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Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie最新文献

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[Polytypic species Mus musculus in Transcaucasia]. [外高加索多型种Mus musculus]。
Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie Pub Date : 1996-05-01
A Orth, E Lyapunova, A Kandaurov, S Boissinot, P Boursot, N Vorontsov, F Bonhomme
{"title":"[Polytypic species Mus musculus in Transcaucasia].","authors":"A Orth,&nbsp;E Lyapunova,&nbsp;A Kandaurov,&nbsp;S Boissinot,&nbsp;P Boursot,&nbsp;N Vorontsov,&nbsp;F Bonhomme","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It has been suggested that the house mouse, Mus musculus, is a polytypic species that originated in the northern part of the Indian sub-continent. Its subspecies have established secondary contact zones in east-centre China and in western Europe. However, the exact colonization routes taken by these subtaxa and their regions of primary differentiation have not yet been identified. We analyzed 89 mice from Transcaucasia at 35 enzyme loci and for polymorphism of the mitochondrial control region and a deletion of the Y chromosome. The various samples analyzed are a mosaic of populations intermediates between M. m. domesticus and M. m. musculus. Trancaucasia appears thus as a broad secondary contact zone, a fact which reinforces the idea that the species has retained large possibilities of remixing.</p>","PeriodicalId":10555,"journal":{"name":"Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie","volume":"319 5","pages":"435-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19736069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Characterization of a novel elastase inhibitor from a fan coral. 扇形珊瑚中一种新型弹性酶抑制剂的表征。
Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie Pub Date : 1996-05-01
S La Barre, A Longeon, M Barthélémy, M Guyot, J P Le Caer, G Bargibant
{"title":"Characterization of a novel elastase inhibitor from a fan coral.","authors":"S La Barre,&nbsp;A Longeon,&nbsp;M Barthélémy,&nbsp;M Guyot,&nbsp;J P Le Caer,&nbsp;G Bargibant","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An acidic hydromethanolic extract of the tropical gorgonian Melithea cf. stormii exhibited anti-elastase activity. From the polypeptidic mixture we isolated and purified to homogeneity a protein with a molecular mass determined at 21,159 Da by Maldi/Tof mass spectrometric analysis. The novel protein of marine invertebrate origin strongly inhibited amidolysis of Suc(Ala) 3pNA by porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) and was labelled iela melst. The N-terminal aminoacid sequence of its 39-first residues revealed the characteristics of a non-classical Kazal-type domain. Iela melst behaved as a reversible tight-binding inhibitor of PPE. The competitive inhibition followed Cha's mechanism A with an equilibrium dissociation constant, Ki, calculated as 1.5 x 10(-9) M.</p>","PeriodicalId":10555,"journal":{"name":"Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie","volume":"319 5","pages":"365-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19736062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Trypsin-induced leukostasis: granulocyte migration in airspaces]. 胰蛋白酶诱导的白细胞停滞:粒细胞在空气中的迁移。
Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie Pub Date : 1996-05-01
E Reichart, H Gérard, P Boerkmann
{"title":"[Trypsin-induced leukostasis: granulocyte migration in airspaces].","authors":"E Reichart,&nbsp;H Gérard,&nbsp;P Boerkmann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Injection of trypsin triggers the delayed appearance of a lung emphysema. Classically, emphysema is attributed to elastase, more particularly to leucocyte elastase. Indeed the acute phase of this experiment is characterized by a granulocyte sequestration within the lung microvessels in diverse species. We also found granulocytes within the terminal airspaces; this fact implies a granulocyte extravasation and directed migration. In order to evaluate this airspace invading by granulocytes during trypsin induced-vascular leucostasis, we washed the lung in cats since this species develop leucocytosis easily. One lobe only was washed for avoiding to harvest the cells present in the trachea and the main bronchi. This study was designed in several parts: (1) the lungs were washed in normal condition and several months later when trypsin was given; (2) in a kinetic experiment, 3 lavages were made consecutively a day either in normal condition or under trypsin treatment; (3) the lung was washed one day after trypsin administration. The granulocytes, and among them the neutrophils particularly, increased in number or in percentage transiently within the terminal airspaces under trypsin treatment; these granulocytes found within the airspaces are about 20% of the lung granulocytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10555,"journal":{"name":"Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie","volume":"319 5","pages":"371-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19736063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Study of the variability of Leuciscus soufia, cyprinidae fish, by analysis of enzyme polymorphism and meristic characteres]. [基于酶多态性和分分体特征分析的鲤科Leuciscus soufia变异研究]。
Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie Pub Date : 1996-05-01
A Gilles, B Barascud, P Bouchard, R Chappaz
{"title":"[Study of the variability of Leuciscus soufia, cyprinidae fish, by analysis of enzyme polymorphism and meristic characteres].","authors":"A Gilles,&nbsp;B Barascud,&nbsp;P Bouchard,&nbsp;R Chappaz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An analysis of 30 presumptive enzyme loci and 7 meristic characters has been used to study different populations of the cyprinid Leuciscus (Telestes) soufia. This fish is considered autochthonous in south-eastern France, with 3 described sub-species. The estimates of gene diversity were similar to results from studies on Cyprinidae from North America. The sample from the upper reaches of the river Durance showed higher levels of gene diversity; heterozygosity and percentage of polymorphic loci than all other samples. Furthermore, the samples from the Durance, as a whole, seem to embrace a population with little or no subdivision. Six of the 7 measured meristic characters yielded no significant differences between samples. The population sample of the sub-species soufia from the river Var differs from the other samples only by allele frequencies, low level of heterozygosity and the number of gill rakers. It is argued that these characters are quite insufficient and may cast doubt as to the validity of the subspecies rank of this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":10555,"journal":{"name":"Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie","volume":"319 5","pages":"393-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19736064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Modulation of the tumoral progression by anti-idiotypic antibodies of angiogenesis factors]. [血管生成因子抗独特型抗体对肿瘤进展的调节]。
Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie Pub Date : 1996-05-01
N Ortéga, F Jonca, S Vincent, C Favard, B Malavaud, N Bertrand, C Mazerolles, P Richmann, Y Pouliquen, J P Sarrammon, M M Ruchoux, J Plouët
{"title":"[Modulation of the tumoral progression by anti-idiotypic antibodies of angiogenesis factors].","authors":"N Ortéga,&nbsp;F Jonca,&nbsp;S Vincent,&nbsp;C Favard,&nbsp;B Malavaud,&nbsp;N Bertrand,&nbsp;C Mazerolles,&nbsp;P Richmann,&nbsp;Y Pouliquen,&nbsp;J P Sarrammon,&nbsp;M M Ruchoux,&nbsp;J Plouët","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We took advantage of the anti-idiotypic strategy to design circulating probes mimicking the biological effects of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) or FGF2 (fibroblast growth factor 2). The activation of the VEGF receptor KDR/flk-1 induced endothelial cell proliferation but not their migration, whereas that of the FGF receptor FGF-R1 gave opposite results. The long lasting delivery of KDR/flk-1 agonists, but not that of FGF-R1, in nude mice grafted with tumor fragments enhanced the tumor volume. Microscopic examination showed an increase in both the vascularization and the proliferation of cancer cells. In contrast, no difference in cell proliferation was observed within normal tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":10555,"journal":{"name":"Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie","volume":"319 5","pages":"411-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19736067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mitogenic activity of new lectins from seeds of wild Artocarpus species from Vietnam. 越南野生石竹种子新凝集素的有丝分裂活性。
Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie Pub Date : 1996-05-01
E Blasco, L D Ngoc, P Aucouturier, J L Preud'Homme, A Barra
{"title":"Mitogenic activity of new lectins from seeds of wild Artocarpus species from Vietnam.","authors":"E Blasco,&nbsp;L D Ngoc,&nbsp;P Aucouturier,&nbsp;J L Preud'Homme,&nbsp;A Barra","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proliferative response of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated by new lectins purified from seeds of differents Artocarpus species from Vietnam (A. asperulus, A. heterophyllus, A. masticata, A. melinoxylus, A. parva and A. petelotii) was studied and compared to those of the lectin jacalin purified from jackfruit (A. heterophyllus) seeds collected in the island La Réunion. All lectins stimulated human PBMC to proliferate, with a variable efficiency of the mitogenic activity. Phenotypic analysis of cells recovered after 7 day-cultures showed that these lectins mostly stimulated CD4+ T lymphocytes. These results suggest that these lectins from different Artocarpus species are similar in terms of their mitogenic activity although their structural features are not identical.</p>","PeriodicalId":10555,"journal":{"name":"Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie","volume":"319 5","pages":"405-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19736066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Apropos of a note from Jean-Martin Charcot to the Academy of Sciences (1882). Outdated curiosity or key step in the exploration of physical-mental dialogue?]. [引自让-马丁·沙科给科学院的一份笔记(1882年)。]过时的好奇心还是探索身心对话的关键一步?
Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie Pub Date : 1996-05-01
P Buser
{"title":"[Apropos of a note from Jean-Martin Charcot to the Academy of Sciences (1882). Outdated curiosity or key step in the exploration of physical-mental dialogue?].","authors":"P Buser","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10555,"journal":{"name":"Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie","volume":"319 5","pages":"359-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19736784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The cation distribution set by surface charges explains a paradoxical membrane excitability behavior. 由表面电荷设定的阳离子分布解释了膜兴奋性的矛盾行为。
Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie Pub Date : 1996-04-01
S Genet, J Cohen
{"title":"The cation distribution set by surface charges explains a paradoxical membrane excitability behavior.","authors":"S Genet,&nbsp;J Cohen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is widely accepted that divalent cations can affect membrane excitability by interacting with negative charges on the membrane surface. This effect is generally supposed to arise from a modulation of the surface charge electrostatic field within the membrane. As an alternative mechanism, we propose that this effect may also be due to a generalized coupling between ion currents mediated by ionic composition changes at the membrane surface. To test this hypothesis we have computed the transmembrane potential using ionic current relations in which bulk external Ca2+ and K+ activities are substituted with superficial activities deduced from a Grahame-Langmuir isotherm. The model behavior agrees well with published results on Paramecium electrophysiology and furthermore explains 2 paradoxical observations on the cell membrane excitability upon changes of external Ca2+ and K+.</p>","PeriodicalId":10555,"journal":{"name":"Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie","volume":"319 4","pages":"263-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19734662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Gliotoxic factor and multiple sclerosis]. [胶质毒性因子与多发性硬化症]。
Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie Pub Date : 1996-04-01
F Rieger, R Amouri, N Benjelloun, C Cifuentes-Diaz, O Lyon-Caen, D Hantaz-Ambroise, T Dobransky, H Perron, C Gemy
{"title":"[Gliotoxic factor and multiple sclerosis].","authors":"F Rieger,&nbsp;R Amouri,&nbsp;N Benjelloun,&nbsp;C Cifuentes-Diaz,&nbsp;O Lyon-Caen,&nbsp;D Hantaz-Ambroise,&nbsp;T Dobransky,&nbsp;H Perron,&nbsp;C Gemy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple sclerosis in a disease of the central nervous system characterized by perivascular and periventricular lesions of the myelin and immune cell infiltrates and increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier. We have found a cytotoxic factor of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specific for multiple sclerosis patients which has 2 main characteristic effects in vitro on primary or immortalized astrocyte cultures: (1) disruption of the gliofilament network of the cells; and (2) apoptotic cell death induction. Moreover, in vivo, intraventricular injections of minute amounts of partially purified gliotoxic factor in adult rats have striking effects on both the morphology and general organization of astrocytes in the entire brain and the permeability characteristics of the blood brain barrier, which becomes leaky to immunoglobulins. These pathological effects are strongly similar to some of the neuropathological findings reported during the course of MS--They suggest an entirely new hypothesis to explain the active stage of the disease: the presence of a new factor of unknown extrinsic (viral) or intrinsic (cellular) origin, able to disorganize the glial cytoskeleton and glial cell differentiation. This factor is then able to provoke glial cell death. Such glial cell death may result in both demyelination and increased blood brain barrier permeability. Both in vitro and in vivo studies strongly support the idea that this gliotoxic factor plays a central role in the pathogenesis of MS, making its full identification a critical theme for MS research.</p>","PeriodicalId":10555,"journal":{"name":"Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie","volume":"319 4","pages":"343-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19735915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[The high fork of genome programs]. [基因组计划的高分叉]。
Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie Pub Date : 1996-04-01
J Weissenbach
{"title":"[The high fork of genome programs].","authors":"J Weissenbach","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10555,"journal":{"name":"Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie","volume":"319 4","pages":"247-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19734659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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