{"title":"Biosafety practices in Brazilian dentistry after the COVID-19 public health emergency: Persistence and discontinuation of protective measures.","authors":"Tiago Paiva Machado, Luciane Zanin, Guilherme Bovi Ambrosano, Flávia Martão Flório","doi":"10.1177/0265539X261463930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0265539X261463930","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted dental services worldwide, requiring rapid adaptation of biosafety measures. In Brazil, emergency protocols were widely implemented across public and private dental care. This nationwide cross-sectional study investigated which biosafety practices adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic were maintained by Brazilian dentists and analysed factors associated with continued respirator use in the post-emergency period. Data were collected between March and October 2023 using non-probabilistic snowball sampling through an online questionnaire based on Brazilian biosafety guidelines and international recommendations. Descriptive statistics, chi-square and Fisher's exact tests, and simple and multiple logistic regression models were used (α=0.05). Among 1,136 dentists, most were female (71.2%), aged 41-50 years (33.6%), and had ≥12 years of professional experience (76.1%). Difficulties obtaining personal protective equipment during the pandemic were reported by 80.2% of participants, mainly involving masks and gloves, with significant associations according to work setting (p<0.05). Respirator use became widespread during the pandemic, with 45.6% reporting use only during the emergency phase and 39.6% continuing its use in the post-emergency period. In the adjusted model, sex and work setting remained associated with maintenance of respirator use (p<0.05). Fatigue (47.7%) and respiratory discomfort (27.3%) were the most frequently reported adverse effects. The pandemic changed dental biosafety practices in Brazil: traditional infection-control measures remained routine, whereas enhanced measures were partly sustained. These findings may inform preparedness planning for future public health emergencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10647,"journal":{"name":"Community dental health","volume":" ","pages":"265539X261463930"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148301162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eman Alsagob, Hoda Abdellatif, Mamata Hebbal, Varkey Nadakkavukaran Santhosh, Ram Surath Kumar, Shaikha K Aldukhail
{"title":"Tobacco use and its impact on oral health among female adolescents in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Eman Alsagob, Hoda Abdellatif, Mamata Hebbal, Varkey Nadakkavukaran Santhosh, Ram Surath Kumar, Shaikha K Aldukhail","doi":"10.1177/0265539X261457535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0265539X261457535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tobacco use poses significant public health challenges globally, with profound implications for oral health among adolescents. This study assessed the prevalence of tobacco use and its association with oral health perceptions, practices, and clinically assessed oral conditions among female adolescents in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1197 female adolescents aged 12-15 years from Fethipublic and private schools in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using adapted questionnaires from the National Youth Tobacco Survey and WHO Oral Health Questionnaire. Clinical oral examinations were performed on 964 participants. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests and logistic regression. Tobacco use prevalence was 6.9%, with electronic cigarettes being most common (72.0%), followed by waterpipe smoking (59.8%) and traditional cigarettes (57.3%). Curiosity was the primary driver for initiation (74.5%). Significant associations were found between tobacco use and poor self-perceived gingival health (<i>p</i> < 0.001), school absenteeism due to toothache (<i>p</i> = 0.009), and avoiding smiling due to dental appearance (<i>p</i> = 0.021). Among examined participants, 76.6% had active carious lesions, 46.8% had gingivitis, and mean DMFT score was 5.72 ± 4.73. Despite relatively low prevalence, tobacco use was significantly associated with adverse oral health and psychosocial outcomes. These findings highlight the need for gender-sensitive preventive strategies, improved healthcare-based tobacco screening, and stricter regulation of adolescent access to tobacco products.</p>","PeriodicalId":10647,"journal":{"name":"Community dental health","volume":" ","pages":"265539X261457535"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148276472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed Mahmoud, Stefan Serban, Alex D McMahon, David I Conway
{"title":"Associations between ethnicity, socioeconomic status and dental caries in children: A population-based record linkage longitudinal cohort study.","authors":"Ahmed Mahmoud, Stefan Serban, Alex D McMahon, David I Conway","doi":"10.1177/0265539X261452119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0265539X261452119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to examine the associations of ethnicity and socioeconomic factors with obvious dental caries and assess longitudinal changes between 5 and 11-years of age. A retrospective longitudinal design was employed, linking individual-level health and education records for children aged 5 and 11-years living in Scotland between 2004 and 2018 (<i>n</i> = 155,737). At age five, Polish and Gypsy/Traveller children had around four times higher odds for developing obvious caries compared to White