Valeri Sáenz, Andrés Felipe Lizcano Salas, Josepa Gené, Adriana Marcela Celis Ramírez
{"title":"<i>Fusarium</i> and <i>Neocosmospora</i>: fungal priority pathogens in laboratory diagnosis.","authors":"Valeri Sáenz, Andrés Felipe Lizcano Salas, Josepa Gené, Adriana Marcela Celis Ramírez","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2369693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2024.2369693","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Fusarium</i> and <i>Neocosmospora</i> are two fungal genera recently recognized in the list of fungal priority pathogens. They cause a wide range of diseases that affect humans, animals, and plants. In clinical laboratories, there is increasing concern about diagnosis due to limitations in sample collection and morphological identification. Despite the advances in molecular diagnosis, due to the cost, some countries cannot implement these methodologies. However, recent changes in taxonomy and intrinsic resistance to antifungals reveal the necessity of accurate species-level identification. In this review, we discuss the current phenotypic and molecular tools available for diagnosis in clinical laboratory settings and their advantages and disadvantages.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141466772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Teun van der Klugt, Robin H G A van den Biggelaar, Anno Saris
{"title":"Host and bacterial lipid metabolism during tuberculosis infections: possibilities to synergise host- and bacteria-directed therapies.","authors":"Teun van der Klugt, Robin H G A van den Biggelaar, Anno Saris","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2370979","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2370979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (<i>Mtb</i>) is the causative pathogen of tuberculosis, the most lethal infectious disease resulting in 1.3 million deaths annually. Treatments against <i>Mtb</i> are increasingly impaired by the growing prevalence of antimicrobial drug resistance, which necessitates the development of new antibiotics or alternative therapeutic approaches. Upon infecting host cells, predominantly macrophages, <i>Mtb</i> becomes critically dependent on lipids as a source of nutrients. Additionally, <i>Mtb</i> produces numerous lipid-based virulence factors that contribute to the pathogen's ability to interfere with the host's immune responses and to create a lipid rich environment for itself. As lipids, lipid metabolism and manipulating host lipid metabolism play an important role for the virulence of <i>Mtb</i>, this review provides a state-of-the-art overview of mycobacterial lipid metabolism and concomitant role of host metabolism and host-pathogen interaction therein. While doing so, we will emphasize unexploited bacteria-directed and host-directed drug targets, and highlight potential synergistic drug combinations that hold promise for the development of new therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141445849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Roles of alcohol dehydrogenase 1 in the biological activities of <i>Candida albicans</i>.","authors":"Ziqi Wang, Qi Zhang, Haoying Zhang, Yuanyuan Lu","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2371510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2024.2371510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Candida albicans</i> stands as the foremost prevalent human commensal pathogen and a significant contributor to nosocomial fungal infections. In the metabolism of <i>C. albicans</i>, alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (Adh1) is one of the important enzymes that converts acetaldehyde produced by pyruvate decarboxylation into ethanol at the end of glycolysis. Leveraging the foundational processes of alcoholic fermentation, Adh1 plays an active role in multiple biological phenomena, including biofilm formation, interactions between different species, the development of drug resistance, and the potential initiation of gastrointestinal cancer. Additionally, Adh1 within <i>C. albicans</i> has demonstrated associations with regulating the cell cycle, stress responses, and various intracellular states. Furthermore, Adh1 is extracellularly localized on the cell wall surface, where it plays roles in processes such as tissue invasion and host immune responses. Drawing from an analysis of <i>ADH1</i> gene structure, expression patterns, and fundamental functions, this review elucidates the intricate connections between Adh1 and various biological processes within <i>C. albicans</i>, underscoring its potential implications for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of candidiasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141445850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genetic basis of antibiotic resistance in bovine mastitis and its possible implications for human and ecological health.","authors":"Wendy Johana Velasco Garcia, Nilton Araripe Dos Santos Neto, Thuanny Borba Rios, Mariana Rocha Maximiano, Camila Maurmann de Souza, Octávio Luiz Franco","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2024.2369140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2024.2369140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine mastitis is a mammary gland inflammation that can occur due to infectious pathogens, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>, which are, respectively, the most prevalent Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria associated with this disease. Currently, antibiotic treatment has become more complicated due to the presence of resistant pathogens. This review, therefore, aims to identify the most common resistance genes reported for these strains in the last four years. During the review, it was noted that <i>bla</i><sub>Z</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>SHV,</sub> <i>bla</i><sub>TEM</sub>, and <i>bla</i><sub>ampC</sub> are the most reported genes for <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. coli,</i> associated with drug inactivation, mainly β-lactamases. They are characterized by generating bacterial resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, the most common treatment in animal and human bacterial treatments (penicillins and