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Resource Wealth: A “Curse” for Labor Rights? 资源财富:劳工权利的“诅咒”?
IF 5 1区 社会学
Comparative Political Studies Pub Date : 2023-05-17 DOI: 10.1177/00104140231178732
Robert G. Blanton, S. Blanton, Dursun Peksen
{"title":"Resource Wealth: A “Curse” for Labor Rights?","authors":"Robert G. Blanton, S. Blanton, Dursun Peksen","doi":"10.1177/00104140231178732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00104140231178732","url":null,"abstract":"Though a great deal of research has examined the economic and political consequences of natural resource wealth, its implications for labor remain empirically under-examined. In this article, we contend that resource abundance undermines labor rights due to the inelastic demand for resource-intensive products, which serves to insulate these states from internal and external pressures to protect these rights. In addition to this direct linkage, we posit that resource wealth indirectly undercuts labor rights through its adverse impact on civil society and bureaucratic capacity. Examining these linkages across 148 countries for the years 1994–2010, we find that resource wealth has a negative and significant impact on labor rights practices, though not on labor rights laws. Results from a causal mediation analysis show that resource wealth also undermines labor rights through its negative impact on labor organizations and bureaucratic capacity","PeriodicalId":10600,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Political Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42314774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cross-National Support for the Welfare State Under Wealth Inequality 财富不平等下福利国家的跨国支持
1区 社会学
Comparative Political Studies Pub Date : 2023-04-14 DOI: 10.1177/00104140231168364
Amalie Sofie Jensen, Andreas Wiedemann
{"title":"Cross-National Support for the Welfare State Under Wealth Inequality","authors":"Amalie Sofie Jensen, Andreas Wiedemann","doi":"10.1177/00104140231168364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00104140231168364","url":null,"abstract":"Wealth is often more unequally distributed than income, and there are considerable differences across countries. In this paper, we argue that wealth inequality helps explain cross-national variation in support for (and the size of) the welfare state because assets serve as private insurance. When wealth, particularly liquid assets, is unequally distributed across the income spectrum and high-income groups hold most assets, strong reinforcing preferences in favor of or against social policies result in antagonistic welfare politics and less government spending. When assets are more equitably distributed across the income spectrum, cross-cutting preferences emerge as more people support either insurance or redistribution. Welfare politics is consensual and facilitates a broader welfare coalition and more government spending. We analyze original cross-national survey data from nine OECD countries and provide evidence in support of our argument. Our findings suggest that wealth inequality reshapes the role of income in structuring welfare politics.","PeriodicalId":10600,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Political Studies","volume":"103 9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135035290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
When the Far Right Makes the News: Protest Characteristics and Media Coverage of Far-Right Mobilization in Europe 当极右翼制造新闻：欧洲极右翼动员的抗议特征与媒体报道
IF 5 1区 社会学
Comparative Political Studies Pub Date : 2023-04-07 DOI: 10.1177/00104140231169029
Pietro Castelli Gattinara, Caterina Froio
{"title":"When the Far Right Makes the News: Protest Characteristics and Media Coverage of Far-Right Mobilization in Europe","authors":"Pietro Castelli Gattinara, Caterina Froio","doi":"10.1177/00104140231169029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00104140231169029","url":null,"abstract":"When do the media cover far-right protests? News coverage matters for the entrenchment of the far right in contemporary democracies, but little comparative research has looked at what drives news attention to far-right mobilization. We apply a classic input–output process model of news selection bias to test the hypothesis that the visibility of far-right protests events depends on the characteristics of protest initiators, type of action, and reactions. We appraise this via logistic regressions on an original dataset of 5972 protest events retrieved from online press releases by far-right groups (input) and national quality newspapers (output) in 11 European countries (2008–2018). The analysis confirms that news media are particularly responsive to contentious action, protest around migration issues, and action–reaction chains between political opponents. Our findings shed light on the role of news organizations in the success of the far-right and on the pathways by which these movements shape public agendas.","PeriodicalId":10600,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Political Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49409472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Message or Messenger? Source and Labeling Effects in Authoritarian Response to Protest 短信还是信使?威权主义抗议反应的来源与标签效应
IF 5 1区 社会学
Comparative Political Studies Pub Date : 2023-04-06 DOI: 10.1177/00104140231168361
Daniel Arnon, Pearce Edwards, Handi Li
