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Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C, Comparative pharmacology and toxicology最新文献

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Antagonist like action of synthetic alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists on contractile response to catecholamines in smooth muscle strips isolated from rainbow trout stomach (Salmo gairdneri). 合成- 2-肾上腺素能受体激动剂对虹鳟胃平滑肌条对儿茶酚胺收缩反应的拮抗作用。
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C, Comparative pharmacology and toxicology Pub Date : 1988-01-01
T Kitazawa, N Miyashita, A Chugun, K Temma, H Kondo
{"title":"Antagonist like action of synthetic alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists on contractile response to catecholamines in smooth muscle strips isolated from rainbow trout stomach (Salmo gairdneri).","authors":"T Kitazawa,&nbsp;N Miyashita,&nbsp;A Chugun,&nbsp;K Temma,&nbsp;H Kondo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. The effects of some synthetic alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists on the mechanical activity and on contractile responses to catecholamines were examined in smooth muscle strips isolated from rainbow trout stomach. 2. Contractile responses to noradrenaline and adrenaline in the rainbow trout stomach strips were due to alpha 2-adrenoceptor activation. 3. Clonidine, p-aminoclonidine, naphazoline and guanabenz caused no mechanical response but concentration-dependently inhibited the contractile responses to noradrenaline and adrenaline without affecting the responses to acetylcholine, carbachol, 5-hydroxytryptamine and methionine-enkephalin. The order of potency was naphazoline greater than p-aminoclonidine greater than clonidine greater than guanabenz. 4. It is suggested that in the smooth muscle preparation of the trout stomach, some synthetic compounds (clonidine, p-aminoclonidine, naphazoline and guanabenz), which act on mammalian preparations as alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists, show an antinoradrenaline (-adrenaline) effect; those compounds can be classified as alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonists.</p>","PeriodicalId":10579,"journal":{"name":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C, Comparative pharmacology and toxicology","volume":"91 2","pages":"585-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14041123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Purification and the partial amino acid sequence of an insect neurotoxin from the venom of scorpion Buthus martensi Karsch. 马氏蝎毒液中昆虫神经毒素的纯化及部分氨基酸序列。
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C, Comparative pharmacology and toxicology Pub Date : 1988-01-01
Y H Ji, Y Kimura, K Hsu, S Terakawa
{"title":"Purification and the partial amino acid sequence of an insect neurotoxin from the venom of scorpion Buthus martensi Karsch.","authors":"Y H Ji,&nbsp;Y Kimura,&nbsp;K Hsu,&nbsp;S Terakawa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. A neurotoxic peptide was isolated from the venom of the scorpion Buthus martensi Karsch collected in Henan Province, China. 2. This toxin showed the highest neurotoxic potency to crickets amongst all components in the venom examined. 3. The amino acid composition of the toxin was similar to that of insect toxin 1 of Leiurus quinquestriatus quinquestriatus. 4. The partial primary sequence of the toxin at the N-terminal was very similar to that of an insect toxin of Androctonus australis Hector. 5. We conclude that the neurotoxin we isolated is indeed an insect toxin and thus named it as BmK IT.</p>","PeriodicalId":10579,"journal":{"name":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C, Comparative pharmacology and toxicology","volume":"90 1","pages":"237-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14041386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effects of malotilate on hepatic drug metabolizing systems in different strains of rats. 麦芽糖酸酯对不同品系大鼠肝脏药物代谢系统的影响。
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C, Comparative pharmacology and toxicology Pub Date : 1988-01-01
K Kai, S Kobayashi, E Uchida, H Sakai, E Tanaka, N Kurata, H Yasuhara
{"title":"The effects of malotilate on hepatic drug metabolizing systems in different strains of rats.","authors":"K Kai,&nbsp;S Kobayashi,&nbsp;E Uchida,&nbsp;H Sakai,&nbsp;E Tanaka,&nbsp;N Kurata,&nbsp;H Yasuhara","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. In Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats treated for 7 days with malotilate (MAL:250 mg/kg, p.o.), cytochrome P-450 and b5 contents, aminopyrine N-demethylase and heme oxygenase activities were significantly increased. In Wistar rats, cytochrome b5 content and heme oxygenase and delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase activities were found to be significantly increased. 2. Among the antipyrine metabolites excreted in urine during the 24 hr after antipyrine (100 mg/kg, i.p.) administration, norantipyrine increased significantly in Sprague-Dawley rats, while a significant increase of 4-hydroxyantipyrine was observed in Wistar rats. 3. The serum dimethadione/trimethadione ratio was only found to be significantly increased in Sprague-Dawley rats. 4. These results indicate that malotilate may have inducible effects on hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes, and that it affects the various cytochrome P-450 isozymes from different strains of rat in different ways.</p>","PeriodicalId":10579,"journal":{"name":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C, Comparative pharmacology and toxicology","volume":"90 1","pages":"13-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14041552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Acivicin inhibits Crithidia fasciculata growth in a serum-free medium and inactivates carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase II in vivo. Acivicin在无血清培养基中抑制束状棘草生长，并在体内灭活氨甲酰磷酸合成酶II。