Scottish peers (OR = 4.37, 95% CI: 3.87-4.94) and (OR = 3.47, 95% CI: 2.52-4.79) respectively. By age 11, African, Chinese, Indian, and White British children showed lower odds of developing obvious caries, while Gypsy/Traveller (OR = 2.70, 95% CI: 1.98-3.70), and Polish (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.18-1.52) children remained at elevated risk compared to White Scottish children. Longitudinal analysis revealed limited overall ethnic differences in new obvious caries development, though African (OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.39-0.67) and Chinese (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.38-0.90) children were less likely to develop new obvious caries compared to White Scottish children. Several minority groups, including Polish, Gypsy/Traveller, Pakistani, and Arab children, demonstrated improvements in caries status between ages five and 11 compared to White Scottish children. Obvious caries presence at age five is strongly associated with caries at age 11 (OR = 3.24, 95% CI: 3.16-3.33). Ethnic disparities in obvious dental caries were evident at age 5 and independent of socioeconomic status. By age 11, these inequalities diminished for most groups, with socioeconomic factors emerging as the primary drivers of oral health inequalities, except among Gypsy/Traveller and Polish children.</p>","PeriodicalId":10647,"journal":{"name":"Community dental health","volume":" ","pages":"265539X261452119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148162234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oral and dental health: An overlooked crisis in low- and middle-income countries.","authors":"Mamunur Rahman","doi":"10.1177/0265539X261459804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0265539X261459804","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10647,"journal":{"name":"Community dental health","volume":" ","pages":"265539X261459804"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148155649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Community dental healthPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2025-11-19DOI: 10.1177/0265539X251400593
Sena Sakın Ulubay, Sema Aydınoğlu, İpek Arslan
{"title":"The role of parents' space maintainer awareness on their children's untreated dental caries: Testing a conceptual model.","authors":"Sena Sakın Ulubay, Sema Aydınoğlu, İpek Arslan","doi":"10.1177/0265539X251400593","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0265539X251400593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Space maintainers are frequently used to prevent malocclusion problems in early primary tooth loss. Parents' oral health literacy and awareness of space maintainers may influence children's oral health outcomes. This study aimed to examine the direct and indirect roles of parents' space maintainer awareness on their children's untreated dental caries with a conceptual model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 600 children and their parents. Sociodemographic data and space maintainer awareness survey was administered to parents face to face. Parents' oral health literacy levels were measured with TREALD-30 and TREALD-30A scales. Children's oral health status was evaluated using DMFT and PUFA indexes. Path analysis was performed to test the conceptual model (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The conceptual model revealed significant effects of TREALD-30A scores on space maintainer awareness (ß = 0.384, <i>p</i> < 0.001), DMFT scores on space maintainer awareness (ß = 0.081, <i>p</i> = 0.023) and space maintainer awareness on PUFA scores (ß = 0.106, <i>p</i> = 0.017). Additionally, TREALD-30A (ß = -0.032, <i>p</i> = 0.002) and DMFT (ß = -0.008, <i>p</i> = 0.014) scores had significant indirect effects on PUFA through space maintainer awareness. The space maintainer awareness score has a mediating role.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The path analysis has shown that the parents' space maintainer awareness has a direct and indirect effect on the clinical outcomes of untreated dental caries in their children. Although oral health literacy alone was not effective, it reduced clinical consequences of untreated dental caries in children through space maintainer awareness. The model suggests that interventions to increase parents' oral health literacy and space maintainers awareness will help parents pay more attention to their children's oral health.</p>","PeriodicalId":10647,"journal":{"name":"Community dental health","volume":" ","pages":"167-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145548648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Community dental healthPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2025-11-19DOI: 10.1177/0265539X251400583
Harsha Chugh, Bradley Christian, Liana Luzzi, David Brennan