{"title":"Message or Messenger? Source and Labeling Effects in Authoritarian Response to Protest","authors":"Daniel Arnon, Pearce Edwards, Handi Li","doi":"10.1177/00104140231168361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00104140231168361","url":null,"abstract":"Authoritarian regimes in the 21st century have increasingly turned to using information control rather than kinetic force to respond to threats to their rule. This paper studies an often overlooked type of information control: strategic labeling and public statements by regime sources in response to protests. Labeling protesters as violent criminals may increase support for repression by signaling that protests are illegitimate and deviant. Regime sources, compared to more independent sources, could increase support for repression even more when paired with such an accusatory label. Accommodative labels should have opposing effects—decreasing support for repression. The argument is tested with a survey experiment in China which labels environmental protests. Accusatory labels increase support for repression of protests. Regime sources, meanwhile, have no advantage over non-governmental sources in shifting opinion. The findings suggest that negative labels de-legitimize protesters and legitimize repression while the sources matter less in this contentious authoritarian context.","PeriodicalId":10600,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Political Studies","volume":"56 1","pages":"1891 - 1923"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44814672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Regulatory Visions and the State in E. Asia: The Irrational Investor Problem in the Comparative Politics of Finance 监管视野与东亚国家:金融比较政治学中的非理性投资者问题
IF 5 1区 社会学
Comparative Political Studies Pub Date : 2023-04-06 DOI: 10.1177/00104140231169015
John K. Yasuda
{"title":"Regulatory Visions and the State in E. Asia: The Irrational Investor Problem in the Comparative Politics of Finance","authors":"John K. Yasuda","doi":"10.1177/00104140231169015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00104140231169015","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the marked transformation in E. Asia’s financial systems, regulators continue to employ hard paternalistic approaches to their stock markets that are viewed as counterproductive to their development. This article argues that the persistence of hard paternalistic regulatory practices can be explained by a regulatory vision—a common analytical framework to order complex uncertain environments that serve as regulatory first principles—centered on an irrational investor. A regulatory vision works alongside pressures emanating from foreign investment, state capitalism, and state-business relations. This understanding of investor rationality is in marked contrast to a liberal market variant, which emphasizes a rational investor, and thus provides a distinctive comparative lens to understand regulatory behavior in a moment of global financial hybridization. The study draws on over 90 elite interviews of senior regulators, stock exchange officers, and market practitioners conducted in China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan, from 2015 to 2019.","PeriodicalId":10600,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Political Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49003056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How Great is the Current Danger to Democracy? Assessing the Risk With Historical Data 当前对民主的威胁有多大？利用历史数据评估风险
IF 5 1区 社会学
Comparative Political Studies Pub Date : 2023-04-05 DOI: 10.1177/00104140231168363
D. Treisman
{"title":"How Great is the Current Danger to Democracy? Assessing the Risk With Historical Data","authors":"D. Treisman","doi":"10.1177/00104140231168363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00104140231168363","url":null,"abstract":"Influential voices contend that democracy is in decline worldwide and threatened in the US. Using a variety of measures, I show that—while there has been some recent backsliding—the global proportion of democracies remains close to an all-time high. The current rate of deterioration is not historically unusual and is well explained by the lower income and unseasoned institutions of many new democracies swept upwards in the Third Wave. Historical data suggest the probability of democratic breakdown in the US is extremely low. Western governments are seen as threatened by weakening popular support for democracy and an erosion of elite norms. But systematic evidence for these claims is very limited. While eroding democratic quality in some countries is indeed a cause for concern, the fear of a global slide into autocracy appears premature.","PeriodicalId":10600,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Political Studies","volume":"56 1","pages":"1924 - 1952"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45366778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The Consequences of Militarized Policing for Human Rights: Evidence from Mexico 军事化警务对人权的影响：来自墨西哥的证据
IF 5 1区 社会学
Comparative Political Studies Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.1177/00104140231168362
Gustavo Flores-Macías, Jessica Zarkin
{"title":"The Consequences of Militarized Policing for Human Rights: Evidence from Mexico","authors":"Gustavo Flores-Macías, Jessica Zarkin","doi":"10.1177/00104140231168362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00104140231168362","url":null,"abstract":"What are the consequences of the militarization of public safety? Governments increasingly rely on militaries for policing, but the systematic study of this phenomenon’s consequences for human rights has been neglected. NGO and journalistic accounts point to widespread violations by the military, but these snapshots do not necessarily present evidence of systematic abuse. Based on unique data on military deployments and human rights complaints in Mexico, we conduct a systematic, country-wide study of the consequences of constabularization for human rights. Following matching and difference-in-difference strategies, we find that it leads to a 150% increase in complaints against federal security forces. We also leverage deployments for disaster-relief operations and complaints against non-security institutions to show that the increase is not due to underlying conditions or higher reporting in the military’s presence. The findings have important implications for our understanding of quality of democracy and the democratic ideals of civilian policing.","PeriodicalId":10600,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Political Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46033248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Credit Claiming by Labeling 标签债权
