Toxicology Research最新文献_第2页

Cigarette smoke impairs the endocytotic process in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 香烟烟雾损害酿酒酵母菌的内吞过程。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Toxicology Research Pub Date : 2025-08-20 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf127

Aditya Shukla, Srimonti Sarkar, Alok Kumar Sil

{"title":"Cigarette smoke impairs the endocytotic process in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.","authors":"Aditya Shukla, Srimonti Sarkar, Alok Kumar Sil","doi":"10.1093/toxres/tfaf127","DOIUrl":"10.1093/toxres/tfaf127","url":null,"abstract":"The accumulation of misfolded proteins inside the cells has been considered to be an important contributor to the development of cigarette smoke-mediated diseases. Since endocytosis plays a crucial role in protein trafficking and clearance, impaired endocytosis may contribute to cigarette smoke-mediated protein accumulation. Therefore, the current study investigated the effects of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on the endocytosis process in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The current study demonstrated that treatment of cells with CSE resulted in reduced uptake of the FM4-64 stain, indicating impaired endocytosis. Further analysis revealed that CSE treatment resulted in a defect in the recruitment of proteins involved in endocytosis. Also, aberrant actin filament morphology was found upon CSE treatment, which might interfere with vesicle budding from the membrane. Moreover, the current study showed that the PI(4,5)P2 level in the plasma membrane in CSE-treated cells is reduced due to the failed translocation of MSS4 kinase to the membrane. This reduced PI(4,5)P2 results in aberrant actin filament morphology. Thus, the current study demonstrates that CSE treatment causes endocytosis defects and provides insight into this defective process.","PeriodicalId":105,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Research","volume":"14 4","pages":"tfaf127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12365969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144936859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tanshinone IIA promotes METTL3/METTL14-mediated FDX1 m6A modification to induce cuproptosis in bladder cancer. 丹参酮IIA促进METTL3/ mettl14介导的FDX1 m6A修饰诱导膀胱癌cuprotic。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Toxicology Research Pub Date : 2025-08-20 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf123

Bo Yang, Mengyuan Pan, Tianyi Tao, Kang Chen, Dehui Kong, Jidong Hao, Guoqiang Liao, Feng Liu, Hua Gong

{"title":"Tanshinone IIA promotes METTL3/METTL14-mediated FDX1 m6A modification to induce cuproptosis in bladder cancer.","authors":"Bo Yang, Mengyuan Pan, Tianyi Tao, Kang Chen, Dehui Kong, Jidong Hao, Guoqiang Liao, Feng Liu, Hua Gong","doi":"10.1093/toxres/tfaf123","DOIUrl":"10.1093/toxres/tfaf123","url":null,"abstract":"Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), a pleiotropic bioactive natural compound, has a general anti-tumor effect, as well as in bladder cancer. However, little is known about its mechanism. This work attempts to explore the mechanism of Tan IIA promoting cuproptosis in bladder cancer cells and the effective targets. Copper concentration and total m6A quantification were determined using test kits. Cell viability was tested by CCK-8. Gene expression was evaluated by western blot or qRT-PCR. The m6A methylation level of FDX1 was detected by methylated RNA immunoprecipitation. FDX1 3'UTR activity was evaluated by luciferase activity assay. YTHDC1 binding to FDX1 was detected by RNA immunoprecipitation assay. Inhibition of tumor growth by Tan IIA was verified using a mouse xenograft tumor model. Tan IIA inhibits cell viability and induces the expression of FDX1 and lip-DLAT, key regulators of cuproptosis, in bladder cancer cells. The copper chelator tetrathiomolybdate weakens the inhibiting effect of Tan IIA on cell viability; while Tan IIA enhances the inhibiting effect of elesclomol-Cu on cell viability. FDX1 knockdown reverses Tan IIA-induced cuproptosis. Tan IIA increases FDX1 m6A modification, which is reversed by S-adenosylhomocysteine, an inhibitor of METTL3/METTL14, and this event mediates Tan IIA-induced cuproptosis of bladder cancer cells. The effectiveness of SAH in Tan IIA promoting cuproptosis and antitumor utility is demonstrated in a xenograft tumor model. Tan IIA exerts an anti-bladder cancer effect by promoting the cuproptosis of tumor cells, and the possible mechanism is to promote the expression of FDX1 by METTL3/METTL14-mediated the increasing FDX1 m6A modification.","PeriodicalId":105,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Research","volume":"14 4","pages":"tfaf123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12365958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144936316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrated transcriptome analysis of rats exposed to bisphenol mixtures from the fetal to developmental stage. 从胎儿到发育阶段暴露于双酚混合物的大鼠的综合转录组分析。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Toxicology Research Pub Date : 2025-08-18 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf120

