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Criminal Justice Policy Review最新文献

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Administrative Segregation: A Review of State and Federal Policies 行政隔离:对州和联邦政策的回顾
Criminal Justice Policy Review Pub Date : 2021-03-06 DOI: 10.1177/0887403421998440
R. Labrecque, Christopher M. Campbell, Kayla J. LaBranche, Leah N Reddy, Karma Rose Zavita, R. Morgan
{"title":"Administrative Segregation: A Review of State and Federal Policies","authors":"R. Labrecque, Christopher M. Campbell, Kayla J. LaBranche, Leah N Reddy, Karma Rose Zavita, R. Morgan","doi":"10.1177/0887403421998440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0887403421998440","url":null,"abstract":"The use of administrative segregation in prison is a controversial correctional policy. Proponents argue this type of housing is necessary for maintaining institutional safety and order, whereas critics contend it is damaging to inmate mental health. Despite the increase in academic attention over the last decade, there is much that remains unknown about the uses and effects of this practice. This study addresses this gap in knowledge by content-analyzing the administrative segregation policies of 48 state and federal prison systems. The results provide evidence of consistency and discrepancy across key elements of these policies, including placement criteria and review procedures. Findings further highlight how basic information regarding mental health provisions and conditions of confinement are missing from a substantial number of policies. This investigation emphasizes a need for more governmental accountability and transparency in the use of this correctional policy and identifies several areas for future research.","PeriodicalId":10757,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice Policy Review","volume":"32 1","pages":"718 - 739"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0887403421998440","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43780190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
The Effects of Intensive Postrelease Correctional Supervision on Recidivism: A Natural Experiment 释后强化监管对累犯的影响:一项自然实验
Criminal Justice Policy Review Pub Date : 2021-03-06 DOI: 10.1177/0887403421998430
G. Duwe, S. Mcneeley
{"title":"The Effects of Intensive Postrelease Correctional Supervision on Recidivism: A Natural Experiment","authors":"G. Duwe, S. Mcneeley","doi":"10.1177/0887403421998430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0887403421998430","url":null,"abstract":"In July 2018, the Minnesota Department of Corrections revised the criteria it uses to place soon-to-be-released prisoners on intensive supervision by shifting from mostly offense-based conditions to those based exclusively on risk. In doing so, this policy change provided a unique opportunity to evaluate not only the impact of intensive supervision on recidivism but also whether risk-based policies lead to better outcomes. Using Cox regression and negative binomial regression on a sample of 1,818 persons released in 2018, we found that intensive supervised release (ISR) significantly reduced the hazard for general, felony, and violent reoffending. We also found, however, that ISR significantly increased the risk of a technical violation revocation. The findings from our cost–benefit analysis showed that, despite the relatively high costs it incurred, ISR was a cost-effective intervention because it reduced reoffending for those with a higher risk of committing serious, violent crimes.","PeriodicalId":10757,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice Policy Review","volume":"32 1","pages":"740 - 763"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0887403421998430","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42853196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Investigative Outcomes of CODIS Matches in Previously Untested Sexual Assault Kits 以前未经测试的性侵试剂盒中CODIS匹配的调查结果
Criminal Justice Policy Review Pub Date : 2021-02-17 DOI: 10.1177/0887403421990723
Robert C. Davis, Alicia L. Jurek, William Wells, Joshua T. Shadwick
{"title":"Investigative Outcomes of CODIS Matches in Previously Untested Sexual Assault Kits","authors":"Robert C. Davis, Alicia L. Jurek, William Wells, Joshua T. Shadwick","doi":"10.1177/0887403421990723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0887403421990723","url":null,"abstract":"A 2011 Texas statute required that police agencies submit to the state all unanalyzed sexual assault kits between 1996 and 2011. Cases where a match was made with DNA from an individual or case were returned to local agencies for additional investigation. This article examines outcomes of these cases. Consistent with other studies, we found that the ratio of arrests to all kits submitted was below 1%, and the ratio of arrests to Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) hits was 5.5%. A cost analysis concluded that the cost per court filing was US$132,000. We argue that the small number of arrests was partially due to the age of the cases, based on 8- to 23-year-old crime reports. We further contend that the program could have produced better results if the state had provided funding more quickly for testing and investigations.","PeriodicalId":10757,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice Policy Review","volume":"32 1","pages":"841 - 864"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0887403421990723","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46046865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Female Youth Convicted of Sex Offenses: Public Opinion on Public Notification 女青少年性犯罪定罪:公众对通报的看法
Criminal Justice Policy Review Pub Date : 2021-02-08 DOI: 10.1177/0887403421991902
Kristen M. Budd, S. Johnston