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C, Comparative pharmacology and toxicology Pub Date : 1988-01-01
T Aoki, H Oya
{"title":"Acivicin inhibits Crithidia fasciculata growth in a serum-free medium and inactivates carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase II in vivo.","authors":"T Aoki,&nbsp;H Oya","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. Crithidia fasciculata was grown in a serum-free medium. 2. Twenty-six hours after addition of 2, 5, 20, 50, and 150 microM acivicin to logarithmically growing organisms, cell counts were decreased to 46, 23, 14, 9.1, and 8.6% of the control, respectively. 3. Guanosine plus cytidine (0.1 mM each) provided complete protection against growth inhibition by 5 microM acivicin. 4. Cells exposed to 10 microM acivicin showed a time-dependent, irreversible inactivation of L-glutamine-dependent carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase II activity; ammonia-dependent synthetase II activity was increased up to 34% of the control. 5. Glutamine (20 mM) protected the enzyme from inactivation in vivo. 6. These results indicate that acivicin acts as an affinity analog of L-glutamine in vivo as it does in vitro.</p>","PeriodicalId":10579,"journal":{"name":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C, Comparative pharmacology and toxicology","volume":"90 2","pages":"391-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14039391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Postsynaptic modulation of cholinergic transmission by endogenous substances. 内源性物质对胆碱能传递的突触后调节。
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C, Comparative pharmacology and toxicology Pub Date : 1988-01-01
T Akasu, M Ariyoshi, T Tokimasa
{"title":"Postsynaptic modulation of cholinergic transmission by endogenous substances.","authors":"T Akasu,&nbsp;M Ariyoshi,&nbsp;T Tokimasa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. Recent concept of postsynaptic modulation is reviewed on the basis of literature data and the results of our investigation using conventional intracellular and voltage-clamp recording methods, in vitro. 2. Experimental evidence provided that the sensitivity of nicotinic ACh receptors endowed on the postsynaptic membrane of the bullfrog sympathetic ganglia and of the frog skeletal muscle end-plate is either facilitated or inhibited by other neurotransmitters or neurohormones. 3. We propose that one neurotransmitter not only initiates its own postsynaptic potential but also regulates the efficacy of synaptic transmission mediated by a distinct neurotransmitter, as an endogenous \"antagonist\" or \"sensitizer\".</p>","PeriodicalId":10579,"journal":{"name":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C, Comparative pharmacology and toxicology","volume":"91 1","pages":"241-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14041975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Responses of the melanophores of the medaka, Oryzias latipes, to adrenergic drugs: evidence for involvement of alpha 2 adrenergic receptors mediating melanin aggregation. 米达科动物黑素细胞对肾上腺素能药物的反应:α 2肾上腺素能受体介导黑色素聚集的证据
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C, Comparative pharmacology and toxicology Pub Date : 1987-01-01
F Morishita
{"title":"Responses of the melanophores of the medaka, Oryzias latipes, to adrenergic drugs: evidence for involvement of alpha 2 adrenergic receptors mediating melanin aggregation.","authors":"F Morishita","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. Melanin-aggregation response of the medaka melanophores to a series of adrenergic drugs were examined. 2. Concentration-response curves for the drugs indicated that the melanin-aggregating effects of alpha 2 adrenergic agonists, naphazoline, tramazoline and clonidine, were more than 100-fold greater than that of alpha 1 agonists, phenylpropanolamine, phenylephrine, oxymetazoline and methoxamine. 3. The inhibitory effect of alpha 2 antagonist, yohimbine, on the cell responses to the agonists were also about 100-fold greater than that of alpha 1 antagonists, corynanthine and prazosin. 4. These results indicate that adrenergic receptors which mediate melanin-aggregation response of the cells are alpha 2 in nature.</p>","PeriodicalId":10579,"journal":{"name":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C, Comparative pharmacology and toxicology","volume":"88 1","pages":"69-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14027821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Induction of anionic glutathione transferases in rat liver by propylthiouracil. 丙硫脲嘧啶对大鼠肝脏阴离子谷胱甘肽转移酶的诱导作用。
