher, Lauren Yadlosky

{"title":"ARFID at 10 years: A Review of Medical, Nutritional and Psychological Evaluation and Management.","authors":"Martin Fisher, Jacqueline Zimmerman, Caroline Bucher, Lauren Yadlosky","doi":"10.1007/s11894-023-00900-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11894-023-00900-w","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is a diagnostic term that was established 10 years ago to describe those patients with an eating disorder, mostly children and adolescents, who have poor nutrition that is not due to body image or weight concerns. This article reviews the diagnosis and subtypes of ARFID, as well as the medical, nutritional and psychological principles of evaluation and management of the disorder.Recent findings: In the past 10 years, clinicians have refined their approaches to managing the two major subtypes of ARFID: (1) those patients with a longer-term restriction in the amount and/or variety of the foods they eat, and (2) those patients with a shorter-term decrease in eating because of fear of aversive consequences such as vomiting, choking, GI symptoms or an allergic reaction to food. In that same time, the field of psychology has been developing evidence-based approaches to management of ARFID in each of its manifestations. Each patient with ARFID presents with a unique set of medical, nutritional and psychological factors that requires an individualized and multi-disciplinary approach in the management of this difficult to treat disorder.","PeriodicalId":10776,"journal":{"name":"Current Gastroenterology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"421-429"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41143251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Esophageal Radiography Interpretation: a Primer for the Gastroenterologist. 食道放射学解读：胃肠科医生的入门知识。

Current Gastroenterology Reports Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-023-00903-7

Catiele Antunes, Joshua A Sloan

{"title":"Esophageal Radiography Interpretation: a Primer for the Gastroenterologist.","authors":"Catiele Antunes, Joshua A Sloan","doi":"10.1007/s11894-023-00903-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11894-023-00903-7","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Radiological studies can be helpful when evaluating patients with suspect esophageal disorders. From benign strictures to malignancy and motility disorders such as achalasia, imaging modalities play a significant role in diagnosis. This review explores the role of different imaging modalities in the most frequently encountered esophageal pathologies.Recent findings: Conventional barium esophagram has long been considered the primary imaging modality of the esophagus. In the same fashion, a timed barium esophagram is a valuable tool in the evaluation of achalasia and esophagogastric junction outlet obstruction. Over the last few decades there has been an increase in CT and MRI studies, which also play a role in the evaluation of esophageal pathologies. However, not infrequently, these newer imaging techniques can result in incidental esophageal findings. It is important that gastroenterologists appreciate the value of different modalities and recognize key imaging features. The diagnosis and management of esophageal disorders is evolving. A basic understanding of esophageal radiology is essential to any gastroenterologist caring for patients with esophageal complaints.","PeriodicalId":10776,"journal":{"name":"Current Gastroenterology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"363-373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71479102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisiting Proton Pump Inhibitors as Chemoprophylaxis Against the Progression of Barrett's Esophagus. 质子泵抑制剂作为预防Barrett食管进展的化学药物的再研究。

Current Gastroenterology Reports Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-023-00905-5

Shawn L Shah, Kerry Dunbar

引用次数: 0

Hepatitis D Virus and HBsAg Dynamics in the era of new Antiviral Treatments. 新抗病毒治疗时代的丁型肝炎病毒和HBsAg动态。

Current Gastroenterology Reports Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-023-00901-9

Louis Shekhtman, Sarah Duehren, Ohad Etzion, Scott J Cotler, Harel Dahari

{"title":"Hepatitis D Virus and HBsAg Dynamics in the era of new Antiviral Treatments.","authors":"Louis Shekhtman, Sarah Duehren, Ohad Etzion, Scott J Cotler, Harel Dahari","doi":"10.1007/s11894-023-00901-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11894-023-00901-9","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection is the most severe form of chronic viral hepatitis, with no FDA-approved therapy. Progress in the development of effective HDV treatments is accelerating. This review highlights how mathematical modeling is improving understanding of HDV-HBsAg-host dynamics during antiviral therapy and generating insights into the efficacy and modes of action (MOA) of new antiviral agents.Recent findings: Clinical trials with pegylated-interferon-λ, bulevertide, nucleic acid polymers, and/or lonafarnib against various steps of the HDV-life cycle have revealed new viral-kinetic patterns that were not observed under standard treatment with pegylated-interferon-α. Modeling indicated that the half-lives of circulating HDV and HBsAg are ~ 1.7 d and ~ 1.3 d, respectively, estimated the relative response of HDV and HBsAg during different antiviral therapies, and provided insights into the efficacy and MOA of drugs in development for treating HDV, which can inform response-guided therapy to individualize treatment duration. Mathematical modeling of HDV and HBsAg kinetics provides a window into the HDV virus lifecycle, HDV-HBsAg-host dynamics during antiviral therapy, and the MOA of new drugs for HDV.","PeriodicalId":10776,"journal":{"name":"Current Gastroenterology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"401-412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10842234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41194139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modern-Day Practice of DCD Liver Transplantation: Controversies, Innovations, and Future Directions. DCD肝移植的现代实践：争议、创新和未来方向。

