Comprehensive psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Mental health of young talented football players in an African context: A cross-sectional observational study","authors":"Boris Tachom Waffo ,&nbsp;Denis Hauw","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Elite sport is a potentially pathogenic environment due to stressors like dual-career, high training demands, and performance pressure. Recent evidence suggests that athletes are at high risk of mental health issues. Even though the FIFA is increasingly paying attention, efforts directed towards young talented footballers are scarce. Few studies have even been conducted on young talented footballers in Africa. The majority of epidemiological studies on athletes also suffer from an analytical approach that does not highlight athletes' mental health profiles. This study aims to describe the mental health profile and their prevalence of young talented footballers in three African representative countries.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study applied an observational-based cross-sectional research design with aspiring footballers from three sub-regions of Africa and aged between 10 and 23. The data was collected face-to-face from March to November 2022. Three screening tools were used to measure three mental health outcomes: Satisfaction With Life Scale (subjective well-being), Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item (depression), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (anxiety). The mental health outcomes were rates and scores of well-being, depression, and anxiety, used in latent profile analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>507 male young talented footballers (263[51∙9%] Cameroonians, 73[14∙4%] Moroccans, and 171[33∙7%] Ivorians) were included in the analysis with a mean age of 15∙1 (SD 2∙37) years. Screening of mental health states revealed that 367(72∙3%) and 412(81∙8%) of these players experienced anxiety and depressive symptoms respectively and 155(30∙7%) experienced low well-being. Differences in mental health outcomes were noted between countries, age groups and competition levels. Three profiles of mental health condition were also identified, namely moderate mental health (Profile 1), languishing (Profile 2) and flourishing (Profile 3).</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>The youth of football academies in the three African countries studied have a specific mental health profile, revealing a high prevalence of common mental disorders in the African context. These findings underline the need to enhance the awareness of mental health issues in young African players and provide tailored support.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>FIFA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 152519"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X24000701/pdfft?md5=20106b452ab7df65023cd05b7f2b636c&pid=1-s2.0-S0010440X24000701-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141787416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the effectiveness of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder: Results from a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial","authors":"Yang Wang ,&nbsp;Jiayue Cheng ,&nbsp;Hanyang Ruan ,&nbsp;Jiazhe Zhang ,&nbsp;Zifeng Zheng ,&nbsp;Liangjun Lin ,&nbsp;Jian Gao ,&nbsp;Chenyu Yuan ,&nbsp;Huiqin Han ,&nbsp;Qing Fan ,&nbsp;Zhen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Characterized by its disabling nature, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) affects individuals profoundly, with nearly 40% of patients showing resistance to initial treatment methods. Despite being safe and easily accessible, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) lacks extensive substantiation supporting its efficacy in treating OCD. The objective of this study was to evaluate how cathodal high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) applied to the right orbitofrontal cortex affected patients with OCD in terms of efficacy.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>47 patients with OCD were enrolled. They were randomly allocated to active or sham stimulation groups, and underwent HD-tDCS stimulation treatment for 2 weeks. The central electrode located in the right orbitofrontal cortex region was cathodic. The severity of the patients' obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depression and anxiety were assessed before and after treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>Out of the total, 44 patients concluded the treatment, comprising 23 participants from the active stimulation group and 21 from the sham stimulation group. Notably, substantial reductions in symptoms related to OCD, depression, and anxiety were exhibited in both groups. With a response rate of 26.1% in the active stimulation group and 23.8% in the sham stimulation group, there was no significant difference in efficacy observed. Furthermore, the reduction in depression and anxiety symptoms at the conclusion of the treatment was not notably superior in the active stimulation group.