{"title":"Female Youth Convicted of Sex Offenses: Public Opinion on Public Notification","authors":"Kristen M. Budd, S. Johnston","doi":"10.1177/0887403421991902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0887403421991902","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout the United States, sex offender registration laws in many states and the federal government have expanded to include juveniles. Once juveniles are registrants, they can potentially be subjected to required or discretionary public notification (PN). Given the documented detrimental effects of PN on juveniles and the prevalence of sexual offending by juvenile females, this study investigated public opinion on applying PN to juvenile females who were convicted of a sexual offense. Participants were 947 individuals recruited using Amazon’s Mechanical Turk who completed an online survey. Multivariate logistic regression found support for PN increased when the public felt law enforcement was effective in investigating these crimes and there were increased public safety concerns. Support for PN decreased when the public supported plea bargaining and supported the law distinguishing between adults and juveniles who commit sex crimes. Implications of these results are discussed.","PeriodicalId":10757,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice Policy Review","volume":"32 1","pages":"675 - 692"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0887403421991902","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65503146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Willingness to Pay for Police Reform 愿意为警察改革买单
Criminal Justice Policy Review Pub Date : 2021-01-19 DOI: 10.1177/0887403420988310
Zachary A. Powell, J. Worrall
{"title":"Willingness to Pay for Police Reform","authors":"Zachary A. Powell, J. Worrall","doi":"10.1177/0887403420988310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0887403420988310","url":null,"abstract":"Consent decrees, authorized by Section 14141 of the 1994 Violent Crime Control Act, represent one of the most powerful governmental tools used to encourage—and possibly force—police reform. The consent decree process, however, carries a significant fiscal burden; in some cases, the cost of police reform inhibits agencies’ cooperation with the decrees. One possible solution to this problem calls for the creation of a public-supported police reform fund, whose monies are reserved strictly for consent decrees. Guided by focal concerns theory, this study reports on a factorial survey experiment used to assess variation across individuals’ willingness to pay for police reform. Results indicate that the seriousness of a police reform issue and the agency’s ability to pay for reform act as significant drivers of endorsement of a police reform fund.","PeriodicalId":10757,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice Policy Review","volume":"32 1","pages":"567 - 591"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0887403420988310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43851863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Do Released Prisoners’ Perceptions of Neighborhood Condition Affect Reentry Outcomes? 获释囚犯对邻里环境的感知会影响重返社会的结果吗？
Criminal Justice Policy Review Pub Date : 2020-12-17 DOI: 10.1177/0887403420980806
Lin Liu, Christy A. Visher, D. Sun
{"title":"Do Released Prisoners’ Perceptions of Neighborhood Condition Affect Reentry Outcomes?","authors":"Lin Liu, Christy A. Visher, D. Sun","doi":"10.1177/0887403420980806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0887403420980806","url":null,"abstract":"As the United States enters a decarceration era, the factors predicting reentry success have received a rapidly growing body of research attention. Numerous studies expand beyond individual-level attributes to assess the contextual effect of neighborhoods to which released prisoners return. However, past studies predominantly used neighborhood structural/economic characteristics as the proxies of neighborhood context, leaving the roles of community cohesion and disorder understudied in the context of reentry. Using longitudinal data, this study examines the influence of neighborhood cohesion and disorder on reentry outcomes, represented by released prisoners’ determination to desist and social isolation. The results of linear regression analyses show that net of the effects of individual-level risk factors, released prisoners’ perception of neighborhood disorder exhibit profound influence on reentry outcomes. Implications for reentry programming and interventions are presented.","PeriodicalId":10757,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice Policy Review","volume":"32 1","pages":"764 - 789"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0887403420980806","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48717074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
An Examination of Probation Officer Tasks by Officer-Caseload Type 感化主任任务考试(按个案类别划分)
Criminal Justice Policy Review Pub Date : 2020-12-14 DOI: 10.1177/0887403420980823
Kelli D. Martin, H. Zettler
{"title":"An Examination of Probation Officer Tasks by Officer-Caseload Type","authors":"Kelli D. Martin, H. Zettler","doi":"10.1177/0887403420980823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0887403420980823","url":null,"abstract":"Prior research regarding probation officer roles and tasks has included statutory analyses, time studies, and computation of daily tasks in relation to risk level of offenders. However, there is limited research investigating specific proportions of probation officer tasks by officer caseload type. The current study builds on existing literature by providing an initial investigation into the daily tasks of adult probation officers of a medium-sized, tri-county probation department in a Southwestern state. For all officers, only 26% of tasks involved face-to-face contact with probationers. While regular caseload officers had the largest caseloads, specialized officers were more likely to supervise high-risk individuals. Court officers had the lowest proportion of face-to-face contact with probationers among the three groups. There were some significant differences in tasks observed between specialized and court officers and no statistically significant differences between regular officers and specialized officers. Recommendations for changes in probation practice are provided.","PeriodicalId":10757,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice Policy Review","volume":"32 1","pages":"693 - 717"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0887403420980823","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44587119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Take a Load off Fanny: Peer Mentors in Veterans Treatment Courts 减轻范妮的负担:退伍军人治疗法庭的同伴导师
