Community dental health最新文献

{"title":"The Australian oral health practitioner workforce: A scoping review.","authors":"William Carlson-Jones, Lyndal Pritchard, Loc Do, Jennifer Gray, Nicole Stormon","doi":"10.1177/0265539X251381204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0265539X251381204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the existing evidence regarding the training, scope of practice (SOP) and distribution of oral health practitioners (OHPs) in Australia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A scoping review was conducted using a reflexive thematic analysis to capture the education and training, workforce characteristics and SOP of Australian OHPs. The literature on the OHP workforce published in peer-reviewed journals as well as in grey literature was included in the scoping review from a range of databases including PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, ABI/INFORM, Analysis & Policy Observatory (APO), Informit, Libraries Australia. Included papers were those published in English only that detailed descriptors of clinical skill sets; practitioner education and training; and practitioner characteristics such as gender, age, practice location, workplace type (e.g., public, private, academia), full-time equivalency, remuneration, and workforce retention. Excluded were studies not published in English, focusing on practitioners outside Australia, non-key outcomes, and publications prior to 1^st July 2010 or after 30^th June 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The training of OHPs in Australia has changed for each of the divisions moving from 2-year diplomas to 3-year bachelors degrees. The OHP workforce was found to possess a range of variation in age, gender, and principal practice settings across the divisions. SOP was not consistently described or measured in the literature for OHPs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The training pathways and SOP for OHPs in Australia have evolved over time, reflecting changes in educational standards and workforce needs. Geographic and regulatory factors were identified to influence SOP for OHPs. However, there is a lack of consistent measurement and description of SOP in the literature, highlighting the need for further research. Future studies should focus on the service provision and employment characteristics of DHs, DTs, and OHTs to identify potential gaps in care.</p>","PeriodicalId":10647,"journal":{"name":"Community dental health","volume":" ","pages":"265539X251381204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to genome-wide association studies: Exploring their utility in caries and periodontitis.","authors":"Lisa Kastenbom, Anders Esberg, Simon Haworth","doi":"10.1177/0265539X251381496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0265539X251381496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) are the primary method used to investigate the effects of common genetic variants on health and disease and are increasingly used as an arena for applied epidemiological methods. There are now a growing number of applications of GWAS in oral health research, yielding exciting findings and holding great potential for future discoveries. While exciting, the GWAS approach has inherent limitations, and the success of these experiments depends on achieving adequate statistical power. In the context of dental diseases, where multiple genetic variants have small effects, very large samples are needed to unlock the full potential of GWAS. This article discusses the motivation for undertaking these studies, introduces the GWAS method, and highlights the potential of GWAS to help unravel the complex factors influencing oral health and diseases. Alongside the promises of GWAS, this article also summarizes the key challenges that need to be addressed for this method to be deployed usefully and suggests criteria to consider during the appraisal of a GWAS paper.</p>","PeriodicalId":10647,"journal":{"name":"Community dental health","volume":" ","pages":"265539X251381496"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empowering caregivers to enhance oral health among children with special needs: An interventional study.","authors":"Fatima Dsilva, Punarva M Honnavar, Amarshree A Shetty, Arun Kp Thejaus, Bangalore Appajaiah Yathikumar Swamy Gowda","doi":"10.1177/0265539X251379611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0265539X251379611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children with special needs face restrictions in dental hygiene due to disabilities. Dental education and preventive measures can significantly improve oral health among children with special needs. This study aims to assess the oral health status of children with Cerebral Palsy, Autism and Down Syndrome and to evaluate the effectiveness of the interventional programs on oral health status in Karnataka, India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quantitative, interventional study with a repeated measures design was conducted among 135 children diagnosed with Cerebral Palsy, Autism, and Down Syndrome. Data were gathered using a Demographic Proforma, the WHO Oral Health Status Questionnaire and WHO Oral Health Assessment Form (2013). The intervention included weekly sessions over 3 months, featuring supervised tooth brushing training, individualised dental counselling for caregivers, interactive educational modules, and distribution of a Pictorial Information Manual in local languages. Data were analysed using SPSS Version 29.0, with a significance level set at <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study