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study provided evidence for the acceptability and safety of HD-tDCS. Nevertheless, the study did not reveal notable clinical effectiveness of tDCS in addressing moderate to severe OCD in comparison to the sham stimulation group.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 152520"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X24000713/pdfft?md5=41772d7c92f5c5dbfe7e86ef20d48756&pid=1-s2.0-S0010440X24000713-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141844104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clarifying the prevalence of OCD: A response to reader comments","authors":"Ilenia Pampaloni ,&nbsp;Lucy Morris ,&nbsp;Himanshu Tyagi ,&nbsp;Enrico Pessina ,&nbsp;Sabina Marriott ,&nbsp;Claire Fischer ,&nbsp;Heba Mohamed ,&nbsp;Anusha Govender ,&nbsp;Augusta Chandler ,&nbsp;Stefano Pallanti","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This response to a reader's comment on our paper “The Global Assessment of OCD” addresses the critique regarding the stated prevalence of OCD as the fourth most common mental disorder. We acknowledge an oversight in our initial reference, discuss the variable prevalence rates from various studies, and highlight the significant disability caused by OCD. We have requested a correction to the original citation to reflect more recent findings, aiming to ensure accuracy in the discourse on OCD's public health impact.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 152492"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X24000439/pdfft?md5=bcb53af0a6d2590b09d18f058121451d&pid=1-s2.0-S0010440X24000439-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141706293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive measure assessing different types of problematic use of the internet among Chinese adolescents: The Assessment of Criteria for Specific Internet-use Disorders (ACSID-11)","authors":"Mohsen Saffari ,&nbsp;Chao-Ying Chen ,&nbsp;I-Hua Chen ,&nbsp;Kamolthip Ruckwongpatr ,&nbsp;Mark D. Griffiths ,&nbsp;Marc N. Potenza ,&nbsp;Xue Lian Wang ,&nbsp;Yu-Ting Huang ,&nbsp;Jung-Sheng Chen ,&nbsp;Ching-Chung Tsai ,&nbsp;Chung-Ying Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Problematic use of the internet (PUI) is prevalent, particularly among adolescents and young adults. Given the limited measures to assess specific types of PUI, which encompasses a broad spectrum of activities such as online gaming, social media use, pornography use, shopping, gambling, and web-streaming, Muller et al. (2022) developed the Assessment of Criteria for Specific Internet-use Disorders (ACSID-11) to comprehensively assess different types of PUI (i.e., gaming, shopping, social media use, gambling, and pornography use). The present study aimed to validate the Chinese ACSID-11 among adolescents incorporating cross-cultural adaptations.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using forward-backward translation method, a culturally adapted version of the ACSID-11 was prepared. Then, a cross-sectional online survey was administered between September 8 and September 26, 2023. Adolescents, using a convenience sample (<em>N</em> = 11,492; mean age = 16.42 years [SD ± 0.91]; 59.1% male), were recruited from six schools to complete the translated ACSID-11, Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF), Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), and Smartphone Application Based Addiction Scale (SABAS) via an online platform. Pearson correlation coefficients assessed convergent/discriminant validity. Factor structure and measurement invariance were examined through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and multi-group CFA. Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega tested internal consistency.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Associations between the ACSID-11 components and other scales supported convergent validity (i.e., ACSID-11 gaming scale with IGDS9-SF [0.37 ≤ <em>r</em> ≤ 0.41]; social networks use scale with BSMAS [0.24 ≤ <em>r</em> ≤ 0.31]) and discriminant validity (i.e., online gambling scale with BSMAS [0.16 ≤ <em>r</em> ≤ 0.19] and with SABAS [0.11 ≤ <em>r</em> ≤ 0.13]). A four-factor solution indicated good fit with comparative fit index (CFI) ranging from 0.982 to 0.958. The ACSID-11 was measurement invariant across sexes (∆CFI = -0.001 to 0.000) and different levels of related addictive behaviors (∆CFI = -0.001 to 0.000). Both Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega (0.63 to 0.97) were acceptable for both frequency and intensity of responses.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The ACSID-11 is an appropriate scale to assess different kinds of PUI among Chinese adolescents and students. Psychometric assessment of the measure in other cultures and among clinical samples is recommended.