Soontag Jung, Yixian Quah, Onju Ham, Sangyun Kim, Ji-Seong Jeong, Woojin Kim, Seung-Jin Lee, Wook-Joon Yu

{"title":"Integrated transcriptome analysis of rats exposed to bisphenol mixtures from the fetal to developmental stage.","authors":"Soontag Jung, Yixian Quah, Onju Ham, Sangyun Kim, Ji-Seong Jeong, Woojin Kim, Seung-Jin Lee, Wook-Joon Yu","doi":"10.1093/toxres/tfaf120","DOIUrl":"10.1093/toxres/tfaf120","url":null,"abstract":"Bisphenol A (BPA), widely used in plastics and resins, has raised health concerns for its endocrine-disrupting effects. BPA analogues such as bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF) emerged as alternatives but exhibit similar risks. Despite regulations on BPA in many countries, alternatives remain insufficiently controlled. Although the safety of BPS and BPF has not been sufficiently verified, these compounds have already been detected in various environmental sources and human urine, raising serious concerns. While bisphenols are expected to have various adverse effects, research remains limited. This study investigates the adverse effects of bisphenols mixture on rats from fetal stage to young adulthood by analyzing transcriptomes in multiple tissues-liver, kidney, thyroid gland, and reproductive organs-and by gender, to identify key genes affected by bisphenol exposure. Dams were orally administered test substances from gestational day 6 to lactation day 6, and F1 pups received the same substances at half the concentration from postnatal day 7 to day 63. Transcriptome analysis of the collected tissues identified core genes related to high-density lipoprotein metabolism and hormone secretion, providing insights into mechanisms through which BPA may disrupt hormonal balance. Furthermore, the study suggests that combined exposure to BPA, BPS, and BPF produces distinct effects compared to BPA alone, with pronounced impacts on the thyroid and reproductive organs, despite individual concentrations being below the no-observed-adverse-effect-level. These findings highlight the potential cumulative impact of endocrine disrupting chemicals in the body.","PeriodicalId":105,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Research","volume":"14 4","pages":"tfaf120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12360700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144881739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The association of organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) exposure on omega-3 fatty acids metabolism: evidence derived from the United States general population. 有机磷阻燃剂（OPFRs）与omega-3脂肪酸代谢的关系：来自美国普通人群的证据

IF 2.1 4区医学

Toxicology Research Pub Date : 2025-08-17 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf119

Ting-Hsuan Hsu, Hsiu-Yung Pan, Kai-Fan Tsai, Chia-Te Kung, Wan-Ting Huang, Huey-Ling You, Shau-Hsuan Li, Chin-Chou Wang, Wen-Chin Lee, Fu-Jen Cheng