Current Gastroenterology Reports Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-28 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-023-00902-8

Omar J Haque, Eve M Roth, David D Lee

引用次数: 0

Barrier Dysfunction in Eosinophilic Esophagitis. 嗜酸性粒细胞性食管炎的屏障功能障碍。

Current Gastroenterology Reports Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-023-00904-6

Emily C McGowan, Roopesh Singh, David A Katzka

引用次数: 0

Chronic Liver Disease in the Older Patient-Evaluation and Management. 老年慢性肝病患者的评价与管理。

Current Gastroenterology Reports Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-22 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-023-00908-2

Daniel Anthony DiLeo, Tolga Gidener, Ayse Aytaman

{"title":"Chronic Liver Disease in the Older Patient-Evaluation and Management.","authors":"Daniel Anthony DiLeo, Tolga Gidener, Ayse Aytaman","doi":"10.1007/s11894-023-00908-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11894-023-00908-2","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: As our population ages, the number of elderly patients with advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD) will increase. In this review we explore risk factors for liver injury, noninvasive assessment of liver disease, complications of cirrhosis, and management of frailty and sarcopenia in the older patient with ACLD.Recent findings: Multiple guidelines regarding ACLD have been updated over the past few years. New cutoffs for FIB-4 and NAFLD (MASLD - Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease) fibrosis scores for elderly patients are being validated. Older patients with MASLD benefit from caloric restriction, exercise programs, and GLP-1 agonists. Patients with ACLD need to be screened for alcohol use disorder with modified scoring systems, and if positive, benefit from referral to chemical dependency programs. Carvedilol and diuretics may safely be used in the elderly for portal hypertension and ascites, respectively, with careful monitoring. Malnutrition, frailty, sarcopenia, and bone mineral disease are common in older patients with ACLD, and early intervention may improve outcomes. Early identification of ACLD in elderly patients allows us to manage risk factors for liver injury, screen for complications, and implement lifestyle and pharmacological therapy to reduce decompensation and death. Future studies may clarify the role of noninvasive imaging in assessing liver fibrosis in the elderly and optimal interventions for nutrition, frailty, sarcopenia, bone health in addition to reevaluation of antibiotic prophylaxis for liver conditions with rising antibiotic resistance.","PeriodicalId":10776,"journal":{"name":"Current Gastroenterology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"390-400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138290573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Small Bowel Imaging in Celiac Disease: Is there a role for Small Bowel Ultrasound? 小肠超声在乳糜泻中的作用?

Current Gastroenterology Reports Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-18 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-023-00907-3

Roberta Elisa Rossi, Anita Busacca, Luca Brandaleone, Benedetta Masoni, Sara Massironi, Mirella Fraquelli, Alessandro Repici

{"title":"Small Bowel Imaging in Celiac Disease: Is there a role for Small Bowel Ultrasound?","authors":"Roberta Elisa Rossi, Anita Busacca, Luca Brandaleone, Benedetta Masoni, Sara Massironi, Mirella Fraquelli, Alessandro Repici","doi":"10.1007/s11894-023-00907-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11894-023-00907-3","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The incidence of celiac disease (CD) has increased over the last decades in part due to better disease awareness. Small bowel ultrasound (sb US) enables dynamic assessment of the bowel; although this topic has been addressed, the use of sb US in the diagnosis and in the follow-up of CD patients is limited to a few specialized tertiary referral centers. Herein, we aimed at summarizing the available literature on this topic to better define the potential clinical implications of sb US in CD, also through a comparison with other available diagnostic techniques.Recent findings: According to available data, sb US can be of help in confirming or excluding CD in patients with clinical suspicion; specifically, the finding of increased gall bladder volume, free abdominal fluid and enlargement of mesenteric lymph nodes reliably and accurately predicts the diagnosis of CD, whereas the absence of bowel dilatation and increased peristalsis may exclude the diagnosis. However, the place of intestinal US in the diagnostic algorithm of CD is likely to vary depending on the probability of the disease in a given population. There are only a few studies on the role of sb US in complicated CD, even if recent reports suggest a possible clinical role. There is a lack of data on follow-up of CD patients, particularly with the aim of detecting a poor diet adherence. According to current data sb US parameters have been shown to be of value in confirming and excluding the diagnosis of CD. Prospective studies with large sample size are warranted to determine whether to include sb US in the available guidelines for CD diagnosis and monitoring.","PeriodicalId":10776,"journal":{"name":"Current Gastroenterology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"430-439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136396730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Point-of-Care Intestinal Ultrasound in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. 儿童炎症性肠病的即时肠超声诊断。

Current Gastroenterology Reports Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-25 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-023-00892-7

Michael Todd Dolinger, Amelia Kellar

引用次数: 0