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 152517"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X24000683/pdfft?md5=8a35dc669d465800ca6ea4a8b39f6bf9&pid=1-s2.0-S0010440X24000683-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141632911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of treatment attendance in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder and comorbid personality disorders","authors":"Arne van den End ,&nbsp;Aishah Snoek ,&nbsp;Inga Aarts ,&nbsp;Aartjan T.F. Beekman ,&nbsp;Jack Dekker ,&nbsp;Matthijs Blankers ,&nbsp;Nick Lommerse ,&nbsp;Kathleen Thomaes","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>High dropout and low treatment attendance rates among patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and personality disorders (PDs) continue to pose a significant challenge. Despite numerous studies focusing on enhancing treatment attendance, the identification of consistent and reliable predictors in patients with PTSD and comorbid PDs remains limited.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aims to investigate a wide range of potential predictors of treatment attendance, encompassing demographic, patient-severity, treatment, and therapist-related variables in patients with PTSD and comorbid borderline and/or cluster C PDs.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Utilizing data from 255 patients participating in two randomized controlled trials comparing trauma-focused treatment with or without concurrent PD treatment, candidate predictors were individually analyzed in univariate regression models. Significant predictors were then combined in a multiple ordinal regression model.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In total, 40% of patients attended fewer trauma-focused treatment sessions than the minimum recommended in treatment guidelines. Out of the 38 candidate predictors examined, five significant, independent predictors of treatment attendance emerged in a multiple ordinal regression model. Higher baseline PTSD severity (<em>OR</em> = 1.04, <em>p</em> = .036), higher education level (<em>OR</em> = 1.22, <em>p</em> = .009) and a stronger patient-rated working alliance (<em>OR</em> = 1.72, <em>p</em> = .047) with the therapist predicted higher treatment attendance. Conversely, inadequate social support from friends (<em>OR</em> = 0.90, <em>p</em> = .042) and concurrent PD treatment and trauma-focused treatment (<em>OR</em> = 0.52, <em>p</em> = .022) were associated with lower treatment attendance.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In conclusion, this constitutes the first study investigating predictors of treatment attendance in patients with PTSD and comorbid PDs. The results highlight the complexity of pinpointing reliable predictors. Nevertheless, the identification of five predictors provides valuable insights, aiding clinicians in customizing treatment strategies for individual patients and enhancing overall treatment attendance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 152516"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X24000671/pdfft?md5=9c1b24933c2d76b5fc402e50c786cc5e&pid=1-s2.0-S0010440X24000671-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141589839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of emotional abuse on eating disorder psychopathology: A multiple mediation analysis","authors":"Barone Eugenia ,&nbsp;Carfagno Marco ,&nbsp;Marafioti Niccolò ,&nbsp;Bello Rosaria ,&nbsp;Arsenio Eleonora ,&nbsp;Marone Luigi ,&nbsp;Volpicelli Antonio ,&nbsp;Cascino Giammarco ,&nbsp;Monteleone Alessio Maria","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Childhood maltreatment, particularly emotional abuse (EA), has been identified as a significant risk factor for the development of eating disorders (EDs). This study investigated the association between EA and ED symptoms while considering multiple potential mediators.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Participants included 151 individuals with Anorexia Nervosa (AN), 115 with Bulimia Nervosa (BN), and 108 healthy controls. The Childhood trauma questionnaire, the Toronto Alexithymia scale, the Behavioral inhibition System, and the Eating Disorder Inventory 2 scale were completed before treatment. A mediator path model was conducted in each group: EA was set as independent variable, eating symptoms as dependent variables and ineffectiveness, sensitivity to punishment, alexithymia, and impulsivity as mediators.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In individuals with AN, impulsivity emerged as a significant mediator between EA and desire for thinness and bulimic behaviors. Conversely, in individuals with BN, sensitivity to punishment was found to mediate the association between EA and dissatisfaction with one's body.</p><p>Ineffectiveness and difficulty identifying emotions were identified as transdiagnostic mediators in both clinical groups. No mediation effect was found in healthy individuals.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>The simultaneous assessment of multiple mediators in a unique model outlines the complex interplay between childhood EA and ED psychopathology. Improving ineffectiveness, emotion identification, sensitivity to punishment and impulsivity and exploring their relations with early emotional abuse may represent treatment targets in individuals with EDs and childhood trauma.