Criminal Justice Policy Review Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/0887403419880289
C. Jalain, E. Grossi
{"title":"Take a Load off Fanny: Peer Mentors in Veterans Treatment Courts","authors":"C. Jalain, E. Grossi","doi":"10.1177/0887403419880289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0887403419880289","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the role of mentors in three veterans treatment courts (VTCs) in two Midwestern states. VTCs have existed for more than 10 years and continue to flourish across local, state, and federal jurisdictions. Yet, little is known about the factors related to program compliance, completion, and reductions in recidivism. Many VTCs consider peer mentors as a key link between the court workgroup, program participants, and ultimately program outcomes. Thus, this study uses individual and focus-group data from interviews with veteran mentors and VTC team members along with field observations in various VTC settings to better understand the role of peer mentors. The research begins with an overview of the recruitment, selection, training, and retention of mentors. Secondly, the study examines the impact of these mentor programs and concludes with recommendations for further evaluation of the role of mentors and other key stakeholders regarding program compliance, completion, and recidivism reduction.","PeriodicalId":10757,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice Policy Review","volume":"31 1","pages":"1165 - 1192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0887403419880289","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43700683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Gender and the Effect of Disciplinary Segregation on Prison Misconduct 性别与惩戒隔离对监狱不当行为的影响
Criminal Justice Policy Review Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/0887403419884728
R. Labrecque, D. Mears, P. Smith
{"title":"Gender and the Effect of Disciplinary Segregation on Prison Misconduct","authors":"R. Labrecque, D. Mears, P. Smith","doi":"10.1177/0887403419884728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0887403419884728","url":null,"abstract":"Scholars and policymakers have advanced different arguments for why restrictive housing may improve or worsen inmate behavior, yet few studies exist that assess the impact of this housing on such outcomes. This study draws upon prior theory and research to hypothesize that inmate adjustment will worsen after placement in disciplinary segregation among a 3-year admission cohort of inmates from a large Midwestern state department of corrections (N = 40,979), and further that this effect will be more harmful to men. The results of our propensity score matching analyses reveal the use of disciplinary segregation is associated with a greater probability of misconduct among men and has no appreciable effect on women. These findings challenge the view that disciplinary segregation is an effective strategy for improving inmate behavior in prison. This work further highlights the need for continued research on the utility of restrictive housing.","PeriodicalId":10757,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice Policy Review","volume":"31 1","pages":"1193 - 1216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0887403419884728","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48645476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Disentangling the Direct and Indirect Effects of Task, Individual, and Organizational Factors on Occupational Citizenship Behavior 任务、个人和组织因素对职业公民行为的直接和间接影响
Criminal Justice Policy Review Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/0887403419866895
James Frank, E. Lambert, Hanif Qureshi, Andrew J. Myer, Charles F. Klahm, Brad W. Smith, N. Hogan
{"title":"Disentangling the Direct and Indirect Effects of Task, Individual, and Organizational Factors on Occupational Citizenship Behavior","authors":"James Frank, E. Lambert, Hanif Qureshi, Andrew J. Myer, Charles F. Klahm, Brad W. Smith, N. Hogan","doi":"10.1177/0887403419866895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0887403419866895","url":null,"abstract":"Organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) have been the subject of considerable research attention within business organizations. Much less attention has been directed at OCBs within criminal justice agencies, and even less research has addressed OCBs within police organizations. The present study uses survey data collected from 829 police officers in India to assess the antecedents of several dimensions of OCBs. Unlike most prior research, we use a path model in an effort to disentangle the direct and indirect effects of organizational justice, job demands and job resources, organizational justice, stress, and work attitudes on OCBs while controlling for officer personal characteristics. Our findings indicate that job satisfaction and organizational commitment are strong predictors of OCBs and that they mediate the effects of job stress, which did not directly influence OCBs. In addition, organizational justice factors exerted inconsistent effects on OCBs. Strategies for increasing the likelihood that officers will engage in OCBs are discussed.","PeriodicalId":10757,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice Policy Review","volume":"31 1","pages":"1136 - 1164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0887403419866895","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46426659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
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