{"title":"Investigating the associations between oral health behaviours and outcomes, in the context of the social gradient in oral health.","authors":"Harsha Chugh, Bradley Christian, Liana Luzzi, David Brennan","doi":"10.1177/0265539X251400583","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0265539X251400583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> To examine the associations between oral health behaviours, quality of life, and caries experience, and to assess the extent to which these behaviours account for oral health disparities across socioeconomic groups. <b>Participants:</b> 879 adults aged 45-54 years from metropolitan Adelaide, South Australia. <b>Research design:</b> Data on socioeconomic status (SES, via household income), oral health behaviours (toothbrushing, mouth rinsing, interdental cleaning, dental visiting, and self-care) and quality of life were collected via questionnaire. Clinical examinations were completed for 709 participants to assess caries experience. <b>Outcome measures:</b> Quality of life, assessed via the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), and caries experience via DMFT scores. <b>Results:</b> An inverse SES gradient was recognised for quality of life and caries experience. Lower-income participants had reduced dental visiting scores [17.5 (95% CI: 17.1-18.0)] than higher-income groups [20.0 (95% CI: 19.6-20.4)], and higher dental self-care scores [17.7 (95% CI: 17.3-18.0)] than mid-income participants [17.6 (95% CI: 17.2-18.0)]. Higher-income individuals were likelier to have visited a dentist in the last 12 months (39.5%) and brush daily (36.9%) than lower-income individuals (29.7% and 30.0%). Full behavioural adjustment attenuated SES disparities in quality of life (unadjusted β = -2.7, 95% CI: -3.4 to -2.1; adjusted β = -2.0, 95% CI: -2.7 to -1.3), but not caries experience (unadjusted β = -0.8, 95% CI: -1.3 to -0.3; adjusted β = -0.7, 95% CI: -1.2 to -0.1). <b>Conclusions:</b> Oral health behaviours were associated with reduced socioeconomic inequalities in quality of life. Insignificant associations were observed between oral health behaviours and caries experience, even after adjustment for SES.</p>","PeriodicalId":10647,"journal":{"name":"Community dental health","volume":" ","pages":"187-194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145556247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Community dental healthPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2025-11-15DOI: 10.1177/0265539X251385510
Nurul Salwa Abdul Rahim, Norintan Ab-Murat
{"title":"The association between family functioning and oral health literacy among Malaysian schoolchildren.","authors":"Nurul Salwa Abdul Rahim, Norintan Ab-Murat","doi":"10.1177/0265539X251385510","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0265539X251385510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> Family context is recognised as a critical determinant of children's health, with family functioning identified as a significant influence on children's oral health outcomes. However, its association with oral health literacy (OHL) remains unclear. This study aims to examine the relationship between family functioning and OHL in 12-year-old Malaysian schoolchildren. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted among 375 12-year-old schoolchildren from public primary schools in Malaysia, selected through multistage random sampling. Two validated instruments were administered in a classroom setting: the Malaysian version of the Oral Health Literacy Adult Questionnaire (OHL-AQ) and the Malay version of the FACES-IV package to evaluate family functioning. <b>Results:</b> Only 28% of schoolchildren demonstrated adequate OHL. Higher mean scores were observed for balanced cohesion (25.9, SD = 4.01) and balanced flexibility (26.09, SD = 4.46) compared to unbalanced family functioning scales. Weak but positive correlations were found between OHL and balanced cohesion (r = 0.242), balanced flexibility (r = 0.324), and family satisfaction (r = 0.292). Rigidity, an unbalanced scale, also showed a positive correlation (r = 0.231). Predictors of high OHL included rigid family functioning, lower family communication, greater family satisfaction, and being female. <b>Conclusion:</b> Participants demonstrated low OHL levels, with some associations observed between OHL and family functioning. This study highlights the value of family-centred approaches, underscoring the need for policies and interventions that promote positive family dynamics to support OHL in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":10647,"journal":{"name":"Community dental health","volume":" ","pages":"138-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145523046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Community dental healthPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2025-11-18DOI: 10.1177/0265539X251400586
Fernando L Kloeckner, Jaíne C Uliana, Karla Z Kantorski
{"title":"Depression is associated with periodontitis, dental caries and edentulism: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.","authors":"Fernando L Kloeckner, Jaíne C Uliana, Karla Z Kantorski","doi":"10.1177/0265539X251400586","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0265539X251400586","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This systematic review aimed to investigate the association between depression and oral health outcomes, including periodontitis, gingivitis, dental caries, partial tooth loss, and edentulism (complete tooth loss). <b>Methods:</b> A comprehensive search was conducted across seven major databases and two gray literature sources, including only studies with probabilistic samples, clinical assessment of oral outcomes, validated measuring of depression, and analyses statistically controlled for confounders. Two reviewers independently performed study selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment (Newcastle-Ottawa scale), and evaluation of evidence certainty. <b>Results:</b> From 5865 unique records identified, 53 studies were included (44 cross-sectional and 9 cohort studies), with low risk of bias in 45 studies. Depression was significantly associated with the outcomes of periodontitis (OR = 1.30, 95%CI 1.07-1.57, I<sup>2</sup> = 56%), dental caries (PR = 1.32, 95%CI 1.12-1.52, I<sup>2</sup> = 0%), and edentulism (OR = 1.26, 95%CI 1.16-1.37, I<sup>2</sup> = 35%). Individuals with edentulism were more likely to have the outcome of depression compared to controls (OR = 1.37, 95%CI 1.15-1.64, I<sup>2</sup> = 69%). Meta-analyses demonstrated very low to low certainty of evidence. <b>Conclusions:</b> This systematic review and meta-analysis found significant associations between depression and oral health outcomes, such as periodontitis, dental caries and edentulism. These findings reinforce the interconnection between oral health and psychological factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":10647,"journal":{"name":"Community dental health","volume":" ","pages":"98-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145548607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Community dental healthPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2025-11-18DOI: 10.1177/0265539X251400503