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 152515"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X2400066X/pdfft?md5=38dd5c371ea2a94b49b49e46ee00bdc1&pid=1-s2.0-S0010440X2400066X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141537722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of an abbreviated Big Five personality inventory at large population scale: Psychometric structure and associations with common psychiatric and neurological disorders","authors":"Weixi Kang ,&nbsp;Jeggan Tiego ,&nbsp;Peter J. Hellyer ,&nbsp;William Trender ,&nbsp;Jon E. Grant ,&nbsp;Samuel R. Chamberlain ,&nbsp;Adam Hampshire","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The five-factor model of personality, as quantified using instruments such as the Big Five Inventory, consists of broad personality domains including Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism (emotional instability), and Openness. Such instruments typically include &gt;40 items. However, instruments with many items can be unwieldly and a cause of measurement error in clinical and cohort studies where multiple scales are sequenced. Conversely, established 5- and 10-item versions of the Big Five Inventory have poor reliability. Here, we developed and validated an abbreviated 18-item Big Five Inventory that balances efficiency, reliability and sensitivity.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>We analysed three datasets (<em>N</em> = 59,797, <em>N</em> = 21,177, and <em>N</em> = 87,983) from individuals who participated in the online Great British Intelligence Test (GBIT) study, a collaborative citizen science project with BBC2 Horizon. We applied factor analyses (FA), predictive normative modelling, and one-sample <em>t</em>-tests to validate the 18-item version of the Big Five and to investigate its associations with psychiatric and neurological conditions.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The 18-item version of the Big Five Inventory had higher validity and retest reliability compared to the other previously shortened versions in the literature, with comparable demographic associations to the full Big Five Inventory. It exhibited strong (i.e. large effect size) associations with psychiatric conditions, and moderate (small-medium) associations with neurological conditions. Neuroticism (emotional instability) was substantially higher in all psychiatric conditions, whereas Conscientiousness, Openness and Extraversion showed differential associations across conditions.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The newly validated 18-item version of the Big Five provides a convenient means of measuring personality traits that is suitable for deployment in a range of studies. It retains psychometric structure, retest reliability and clinical-group sensitivity, as compared to the full original scale.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 152514"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X24000658/pdfft?md5=9d6d24ff6cb3a99f7b494aa0f171aec2&pid=1-s2.0-S0010440X24000658-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141579199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Similarities and differences in the psychological factors associated with generalised problematic internet use, problematic social media use, and problematic online gaming","authors":"Magdalena Sánchez-Fernández ,&nbsp;Mercedes Borda-Mas ,&nbsp;Zsolt Horvath ,&nbsp;Zsolt Demetrovics","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Problematic online behaviours are a concern among university students. Although previous research has identified that psychological distress, cognitive distortions, conscientiousness and neuroticism traits, motor impulsivity, and emotion regulation strategies have a significant direct effect on generalised problematic Internet use (GPIU), problematic social media use (PSMU), and problematic online gaming (POG), it is still necessary to determine the extent to which these psychological factors, taken together, are associated with each of the problematic online behaviours. In a sample of 690 Spanish university students, the present study examined the relationship of these psychological factors with GPIU, PSMU, and POG. Correlation and regression analyses were performed. Results reported that (1) high psychological distress, low conscientiousness trait and high motor impulsivity were common associated factors of GPIU and PSMU, but not of POG; (2) high levels of cognitive distortions and cognitive reappraisal were common associated factors of GPIU, PSMU and POG; and (3) expressive suppression and neuroticism trait had no effect on any of the three problematic online behaviours. The findings will help to develop effective prevention and intervention strategies for each problematic online behaviour in the university context.