consisting 135 children, oral health status scores as evidenced by statistically significant changes (<i>p</i> < 0.001) indicating improvement in dental health. The Oral health of children shows substantial changes, which were statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.001), confirming the positive impact of the intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study interventions were enriching for caregivers with sufficient information and skill on dental care. The development of the Pictorial Information Manual is a unique manual enriched with of attractive pictures and relevant information on oral health, which was made copyrighted and distributed to caregivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":10647,"journal":{"name":"Community dental health","volume":" ","pages":"265539X251379611"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of swallowing difficulties in a dental clinic: A case study at a general hospital in Thailand.","authors":"Piengtong Dittasoi, Matana Kettratad-Pruksapong, Sirima Kulvanich","doi":"10.1177/0265539X251355498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0265539X251355498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dysphagia, or swallowing difficulty, is common among older adults and can pose risks during dental treatments, including aspiration and accidental ingestion. While dysphagia prevalence is well-studied in healthcare and community settings, data from clinical dental settings remain limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of swallowing difficulties in older adults visiting a dental clinic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted at Nong Khai General Hospital, Thailand, from November 2023 to April 2024, using completed demographic questionnaires and the Thai version of the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10). Swallowing difficulties were defined as an EAT-10 score ≥3. Associations with demographic and clinical factors were examined using Chi-square tests, Fisher's exact tests, and logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 327 participants (mean age 69.2 ± 6.6 years; 52.3% female), 12.5% were screened as positive for swallowing difficulties. Significant predictors included female sex, dietary texture modification, and underlying conditions such as stroke and neuromuscular disorders. Self-reported choking or coughing during dental treatment were also associated with increased risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first study to investigate swallowing difficulties in older adults within a dental clinic setting. The findings underscore the need for dental professionals to screen for dysphagia and consider appropriate precautions to reduce procedural complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":10647,"journal":{"name":"Community dental health","volume":"42 3","pages":"74-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144945666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kidney failure and oral health - A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.","authors":"Galileu Bottermund Galli, Eduardo Ribes Kohn, Pedro Bohlke Barcellos, Luísa Casarin Rickes, Maristela Bohlke","doi":"10.1177/0265539X251355212","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0265539X251355212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The interplay between oral health and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not fully understood, but both conditions may influence each other through chronic inflammatory states. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to investigate the association between CKD and oral health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The review included observational studies (cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort) involving adults (≥18 years) comparing individuals with and without CKD regarding the number of missing teeth, edentulism, or the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index, a recognized indicator of oral health. The databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, together with references, were searched up to October 10, 2024. The results were synthesized using meta-analysis in RevMan software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight case-control studies from Portugal, Turkey, Japan, Brazil, and Thailand were included, with sample sizes ranging from 30 to 204 participants. CKD patients had significantly more missing teeth (mean difference +3.17; 95% CI 2.07-4.28), fewer filled teeth (mean difference -1.23; 95% CI -1.82; -0.64), and higher DMFT scores (mean difference +2.60; 95% CI 1.34; 3.86) compared to controls. No significant difference was found in the number of decayed teeth (mean difference 0.31; 95% CI -0.15; 0.76). The methodological quality of studies ranged from 4 to 7 stars.