Elizabeth Crouch, Joni Nelson, Peiyin Hung, Emma Boswell, Cassie Odahowski, Amy Martin
{"title":"Geographic disparities in children's oral health in the United States.","authors":"Elizabeth Crouch, Joni Nelson, Peiyin Hung, Emma Boswell, Cassie Odahowski, Amy Martin","doi":"10.1177/0265539X251400503","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0265539X251400503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study examines variations in access to dental care and oral health outcomes by residence for children and adolescents in the United States (US). <b>Methods:</b> This cross-sectional study of 50,277 children and adolescents derived child residence, child and caregiver demographic characteristics, as well as access to dental care and oral health from the 2021-2022 National Survey of Children's Health. Access measures include dental care receipt, preventive dental visit, forgone dental care, and fluoride treatment; oral health outcomes include teeth condition, oral health problems, and tooth decay status. All descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analyses consider sampling weights for population-based estimates. <b>Results:</b> Rural versus urban children had lower rates of reporting excellent/very good teeth condition (71.1% vs 74.4%, <i>p</i> = 0.0015), higher rates of one or more oral health problems (18.7% vs 15.6%, <i>p</i> = 0.0009) and tooth decay (16.6% vs 13.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.0008), and lower rates of receiving fluoride treatment (18.3% vs 15.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.0043). Regarding access to dental care, in the unadjusted analysis, rural children were less likely to receive preventive dental care (81.7% vs 84.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.0012) and more likely to forgo needed dental care than urban children (2.6% vs 1.6%, <i>p</i> = 0.0082). After adjusting for other child and caregiver characteristics, there was no significant difference between residence and preventive dental care. <b>Conclusions:</b> This study provides updated and timely information for policymakers and community partners and shows that rural US children were both more likely to experience oral health problems and less likely to receive needed dental care.</p>","PeriodicalId":10647,"journal":{"name":"Community dental health","volume":" ","pages":"144-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145539324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Community dental healthPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2025-11-19DOI: 10.1177/0265539X251400455
Emma Barnes, Paul Brocklehurst, Anwen Cope
{"title":"The impact of dental caries and local-area deprivation on 5-year-olds' oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).","authors":"Emma Barnes, Paul Brocklehurst, Anwen Cope","doi":"10.1177/0265539X251400455","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0265539X251400455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To explore the impact of area-level deprivation on 5-year-olds' (school year 1) oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in Wales. <b>Basic research design:</b> During the 2022/23 academic year, a sample of 5-year-old children in state-maintained schools in Wales were selected to undergo a clinical examination. A random stratified sample of 15,625 children were invited to participate. The British Association for the Study of Community Dentistry diagnostic criteria was used to calculate d3mft (decayed, missing, and filled teeth) and PUFA (pulpal involvement, ulceration, fistula, and abscess) scores for each child. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Before the examination, parents/guardians completed the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS), a validated measure of OHRQoL. <b>Results and Conclusion:</b> Data were gathered from 8,463 children from 612 schools, with a mean age of 5.95 years. 28.6% had experienced dental caries. Mean d3mft was 1.07 (3.39 in those with caries experience) and PUFA was present in 2.0%. 18.4% of parents/guardians reported a negative impact on the ECOHIS and this increased to 35.1% amongst children with caries experience (d3mft>0). The most common impacts reported were pain (11.6%, 23.6% if d3mft>0) and feelings of guilt in parents/guardians (6.7%, 16.5% if d3mft>0). The highest levels of impact were recorded amongst children from deprived communities, and this persisted after controlling for caries experience or untreated decay (<i>p</i> < 0.05). These data reinforce the need for measures to tackle early childhood caries alongside other efforts to minimise childhood disadvantage.</p>","PeriodicalId":10647,"journal":{"name":"Community dental health","volume":" ","pages":"160-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145556208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}