International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Learning Strategies: A Resource for Clinical Neuropsychopedagogical Intervention","authors":"Bruna da Motta Signori Grehs, Cintia Soares Guerin, V. Loureiro, Samuel Pereira de Souza, Fabrício Bruno Cardoso","doi":"10.11648/j.ijpbs.20240902.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20240902.11","url":null,"abstract":"Learning strategies can be understood as deliberate processes aimed at achieving a certain level of learning effectively. The objective is to explore the application of learning strategies as a tool in neuropsychopedagogical intervention within a clinical setting, particularly in the context of teaching or stimulating brain functions where the patient can contemplate their own mental processes. Our aim is to present an intervention that enhances learning opportunities, thus broadening cognitive assumptions. This research contributes knowledge about cognitive and metacognitive processes related to learning strategies within the framework of learning how to learn, suggesting that the Neuropsychopedagogue, informed by neuroscience, selects appropriate stimuli to facilitate learning and evaluates the effectiveness of this process. The majority of studies focused on Neuropsychopedagogy and specific functions such as attention, memory, and executive functions. Another notable observation was the lack of studies utilizing or developing an instrument to assess learning strategies in a clinical-individual context, with the emphasis primarily on studies within an institutional-collective context. Hence, it can be concluded that learning strategies hold promise for enhancing learning and aiding in the organization and utilization of various information from our environment, thereby justifying their classification as a tool for clinical neuropsychopedagogical intervention. This comprehensive understanding underscores the significance of integrating diverse strategies into clinical practice, ensuring tailored interventions that address individual learning needs effectively.\u0000","PeriodicalId":106936,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140227996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family Climate and Personal Resilience Among Children Victims of Sexual Abuse in Abidjan","authors":"Inoussa Daboné, Ettié Silvie Kouassi, Aminata Haïdara","doi":"10.11648/j.ijpbs.20240901.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20240901.12","url":null,"abstract":"In Ivory Coast, the proportion of children victims of sexual abuse has become increasingly worrying since the post electoral crisis of 2011. This study aims to analyze the effect of family climate on the personal resilience construction of children victims of sexual abuse. It is so based on the working hypothesis that children victims of sexual abuse who benefit from a supportive family climate are more resilient than those who evolve in a non-supportive family climate. The study was conducted following a qualitative methodological approach with a descriptive aim, with 22 children of both sexes, victims of sexual abuse and aged from 06 to 13 years old. These children were selected by a reasoned choice at the Infant Guidance Center of Abidjan. They were subjected to a semi-structured interview from May 09 to August 10, 2022. The results, interpreted in the light of the theory of attachment, indicate that the family climate is decisive in the construction of personal resilience in children victims of sexual abuse. These results show the importance of raising awareness about the children sexual abuse and the need to provide support to the families of sexually abused children with a view to strengthening their capacity of resilience when facing such a serious phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":106936,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140444106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortical Gray Matter Thickness to Pons Ratio: A Novel Diagnostic Index for Alzheimer’s Disease","authors":"Guven Arslan","doi":"10.11648/j.ijpbs.20240901.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20240901.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":106936,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139629338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overcoming Addiction: A Case Report on Tobacco Cessation in a Middle-Aged Man","authors":"Muddsar Hameed, Grana Bangash","doi":"10.11648/j.ijpbs.20230804.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20230804.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":106936,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139310231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anxiety, Depression and Attention Control in Health Care Professionals","authors":"Guven Arslan","doi":"10.11648/j.ijpbs.20230803.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20230803.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":106936,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126870993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Aerobics in the Elderly","authors":"Mehrasa Afradi","doi":"10.11648/j.ijpbs.20230802.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20230802.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":106936,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134121991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Generalizability Theory in Measurement Error in 2019 WAEC Mathematics Objective Examination in Benin Metropolis","authors":"Kennedy Imasuen, Praise Kehinde Adeosun","doi":"10.11648/j.ijpbs.20230802.