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with CKD, especially those on hemodialysis, experience more tooth loss and higher DMFT scores, highlighting a gap in oral health care within dialysis units. Although the findings highlight the importance of addressing oral health in CKD patients, further studies are needed in developed countries to better understand the interplay between both conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10647,"journal":{"name":"Community dental health","volume":" ","pages":"39-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144616585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissemination and Implementation Science for Oral Health: Why not consider de-implementation of low-value care to target oral health equity?","authors":"Rafael Aiello Bomfim, Fabio Arriola-Pacheco","doi":"10.1177/0265539X251355214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0265539X251355214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dissemination and implementation sciences provide oral health professionals with an opportunity to understand which determinants promote the adoption of evidence-based innovations and interventions. Within this dynamic field, de-implementation provides the other side of the coin, that is, finding the ways to halt or modify practices that may be harmful to patients, do not hold sufficient scientific backing, or are simply not cost-efficient; conjointly known as low-value care. Scrutinizing low-value care procedures in oral health is essential, as identifying such practices creates opportunities to replace, update, or enhance them with approaches that offer greater benefits to patients, practitioners, and healthcare systems. Effective de-implementation begins with a clear understanding of which low-value practices persist. Only then can we conceptualize strategies to overcome barriers and promote more efficient, evidence-based care within the field. Furthermore, de-implementation can serve as a way to target oral health equity, as shifting away from low value care practices can lead to the better use of human and economic resources in those places where it is needed most. This commentary serves as a conceptualization of de-implementation within oral health, as well as, an invitation for the broader community to reflect on the importance of adequately mobilizing towards the delivery of more equitable care using the vigorous elements that dissemination and implementation science offer.</p>","PeriodicalId":10647,"journal":{"name":"Community dental health","volume":"42 3","pages":"83-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144945587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can the duration of breastfeeding affect oral health on adulthood?","authors":"Danah Buali, Elsa K Delgado-Angulo","doi":"10.1177/0265539X251365727","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0265539X251365727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore the association between breastfeeding duration and self-perceived oral health at age 46 while accounting for various sociodemographic and lifestyle factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a secondary data analysis of the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70), which follows the lives of individuals born in the UK during a single week in 1970. Information on breastfeeding duration was collected via interviews and categorized as: never, less than 3 months, and 3 months or more. Self-perceived oral health at age 46 was dichotomized into \"good\" (excellent, very good, good) and \"poor\" (fair, poor) based on the responses to a single question on a self-administered questionnaire. Covariates included cohort member (CM)'s sex, marital status, education level, and social class in addition to maternal education, father's social class and family ethnicity. Logistic regression modelling was used to assess the association between breastfeeding duration and self-perceived adult oral health.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The unadjusted model showed that breastfeeding for 3 months or over reduced the odds of poor self-perceived oral health by 20% (95% CI: 0.67-0.95). This association was completely explained by sociodemographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the well documented benefits of breastfeeding, the duration of breastfeeding did not appear to influence the self-perceived oral health of the participants at age 46.</p>","PeriodicalId":10647,"journal":{"name":"Community dental health","volume":" ","pages":"48-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144820723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-sectional study of mothers' oral health literacy on oral health status of children.","authors":"Aida Nourian, Leili Tapak, Fahimeh Daneshyar, Maryam Afshari","doi":"10.1177/0265539X251355305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0265539X251355305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In Iran, few studies have been conducted on children's oral and dental indices and the effect of mothers' oral health literacy on these indices. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the level of mothers' oral health literacy (OHL) in relation to the oral health status of children attending dental clinics, compared to comprehensive health services.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study conducted in Iran, we examined the oral health of 436 children aged 3-12 and their mothers. The study utilized the WHO's pathway model and the Fisher-Owens framework to assess structural, intermediate, and direct factors influencing oral health. Data were collected through clinical examinations and interviews, focusing on demographics, oral health literacy (Adult Oral Health Literacy Questionnaire), and behaviors (Children's Oral Health Behavior Questionnaire).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The dental health assessment indicated moderate levels of decayed, missing, and filled teeth, affecting 42.6% of individuals in comprehensive health services and 45.7% in dental clinics. In both groups, children's oral health behavior improved with older siblings, age, and a smaller household size (p < 0.05). In dental clinics, higher maternal oral health literacy was linked to a lower incidence of dental issues (IRR = 0.73, p = 0.007). Children of mothers with higher education exhibited a lower incidence rate of dental problems compared to those with housewife mothers (IRR = 0.75, <i>p</i> = .001). Additionally, moderate oral health behavior in children correlated with a reduced incidence of dental issues compared to poor oral health behavior (IRR = 0.50, <i>p</i> = .