{"title":"The association of organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) exposure on omega-3 fatty acids metabolism: evidence derived from the United States general population.","authors":"Ting-Hsuan Hsu, Hsiu-Yung Pan, Kai-Fan Tsai, Chia-Te Kung, Wan-Ting Huang, Huey-Ling You, Shau-Hsuan Li, Chin-Chou Wang, Wen-Chin Lee, Fu-Jen Cheng","doi":"10.1093/toxres/tfaf119","DOIUrl":"10.1093/toxres/tfaf119","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the association between exposure to organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) and serum omega-3 fatty acid levels in the general U.S. population, using data from 1,350 adults in the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). OPFRs are widely used in consumer and industrial products, and emerging evidence has linked them to disruptions in lipid metabolism. In this study, urinary concentrations of five OPFR metabolites were analyzed in relation to serum levels of key omega-3 fatty acids, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), with adjustment for potential confounders. We observed significant negative associations between higher levels of diphenyl phosphate (DPhP) and the concentrations of EPA, DHA, and DPA. Similarly, bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP) was negatively associated with EPA, bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BCEP) with DHA, and dibutyl phosphate (DBUP) with alpha-linolenic acid and DPA. Participants in the highest quartiles of DPhP and BDCPP exposure showed 18.2 and 18.4% lower EPA levels compared to the lowest quartiles, respectively. DHA levels declined by 17.5% with increasing DPhP and by 9.4% with sum of OPFRs (ΣOPFRs). These findings suggest that environmental OPFR exposure may interfere with omega-3 fatty acid metabolism and highlight potential metabolic and cardiovascular risks associated with these widely used flame retardants. These results underscore the importance of continued environmental monitoring and research into the health effects of OPFRs, particularly as their global use and human exposure continue to rise.","PeriodicalId":105,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Research","volume":"14 4","pages":"tfaf119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12358045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144870479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling the protective efficacy of rutin against High-Sucrose Diet-induced oxidative stress, biochemical alterations, and organismal hazards in Drosophila melanogaster. 揭示芦丁对高糖饮食诱导的黑腹果蝇氧化应激、生化改变和机体危害的保护作用。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Toxicology Research Pub Date : 2025-08-17 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf121

Abhratanu Ganguly, Kanchana Das, Sayantani Nanda, Moutushi Mandi, Gopal Biswas, Siddhartha Ghanty, Prem Rajak

{"title":"Unveiling the protective efficacy of rutin against High-Sucrose Diet-induced oxidative stress, biochemical alterations, and organismal hazards in Drosophila melanogaster.","authors":"Abhratanu Ganguly, Kanchana Das, Sayantani Nanda, Moutushi Mandi, Gopal Biswas, Siddhartha Ghanty, Prem Rajak","doi":"10.1093/toxres/tfaf121","DOIUrl":"10.1093/toxres/tfaf121","url":null,"abstract":"Sucrose is a common ingredient in many foods. However, intake of High-Sucrose Diet (HSD) for a longer duration can fuel metabolic and physiological issues. Hence, continuous efforts implying animal models are essential to mitigate the adverse impacts of HSD on health. Rutin is a bioactive compound with greater biocompatibility and health-promoting effects. Nonetheless, studies investigating the protective efficacy of rutin against HSD-induced health hazards are scarce. Hence, the present work aims to explore the ameliorative potential of rutin against the HSD-mediated hazards in Drosophila melanogaster. First instar larvae of D. melanogaster were orally exposed to control, HSD (30%-sucrose), and rutin-supplemented foods. D. melanogaster exposed to HSD for prolonged periods exhibited reduced survivability, physical fitness, and growth, while rutin co-supplementation significantly mitigated these effects. Rutin co-treatment also normalized HSD-induced eye morphology defects and light insensitivity, alleviated oxidative stress, and normalized sub-cellular endogenous antioxidants. Moreover, rutin supplementation improved cell survivability in visceral organs, reduced protein and lipid oxidation as evidenced by down-regulated protein carbonyl and MDA contents, and boosted CYP4501A1 and GST functions. Thus, co-administration of rutin, mainly at 150, 200, and 250 μM concentrations, effectively mitigated HSD-induced oxidative stress and associated organismal and sub-organismal level adverse outcomes in D. melanogaster, suggesting a protective dietary intervention of rutin against HSD-induced organismal and sub-organismal-level health hazards. Moreover, rutin can be considered as a promising bioactive compound in diets for artificial insect rearing in a controlled environment.","PeriodicalId":105,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Research","volume":"14 4","pages":"tfaf121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12358048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144870480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Subacute oral toxicity study of maxing Kugan decoction on rats. 大鼠口服麻辣肝汤亚急性毒性研究。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Toxicology Research Pub Date : 2025-08-16 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf124