cephalosporins, among others). Genes associated with efflux systems were also present in the two strains and included <i>norA, tetA, tetC</i>, and <i>tetK</i>, which generate resistance to macrolide and tetracycline antibiotics. Additionally, the effects of spreading resistance between animals and humans through direct contact (such as consumption of contaminated milk) or indirect contact (through environmental contamination) has been deeply discussed, emphasizing the importance of having adequate sanitation and antibiotic control and administration protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141449893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sensitive delivery systems and novel encapsulation technologies for live biotherapeutic products and probiotics.","authors":"Shuang Li, Yi-Xuan Zhang","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2202237","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2202237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Live biotherapeutic product (LBP), a type of biological product, holds promise for the prevention or treatment of metabolic disease and pathogenic infection. Probiotics are live microorganisms that improve the intestinal microbial balance and beneficially affect the health of the host when ingested in sufficient numbers. These biological products possess the advantages of inhibition of pathogens, degradation of toxins, and modulation of immunity. The application of LBP and probiotic delivery systems has attracted great interest to researchers. The initial used technologies for LBP and probiotic encapsulation are traditional capsules and microcapsules. However, the stability and targeted delivery capability require further improved. The specific sensitive materials can greatly improve the delivery efficiency of LBPs and probiotics. The specific sensitive delivery systems show advantages over traditional ones due to their better properties of biocompatibility, biodegradability, innocuousness, and stability. Moreover, some new technologies, including layer-by-layer encapsulation, polyelectrolyte complexation, and electrohydrodynamic technology, show great potential in LBP and probiotic delivery. In this review, novel delivery systems and new technologies of LBPs and probiotics were presented, and the challenges and prospects were explored in specific sensitive materials for LBP and probiotic delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"371-384"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9737906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christian Lenz, Mary P E Slack, Kimberly M Shea, Ralf René Reinert, Bülent N Taysi, David L Swerdlow
{"title":"Long-Term effects of COVID-19: a review of current perspectives and mechanistic insights.","authors":"Christian Lenz, Mary P E Slack, Kimberly M Shea, Ralf René Reinert, Bülent N Taysi, David L Swerdlow","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2190405","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2190405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although SARS-CoV-2, responsible for COVID-19, is primarily a respiratory infection, a broad spectrum of cardiac, pulmonary, neurologic, and metabolic complications can occur. More than 50 long-term symptoms of COVID-19 have been described, and as many as 80% of patients may develop ≥1 long-term symptom. To summarize current perspectives of long-term sequelae of COVID-19, we conducted a PubMed search describing the long-term cardiovascular, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, and neurologic effects post-SARS-CoV-2 infection and mechanistic insights and risk factors for the above-mentioned sequelae. Emerging risk factors of long-term sequelae include older age (≥65 years), female sex, Black or Asian race, Hispanic ethnicity, and presence of comorbidities. There is an urgent need to better understand ongoing effects of COVID-19. Prospective studies evaluating long-term effects of COVID-19 in all body systems and patient groups will facilitate appropriate management and assess burden of care. Clinicians should ensure patients are followed up and managed appropriately, especially those in at-risk groups. Healthcare systems worldwide need to develop approaches to follow-up and support patients recovering from COVID-19. Surveillance programs can enhance prevention and treatment efforts for those most vulnerable.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"315-328"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9440741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chen Chen, Jingru Shi, Dejuan Wang, Pan Kong, Zhiqiang Wang, Yuan Liu
{"title":"Antimicrobial peptides as promising antibiotic adjuvants to combat drug-resistant pathogens.","authors":"Chen Chen, Jingru Shi, Dejuan Wang, Pan Kong, Zhiqiang Wang, Yuan Liu","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2186215","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2186215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The widespread antimicrobial resistance (AMR) calls for the development of new antimicrobial strategies. Antibiotic adjuvant rescues antibiotic activity and increases the life span of the antibiotics, representing a more productive, timely, and cost-effective strategy in fighting drug-resistant pathogens. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from synthetic and natural sources are considered new-generation antibacterial agents. Besides their direct antimicrobial activity, growing evidence shows that some AMPs effectively enhance the activity of conventional antibiotics. The combinations of AMPs and antibiotics display an improved therapeutic effect on antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections and minimize the emergence of resistance. In this review, we discuss the value of AMPs in the age of resistance, including modes of action, limiting evolutionary resistance, and their designing strategies. We summarise the recent advances in combining AMPs and antibiotics against antibiotic-resistant pathogens, as well as their synergistic mechanisms. Lastly, we highlight the challenges and opportunities associated with the use of AMPs as potential antibiotic adjuvants. This will shed new light on the deployment of synergistic combinations to address the AMR