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study's findings indicate that higher maternal oral health literacy is positively associated with improved oral health in children. This underscores the significance of educational initiatives designed to enhance mothers' understanding of oral health, ultimately contributing to better dental health outcomes for their children.</p>","PeriodicalId":10647,"journal":{"name":"Community dental health","volume":"42 3","pages":"54-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144945507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of prosthetic and dental status on oral health-related quality of life in community-dwelling older population: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Taha Yasar Manav, Bulent Kesim","doi":"10.1177/0265539X251357104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0265539X251357104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the prosthetic status of community-dwelling individuals aged ≥65 years in the city center of Kayseri and evaluate the impact of these factors on their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In total, 457 older adults from Kayseri were included in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected from 21 Family Health Centers (FHCs). Sociodemographic data and prosthetic status were recorded, and the Turkish version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) was administered to assess OHRQoL. Participants were classified into the following prosthetic groups: complete denture (CD), complete upper denture (CUD), complete lower denture (CLD), removable partial prosthesis (RPP), fixed prosthesis (FP), implant-supported overdenture (ISOD), natural dentition (ND), and need for prosthetic treatment (NP). Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman correlation tests, with a significance level set at <i>p</i> = 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean OHIP-14 score was 9.8. Women reported significantly higher OHIP-14 scores than men, and lower education level and income were associated with higher OHIP-14 scores. Individuals in NP group had the highest OHIP-14 scores, while participants with fixed prostheses reported better outcomes. There was a significant negative correlation between prosthesis satisfaction and OHIP-14 scores (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fixed prostheses had the most positive effect on OHRQoL, while complete mandibular dentures were associated with lower outcomes. Gender, marital status, education, and income also significantly influenced OHRQoL, with women and lower socioeconomic groups reporting lower quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":10647,"journal":{"name":"Community dental health","volume":"42 3","pages":"64-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144945602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of socioeconomic inequalities in dental caries levels in Chilean children aged 6 years, 2008-2023.","authors":"Andrés Celis, María Meleda, Antonia Pérez, Jorge Celis-Dooner, Duniel Ortuno Borroto","doi":"10.1177/0265539X251369459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0265539X251369459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dental caries is the most prevalent chronic disease in children worldwide, disproportionately affecting socioeconomically disadvantaged populations. In Chile, national data from 2007 reported significant inequities in dental caries among six-year-old children, with higher prevalence in rural and low-income areas. This study aimed to evaluate socioeconomic inequalities in the distribution of dental caries among Chilean children aged 6 years from 2008 to 2023, considering recent public health interventions. This ecological study utilized anonymized routine health records from the Chilean public health system and socioeconomic data at the municipal level, covering 2008-2023, with data from up to n = 323 municipalities nationwide. Caries experience was measured as the proportion of six-year-old children with decayed, extracted, or filled primary teeth (dmft > 0) per municipality and year, following WHO criteria. Socioeconomic inequalities were assessed using the Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and Relative Index of Inequality (RII), with linear regression models to evaluate trends over time. A reduction in caries experience among six-year-old children - decreasing from 75.8% in 2008-2011 to 60.4% in 2020-2023 - was observed. Absolute inequality in caries experience between the least and most advantaged groups declined from 14.9% in 2008-2011 to 9.5% in 2020-2023. However, profound socioeconomic inequities in caries distribution persisted throughout the study period. The findings indicate a trend towards reduced socioeconomic inequalities in dental caries among six-year-old Chilean children, possibly influenced by preventive public health programs. Nevertheless, significant inequities and high caries levels remain, highlighting the need for sustained and equitable oral health interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10647,"journal":{"name":"Community dental health","volume":" ","pages":"265539X251369459"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144945525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}