Taiqiang Jiao, Ling Yuan, Jiaqing Li, Bo Zhou, Xiangyang Li, Yifan Yang, Wenjie Jiang, Yang Niu, Yi Nan

{"title":"Subacute oral toxicity study of maxing Kugan decoction on rats.","authors":"Taiqiang Jiao, Ling Yuan, Jiaqing Li, Bo Zhou, Xiangyang Li, Yifan Yang, Wenjie Jiang, Yang Niu, Yi Nan","doi":"10.1093/toxres/tfaf124","DOIUrl":"10.1093/toxres/tfaf124","url":null,"abstract":"The Maxing Kugan Decoction (MKD) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription specifically designed for respiratory infectious diseases in the northwest region, particularly targeting influenza during the winter and spring seasons. While its clinical efficacy has been established, there is a significant gap in its toxicological safety. This study aims to evaluate the subacute oral toxicity of MKD in rats, focusing on its effects on food consumption, weight, vital signs, haematological parameters, and organ histology. To determine subacute oral toxicity, MKD was administered by gavage at 12.6, 25.2, or 50.4 g/kg/day to male and female rats for 90 days. Meanwhile, the general behavior, body weight, food intake, urine routine parameters, blood biochemical, hematological parameters, coagulation parameters, organ coefficients and organ histopathology were recorded and analyzed. The results showed that experimental rats were healthy and displayed no evidence of toxicity. Furthermore, no mortality or abnormalities in general conditions, including diet and weight, were noted. While the levels of a few indicators changed during administration, their levels remained within the normal range and were not correlated with dose or gender. Overall, no toxicological significance was recorded. Meanwhile, histopathological analysis did not identify abnormal pathological changes in tissue structure and cell morphology across organs, and no significant delayed toxic reactions were detected during the remission period. Overall, our results indicated that oral administration of 50.4 g/kg (60 times the clinical dose in humans) of MKD for three months is safe for SD rats and is not associated with toxic side effects.","PeriodicalId":105,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Research","volume":"14 4","pages":"tfaf124"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144870478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Response to "Comparative in vitro and in silico evaluation of the toxic effects of metformin and/or ascorbic acid, new treatment options in the treatment of Melasma". 对“二甲双胍和/或抗坏血酸的体外和计算机毒性作用的比较评价，治疗黄褐斑的新治疗选择”的回应。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Toxicology Research Pub Date : 2025-08-16 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf125

Sharang Gupta

引用次数: 0

Avocado (Persea americana) pulp extract mitigates the testicular oxidative stress and inflammation induced by cadmium in male rats. 鳄梨果肉提取物可减轻镉诱导的雄性大鼠睾丸氧化应激和炎症反应。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Toxicology Research Pub Date : 2025-08-16 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf117

Mahemed Akeel, Gamal Mohamed, Ahmed G Hamad, Mohammed Y Sobhey, Reham A Ghanem, Amany Attaallah, Amira M B Saleh

