Contraception: X最新文献

{"title":"Knowledge of contraceptive effectiveness and method use among women in Hanoi, Vietnam","authors":"Maria F. Gallo ,&nbsp;Nghia Nguyen ,&nbsp;Chuong Nguyen ,&nbsp;Markus J. Steiner","doi":"10.1016/j.conx.2019.100009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conx.2019.100009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To evaluate the association between contraceptive knowledge and type of method used.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We analyzed data from a cross-sectional study of sexually active women in Hanoi, Vietnam, not desiring pregnancy. We used linear and logistic regression to evaluate contraceptive knowledge of users of the intrauterine device (IUD), combination oral contraception (COC) and male condoms. We measured contraceptive knowledge with seven questions on relative effectiveness of methods, reversibility, covert use, contraindications and side effects.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Respondents used IUD (<em>n</em> = 128), COC (<em>n</em> = 126) or condoms (<em>n</em> = 167). Summary knowledge scores did not differ by current type of method used. Only one knowledge domain, contraceptive effectiveness, varied by method. Compared to condom users, IUD users had higher odds of correctly identifying the IUD as more effective than COC, condoms and withdrawal (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.7–8.3). Higher proportions of condom users (49.7%) mistakenly identified condoms as the most effective of listed methods compared to IUD (20.3%) and COC users (23.0%). On the other hand, IUD and COC users had lower odds (aOR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.2–1.0 and aOR, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.1–0.6, respectively) of identifying consistent condom use as better for pregnancy prevention than other practices (e.g., withdrawal and postcoital douching).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>IUD users more often recognized that the IUD is highly effective while condom users appeared to overestimate condom effectiveness. Contraceptive counseling should ensure that women understand the relative effectiveness of methods. We found no evidence that other types of contraceptive knowledge differed by type of method used.</p></div><div><h3>Implications</h3><p>Knowledge of contraceptive effectiveness was the sole difference detected in contraceptive knowledge between women in Hanoi, Vietnam, using the IUD, COC or male condoms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10655,"journal":{"name":"Contraception: X","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100009"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.conx.2019.100009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38007176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns and trends in contraceptive use among women attending Title X clinics and a national sample of low-income women","authors":"Christina I. Fowler ,&nbsp;Katherine A. Ahrens ,&nbsp;Emily Decker ,&nbsp;Julia Gable ,&nbsp;Jiantong Wang ,&nbsp;Brittni Frederiksen ,&nbsp;Ana Carolina Loyola Briceño ,&nbsp;Susan B. Moskosky","doi":"10.1016/j.conx.2019.100004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conx.2019.100004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To describe the types of contraception used by women attending Title X-funded clinics and a comparable group of low-income reproductive-age women at risk of unintended pregnancy.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>We estimated the percentage of reproductive aged (15–44 years) women using contraception, by method type and level of effectiveness in preventing pregnancy (i.e., most, moderately, and less effective), using Title X Family Planning Annual Report (2006–2016) and National Survey of Family Growth (2006–2015) data. We divided most effective methods into permanent (female and male sterilization) and reversible (long-acting reversible contraceptives [LARCs]) methods.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among Title X clients during 2006–2016, use of LARCs increased (3–14%); use of moderately effective methods decreased (64–54%); and use of sterilization (~<!--> <!-->2%), less effective methods (21–20%), and no method (8–7%) was unchanged. These same trends in contraceptive use were observed in a comparable group of women nationally during 2006–2015, during which LARC use increased (5–19%, p<!--> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->.001); moderately effective method use decreased (60–48%, p<!--> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->.001); and use of sterilization (~5%), less effective methods (19%), and no method (11–10%) was unchanged.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The contraceptive method mix among Title X clients differs from that of low-income women at risk of unintended pregnancy nationally, but general patterns and trends are similar in the two populations. Research is needed to understand whether method use patterns among low-income women reflect their preferences, access, or the conditions of the supply environment.</p></div><div><h3>Implications</h3><p>This study contributes to our understanding of patterns and trends in contraceptive use among two groups of reproductive-age women — Title X clients and low-income women nationally who are at risk of unintended pregnancy. The findings highlight areas for further research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10655,"journal":{"name":"Contraception: X","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100004"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.conx.2019.100004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38054522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexual and reproductive health content in nurse practitioner transition to practice training programs","authors":"Katherine Simmonds ,&nbsp;Joyce Cappiello ,&nbsp;Alex Hoyt","doi":"10.1016/j.conx.2019.100005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conx.2019.100005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To describe the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) offerings of transition to practice training programs for certified primary care nurse practitioners in the United States.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>Program Directors from all identified primary care training programs (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->51) were invited to participate in an online survey to assess the SRH didactic and clinical offerings based on competencies developed by the World Health Organization and adapted for the US across 15 domains and 15 related procedures.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Twenty-two (43%) surveys were completed. There was considerable variation in offerings, with no single domain required by all programs, nor any program requiring trainees to complete didactic and clinical offerings in all domains. On average, programs required didactic and clinical training for approximately a third of the competencies in the Reproductive Tract Cancers domain (the most required domain) and for approximately a quarter of the competencies in the Contraceptive domain. Infertility/Fertility and Environmental Risks to Reproductive Health were the least commonly required domains. Clinical training tended to be more frequently required or offered than didactic instruction in almost all domains.</p><p>Regarding procedures, both didactic and clinical training on insertion and removal of intrauterine devices were required by one third of programs. No-scalpel vasectomy was the procedure in which programs were least likely to offer trainees either didactic or clinical training, followed by uterine aspiration for missed or elective abortion or heavy menstrual bleeding.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Although SRH is recognized as an essential component of primary care, its inclusion in transition to practice primary care training programs for NPs is low and inconsistent.</p></div><div><h3>Implications statement</h3><p>Preparing primary care NPs to deliver competent SRH care is important for workforce development and patient care. Our study highlights a need for additional research to determine the baseline competency in SRH care among primary care NPs in order to further enhance education, training and policies with this aim.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10655,"journal":{"name":"Contraception: X","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100005"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.conx.2019.100005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38054523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}