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C, Comparative pharmacology and toxicology Pub Date : 1987-01-01
E Lee, S Okuno, K Kariya
{"title":"Induction of anionic glutathione transferases in rat liver by propylthiouracil.","authors":"E Lee,&nbsp;S Okuno,&nbsp;K Kariya","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The treatment of rats with propylthiouracil (PTU) resulted in an induction of not only cationic but also anionic glutathione (GSH) transferases. DE-52 column chromatography of the anionic GSH transferases divided into five main peaks (I-V). Peaks I-IV had a high activity toward 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB). Peak V, which is a new form of the enzyme, showed high activity to ethacrynic acid. PTU induced peaks I and V, whereas phenobarbital increased the activity of only peak I.</p>","PeriodicalId":10579,"journal":{"name":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C, Comparative pharmacology and toxicology","volume":"86 1","pages":"41-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14018512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of Ca2+ agonist and antagonists on cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration: studies on Ca2+ channels in rat parotid cells. Ca2+激动剂和拮抗剂对细胞质游离Ca2+浓度的影响:大鼠腮腺细胞Ca2+通道的研究。
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C, Comparative pharmacology and toxicology Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0742-8413(87)90072-7
H. Takemura, H. Ohshika
{"title":"Effects of Ca2+ agonist and antagonists on cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration: studies on Ca2+ channels in rat parotid cells.","authors":"H. Takemura, H. Ohshika","doi":"10.1016/0742-8413(87)90072-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0742-8413(87)90072-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10579,"journal":{"name":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C, Comparative pharmacology and toxicology","volume":"14 1","pages":"219-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85602646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
A subtype of adenosine receptors mediating pigment dispersion in leucophores of the medaka: evidence for an A2-receptor. 腺苷受体的一种亚型，介导水母白质中色素的分散:a2受体存在的证据。
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C, Comparative pharmacology and toxicology Pub Date : 1987-01-01
S Namoto
{"title":"A subtype of adenosine receptors mediating pigment dispersion in leucophores of the medaka: evidence for an A2-receptor.","authors":"S Namoto","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. Adenosine and its derivatives induced dispersion of leucosomes in leucophores of the medaka, Oryzias latipes. 2. Among the purines used, 5'-N-ethylcarboxiamideadenosine was the most effective and its potency was far greater than that of adenosine, N6-L-phenylisopropyladenosine and N6-cyclohexyladenosine. 3. Methylxanthines inhibited the purine action competitively, but beta adrenergic antagonists and dipyridamole did not. 4. Beta adrenergic agonists and forskolin synergistically augmented the purine action, while Li+ blocked it competitively. 5. The results suggest that medaka leucophores possess A2 adenosine receptors on the cell membranes, the stimulation of which induces leucosome-dispersion response by increasing the cellular level of cyclic AMP through activation of adenylate cyclase activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":10579,"journal":{"name":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C, Comparative pharmacology and toxicology","volume":"88 1","pages":"75-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14027822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Changes in the blood of Wistar rats in acute poisoning with ethanol and acetaldehyde. 乙醇和乙醛急性中毒Wistar大鼠血液变化。
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C, Comparative pharmacology and toxicology Pub Date : 1987-01-01
E Kukiełka
{"title":"Changes in the blood of Wistar rats in acute poisoning with ethanol and acetaldehyde.","authors":"E Kukiełka","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of ethanol and acetaldehyde on the erythrocyte and leucocyte system of Wistar rats. 2. Administration of the ethanol or acetaldehyde caused a considerable drop in the number of erythrocytes, haemoglobin level and haematocrit value in rats. 3. The mean erythrocyte volume was smaller after only 0.5 hr of exposure to ethyl alcohol. 4. The solutions used caused changes in the leucocyte system expressed in distinct neutrophilic leucocytosis. 5. Changes in the leucogram were reflected in the increase in the leucocyte index. 6. The degree of intensity of changes in both the erythrocyte and leucocyte system point to the greater toxicity of ethyl alcohol intoxication than is the case of acetaldehyde in a toxically corresponding dose (i.e. 0.5 and 5 g/kg body wt respectively).</p>","PeriodicalId":10579,"journal":{"name":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C, Comparative pharmacology and toxicology","volume":"87 2","pages":"409-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14024969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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