IF 5 1区 社会学
Comparative Political Studies Pub Date : 2023-04-02 DOI: 10.1177/00104140231169016
Virginia Oliveros, Rebecca Weitz-Shapiro, Matthew S. Winters
{"title":"Credit Claiming by Labeling","authors":"Virginia Oliveros, Rebecca Weitz-Shapiro, Matthew S. Winters","doi":"10.1177/00104140231169016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00104140231169016","url":null,"abstract":"We examine a phenomenon we call “credit claiming by labeling” in which a sitting politician places her name on a project, program, or policy with the goal of claiming credit for it. While the prevalence of this practice suggests that many politicians believe that credit claiming by labeling will aid their careers, there is little existing evidence on this question. We examine the effects of credit claiming by labeling with a survey experiment in Argentina. We find that it has a negative, though small, effect on respondents’ attitudes. Descriptive data suggests that these results stem from the perceived pervasiveness of the practice. We then use evidence from an additional treatment on the (un)biased selection of program beneficiaries to show that respondents actually reward politicians who neither label nor manipulate programs. These results suggest substantial obstacles to overturning citizens’ negative baseline beliefs about the politicized implementation of government programs.","PeriodicalId":10600,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Political Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48690588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
When Strength Becomes Weakness: Precolonial State Development, Monopoly on Violence, and Civil War 当实力变弱:前殖民时期的国家发展、暴力垄断和内战
IF 5 1区 社会学
Comparative Political Studies Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/00104140231169017
Casper Sakstrup
{"title":"When Strength Becomes Weakness: Precolonial State Development, Monopoly on Violence, and Civil War","authors":"Casper Sakstrup","doi":"10.1177/00104140231169017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00104140231169017","url":null,"abstract":"Does the legacy of precolonial statehood affect contemporary levels of civil conflict outside Europe? I argue that places with higher levels of precolonial state development were more likely to end up as weak modern-day states because precolonial state structures and authority structures established by European colonizers came to exist in parallel. This created opportunities and motivation for civil conflict still present in many countries today. I illustrate the argument in the cases of India, Burma, and Ethiopia and test it statistically in a global sample covering 109 countries outside Europe. The results strongly support the theory. Countries with higher levels of state development 3500 BCE–1500 CE have weaker state monopolies on violence and markedly higher levels of intrastate armed conflict in modern times (1946–2018). The findings remain robust across numerous alternative specifications, including using the timing of the Neolithic Revolution as an instrument.","PeriodicalId":10600,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Political Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44287971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Origin of Social Policy for Women Workers: The Emergence of Paid Maternity Leave in Western Countries 女工社会政策的起源：西方国家带薪产假的兴起
IF 5 1区 社会学
Comparative Political Studies Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/00104140231169024
K. Son
{"title":"The Origin of Social Policy for Women Workers: The Emergence of Paid Maternity Leave in Western Countries","authors":"K. Son","doi":"10.1177/00104140231169024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00104140231169024","url":null,"abstract":"Comparative welfare research commonly assumes that women’s political demands were not a crucial factor in the early development of welfare legislation, given their limited access to political resources. This article argues that women contributed to enhancing their right to maternity protection once paid maternity leave was adopted. The early development of paid maternity leave was not only an outcome but also a cause of women’s influence in policymaking. Although paid maternity leave was invented by male policymakers in pioneer welfare states, the adoption of paid maternity leave generated political opportunities for women to push for further expansions. Utilizing an original historical dataset of paid maternity leave, I examine the adoption and extension of paid maternity leave in 20 Western countries from 1883 until 1975. I find that women’s political participation shaped the generosity of paid maternity leave but not the timing of its adoption.","PeriodicalId":10600,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Political Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41489173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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