crisis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"267-284"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9075998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Engineered probiotics as live biotherapeutics for diagnosis and treatment of human diseases.","authors":"Jiao Meng, Shufan Liu, Xin Wu","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2190392","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2190392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of probiotics to regulate the intestinal microbiota to prevent and treat a large number of disorders and diseases has been an international research hotspot. Although conventional probiotics have a certain regulatory role in nutrient metabolism, inhibiting pathogens, inducing immune regulation, and maintaining intestinal epithelial barrier function, they are unable to treat certain diseases. In recent years, aided by the continuous development of synthetic biology, engineering probiotics with desired characteristics and functionalities to benefit human health has made significant progress. In this article, we summarise the mechanism of action of conventional probiotics and their limitations and highlight the latest developments in the design and construction of probiotics as living diagnostics and therapeutics for the detection and treatment of a series of diseases, including pathogen infections, cancer, intestinal inflammation, metabolic disorders, vaccine delivery, cognitive health, and fatty liver. Besides we discuss the concerns regarding engineered probiotics and corresponding countermeasures and outline the desired features in the future development of engineered live biotherapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"300-314"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9164115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring halophilic environments as a source of new antibiotics.","authors":"Thomas P Thompson, Brendan F Gilmore","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2197491","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2197491","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microbial natural products from microbes in extreme environments, including haloarchaea, and halophilic bacteria, possess a huge capacity to produce novel antibiotics. Additionally, enhanced isolation techniques and improved tools for genomic mining have expanded the efficiencies in the antibiotic discovery process. This review article provides a detailed overview of known antimicrobial compounds produced by halophiles from all three domains of life. We summarize that while halophilic bacteria, in particular actinomycetes, contribute the vast majority of these compounds the importance of understudied halophiles from other domains of life requires additional consideration. Finally, we conclude by discussing upcoming technologies- enhanced isolation and metagenomic screening, as tools that will be required to overcome the barriers to antimicrobial drug discovery. This review highlights the potential of these microbes from extreme environments, and their importance to the wider scientific community, with the hope of provoking discussion and collaborations within halophile biodiscovery. Importantly, we emphasize the importance of bioprospecting from communities of lesser-studied halophilic and halotolerant microorganisms as sources of novel therapeutically relevant chemical diversity to combat the high rediscovery rates. The complexity of halophiles will necessitate a multitude of scientific disciplines to unravel their potential and therefore this review reflects these research communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"341-370"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9390485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ethan Ng, John Rong Hao Tay, Sean Kuan Boey, Marja L Laine, Sašo Ivanovski, Chaminda Jayampath Seneviratne
{"title":"Antibiotic resistance in the microbiota of periodontitis patients: an update of current findings.","authors":"Ethan Ng, John Rong Hao Tay, Sean Kuan Boey, Marja L Laine, Sašo Ivanovski, Chaminda Jayampath Seneviratne","doi":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2197481","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1040841X.2023.2197481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Systemic antibiotics are an effective adjunct in the treatment of periodontitis, but their judicious use is necessary as antimicrobial resistance is a growing global concern. This review aims to explore the current understanding and insight related to antibiotic resistance in the subgingival microbiota of periodontitis patients. A search of MEDLINE (PubMed) was carried out from 1 January 2012 to 25 November 2021 for studies related to antibiotic resistance in periodontitis patients. Of the 90 articles identified, 12 studies were selected for inclusion. A significant incidence of antibiotic resistant isolates was reported for <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>, <i>Prevotella intermedia</i>, <i>Prevotella denticola</i>, <i>Prevotella melaninogenica</i>, <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i>, <i>Tanerella forsythia</i>, <i>Aggretibacter actinomycetemcomitans</i>, <i>Streptococcus constellatus</i>, <i>Streptococcus intermedius</i>, and <i>Parvimonas micra,</i> but resistance to specific antibiotics did not reach above 10% of isolates in most studies except for amoxicillin resistance in <i>Aggretibacter actinomycetemcomitans</i>. The highest frequency of resistance across all bacterial species was for amoxicillin, clindamycin, and metronidazole. However, resistance patterns were widely variable across geographical locations, and the high heterogeneity between antibiotic-resistant isolates across studies precludes any clinical recommendations from this study. Although antibiotic resistance has yet to reach critical levels in periodontitis patients, an emphasis on antibiotic stewardship interventions such as point-of-care diagnostics and education for key stakeholders is needed to curb a growing problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":10736,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"329-340"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9774791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}