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20230802.11","url":null,"abstract":": This study investigated measurement error in 2019 WAEC senior secondary school examination using generalizability theory. The study was specifically concerned with identifying and analyzing measurement error in the senior secondary school 2019 WAEC mathematics objective examination using generalizability theory, and also to determine the highest contribution of facets: students, items and teachers to measurement error. Four research questions were raised to guide the study. The study was survey which adopted a random effect two-facet fully crossed s×t×i design for a generalizability (G) and decision (D) studies. The population consisted of fifty-six thousand, seven hundred and ninety-seven (5697) senior secondary three (SS3) students in the seventy-five (75) public secondary schools in Benin metropolis for the 2019/2020 academic session. The instrument for data collection was a fifty (50) multiple choice WAEC, mathematics 2019 examination. The instrument has been validated by the West African Examination Council (WAEC). The reliability of the items was ascertained using the Kuder – Richardson 20 (KR 20) to obtain internal consistency. It gave a value of 0.92. Data collected were analyzed using a software EduG version 6.0-e based on analysis of variance (ANOVA) and generalizability. The findings which emerged from the study were: the highest contribution to measurement error in examination scores was the students - teacher interaction which accounted for 68.9%, this was followed by the student factor (27.5%) and the residual, that is, interaction of student, teachers and items (3.6%). A generalizability coefficient of 0.97 high enough to rank order students according to their relative abilities in examinations was obtained when the number of teachers was increased to 78. Based on the findings, it was therefore recommended that generalizability analysis should be carried out by researchers, test developers and examination bodies so as to reduce or eliminate measurement error and hence maximize reliability.","PeriodicalId":106936,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123573397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symptoms and Risk Factors of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder","authors":"Gudisa Bereda","doi":"10.11648/j.ijpbs.20230801.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20230801.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":106936,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126185613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression, Anxiety, Stress and Quality of Life of Students from Public and Private Universities","authors":"Michelle Firmino Guimaraes, Marília Martins Vizzotto, Hilda Rosa Capelao Avoglia, Eliane Aparecida Faria Paiva","doi":"10.11648/j.ijpbs.20230801.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20230801.11","url":null,"abstract":"tudantes em fase de formação profissional, uma vez que representam quatro das dez principais causas de incapacidade no mundo. OBJETIVO GERAL: Avaliar e correlacionar a presença de sinais e sintomas de depressão, ansiedade, estresse e qualidade de vida de universitários de duas instituições, sendo uma pública e outra privada; OBJETIVOS: a) Caracterizar o perfil sociodemográfico; b) Avaliar sintomas de depressão, sinais de ansiedade e estresse e qualidade de vida geral; c) correlacionar as variáveis qualidade de vida, sinais e sintomas de ansiedade, depressão e estresse. MÉTODO: Pesquisa de cunho quantitativo. Para coleta de dados foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: questionário de dados socioeconômicos e culturais; WHOQOL Breve e EADS – Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Estresse Os dados foram avaliados estatisticamente com auxílio do Programa SPSS– versão 2.0 para Windows. RESULTADOS: Participaram da pesquisa 570 Universitários, 344 estudantes da Instituição Privada e 226 da Instituição Pública, dos gêneros feminino e masculino, entre 16 e 55 anos. Os resultados revelaram que não houve diferença significativa na qualidade de vida nos domínios Psicológico e Social de ambas as Instituições. Os domínios mais afetados, ou seja, aquele, em que os universitários encontram mais prejuízo é no que se referem ao domínio Físico e Meio Ambiente de ambas as Instituições. CONCLUSÃO: Assim sendo, observa-se que os estudantes obtiveram um grau leve de estresse, depressão e ansiedade em ambas as instituições. Ao correlacionar os domínios de qualidade de vida e as variáveis: ansiedade, depressão e estresse, observou-se que quanto maior a depressão, menor a qualidade de vida nos domínios psicológico e ambiental. A partir dos resultados, sugerem-se estudos mais aprofundados.","PeriodicalId":106936,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133422511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autism Spectrum Disorders: Knowledge and Attitudes of Primary Care Givers","authors":"Regina Banda","doi":"10.11648/J.IJPBS.20210606.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJPBS.20210606.13","url":null,"abstract":"Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are debilitating lifelong neurodevelopmental disorders which have no cure but can be managed if timeously identified and effectively managed. Internationally prevalence is increasing and little is known about ASDs in Africa, although it is suspected the trends are following the international pattern of high prevalence. Various factors that affect the effective management of ASDs have been identified in previous research. These include low knowledge and negative attitudes towards the disorders in primary caregivers. Given that previous research places primary caregivers as key players in the successful management of ASDs and that there is a dearth of research on ASDs in Africa, this current research aimed to establish levels of knowledge of ASDs in primary caregivers in Zimbabwe as well as their attitudes towards ASDs and its treatments using a descriptive ex facto quantitative research design. A general lack of knowledge on ASDs and the legal provisions available for the protection of rights for individuals with ASDs was found in the sample as well as the presence of mixed attitudes towards ASDs and its treatments. Negative attitudes towards mainstream treatment of ASDs as well as negative attitudes towards diagnosis of the disorder itself were more prevalent than positive attitudes. It was recommended that there is need for more awareness campaigns and research on ASDs and a multi-sectoral approach to the management of ASDs.","PeriodicalId":106936,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129065008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}