{"title":"Avocado (Persea americana) pulp extract mitigates the testicular oxidative stress and inflammation induced by cadmium in male rats.","authors":"Mahemed Akeel, Gamal Mohamed, Ahmed G Hamad, Mohammed Y Sobhey, Reham A Ghanem, Amany Attaallah, Amira M B Saleh","doi":"10.1093/toxres/tfaf117","DOIUrl":"10.1093/toxres/tfaf117","url":null,"abstract":"One environmental contaminant that affects several tissues and organs, including the testis, is cadmium (Cd). Persea americana is a distinctive fruit with remarkable nutritional and technological qualities in addition to possible health benefits. This study aimed to assess the ameliorative impact of the avocado pulp extract on the testicular toxicity induced by Cd in male rats. In this study, 40 adults' male Wistar albino rats were utilized. Forty rats were randomly divided into four groups: the control group, the avocado extract (AvE)-supplemented group (125 mg/kg, daily), the Cd-treated group (5 mg/kg, daily), and the Cd-treated group that was supplemented with AvE. Cd showed marked testicular oxidative stress, inflammation, testicular injury, and apoptosis. Also, Cd-exposure adversely affected the tissue biosynthesis of male sex hormones and sperm parameters. The treatment of Cd-exposed rats with AvE revealed a pronounced return to normalcy of the oxidative stress markers, as evidenced by a remarkable decrease in the testicular MDA and an improvement of SOD, CAT, and GSH activities. Additionally, AvE had considerably improved the levels of male sexual hormones and the sperm parameters (count, motility, and viability) that were disrupted by cadmium. Likewise, AvE amended the testicular inflammation and histopatholgical features induced by Cd as indicated by decreased levels of NF-κB and IL-1β, as well as by inhibiting COX-2 expression. Further ameliorative effect of AvE was evidenced by attenuation of testicular apoptosis through lowering of Bax expression and Bcl-2 overexpression. P. americana pulp extract has a potential ameliorative role against cadmium-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the testicular tissues.","PeriodicalId":105,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Research","volume":"14 4","pages":"tfaf117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144870475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nephrotoxic effects of combined exposure to 85 dB(a) noise and 300 ppm toluene in Wistar rats: biochemical and histopathological analysis. 同时暴露于85 dB(a)噪声和300 ppm甲苯对Wistar大鼠肾毒性的影响：生化和组织病理学分析。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Toxicology Research Pub Date : 2025-08-15 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf116

Takoua Ben Attia, Eduardo Alberto López-Maldonado, Said Galai, Linda Bel Haj Kacem, Abada Mhamdi

{"title":"Nephrotoxic effects of combined exposure to 85 dB(a) noise and 300 ppm toluene in Wistar rats: biochemical and histopathological analysis.","authors":"Takoua Ben Attia, Eduardo Alberto López-Maldonado, Said Galai, Linda Bel Haj Kacem, Abada Mhamdi","doi":"10.1093/toxres/tfaf116","DOIUrl":"10.1093/toxres/tfaf116","url":null,"abstract":"Toluene, a widely used industrial solvent, and environmental noise, a pervasive physical stressor, are both recognized for their harmful effects on health. This study examined the individual and combined effects of toluene and noise exposure on oxidative stress, renal function, pro-inflammatory response, and kidney histopathology. Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control (C), noise exposure (N; 85 dB SPL white noise, 8-16 kHz), toluene exposure (T; 300 ppm), and combined Noise + Toluene exposure (NT; 85 dB + 300 ppm). Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Renal function was evaluated using serum urea and creatinine levels, along with serum concentrations of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β. Histopathological analyses were performed to identify structural alterations in the kidneys. All exposed groups exhibited significant renal impairment, as indicated by elevated urea and creatinine levels. MDA levels were markedly increased, confirming oxidative stress. Noise exposure induced elevated SOD and CAT activities, whereas toluene exposure led to a reduction in these activities. Combined exposure exacerbated biochemical imbalances, elevated pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, and intensified renal tissue damage, including glomerular atrophy, tubular degeneration, vascular congestion, and leukocyte infiltration in the renal tissue. These findings demonstrate that toluene and noise are potent nephrotoxic agents whose co-exposure amplifies oxidative and inflammatory injuries. This highlights the critical need to consider combined environmental exposure in toxicological risk assessments.","PeriodicalId":105,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Research","volume":"14 4","pages":"tfaf116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12354949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144870476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of theophylline on vascular tissue in a model of oxidative stress induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles. 茶碱对二氧化钛纳米颗粒氧化应激模型血管组织的影响。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Toxicology Research Pub Date : 2025-08-12 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf079

F M Treviño-González, R M Chávez-Morales, F P Pacheco-Moisés, G G Ortz, H A González-Ponce, A G Valdivia-Flores, M C Martínez-Saldaña

引用次数: 0