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 152512"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X24000634/pdfft?md5=d7c426c82625e370c374017ce1c06162&pid=1-s2.0-S0010440X24000634-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141480757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Work addiction and personality organization: Results from a representative, three-wave longitudinal study","authors":"Viktória Bodó ,&nbsp;Zsolt Horváth ,&nbsp;Borbála Paksi ,&nbsp;Andrea Eisinger ,&nbsp;Katalin Felvinczi ,&nbsp;Zsolt Demetrovics ,&nbsp;Bernadette Kun","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Background: Several studies have explored the relationship between personality and work addiction, suggesting that individuals with certain mental disorders, including personality disorders such as obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD), may be more prone to work addiction. However, the characterization of personality organization (PO) among workaholics and its contribution to the persistence of work addiction remains unclear. Methods: In this longitudinal study of a representative sample of young adults (<em>N</em> = 1748), we applied the Bergen Work Addiction Scale and the Inventory of Personality Organization. Results: We found significant correlations between work addiction and identity diffusion, primitive psychological defenses, reality testing, and overall personality disorganization across three waves. A latent class growth analysis revealed three profiles: no work addiction, increasing work addiction, and constant moderate work addiction. Multinomial logistic regression analysis indicated that higher levels of personality disorganization in wave 1 and increases in personality disorganization between waves 1 and 3 were associated with higher odds of belonging to the increasing work addiction group. Similarly, higher overall personality disorganization in wave 1 was associated with higher odds of belonging to the constant moderate work addiction group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that individuals with chronic work addiction have lower levels of PO, and PO declines as work addiction persists. Screenings for work addiction are recommended to prevent potential mental health issues. Future research should explore the influence of workplace characteristics and work motivations on the association between work addiction and personality disorders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 152513"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X24000646/pdfft?md5=07c1413693de1faa5eb96d55964894e5&pid=1-s2.0-S0010440X24000646-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141466740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"We've all been wrong about provisional tic disorder","authors":"Sarah C. Grossen ,&nbsp;Amanda L. Arbuckle ,&nbsp;Emily C. Bihun ,&nbsp;Jonathan M. Koller ,&nbsp;David Y. Song ,&nbsp;Angela M. Reiersen ,&nbsp;Bradley L. Schlaggar ,&nbsp;Deanna J. Greene ,&nbsp;Kevin J. Black","doi":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Provisional Tic Disorder (PTD) is common in childhood. The received wisdom among clinicians is that PTD is short-lived and mild, with at most a few tics, and rarely includes complex tics, premonitory phenomena or comorbid illnesses. However, such conclusions come from clinical experience, with biased ascertainment and limited follow-up.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Prospective study of 89 children with tics starting 0–9 months ago (median 4 months), fewer than half from clinical sources. Follow-up at 12 (± 24, 36, 48) months after the first tic.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>At study entry, many children had ADHD (39), an anxiety disorder (27), OCD (9) or enuresis (17). All had at least two current tics, with a mean total since onset of 6.9 motor and 2.0 phonic tics. Forty-one had experienced a complex tic, and 69 could suppress some tics. Tics were clinically meaningful: 64 had tics severe enough for a clinical trial, and 76 families sought medical attention for the tics.</p><p>At 12 months, 79 returned, and 78 still had tics. Of these, 29 manifested no tics during history and extended examination, but only <em>via</em> audio-visual monitoring when the child was seated alone. Only 12/70 now had plans to see a doctor for tics. Most who returned at 2–4 years still had tics known to the child and family, but medical impact was low.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our results do not contradict previous data, but overturn clinical lore. The data strongly argue against the longstanding but arbitrary tradition of separating tic disorders into recent-onset <em>versus</em> chronic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10554,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive psychiatry","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 152510"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X24000610/pdfft?md5=61fd9091c12047ff8f118725c0e81c02&pid=1-s2.0-S0010440X24000610-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141466729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}