Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination最新文献

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE SUBJECT AREA OF CRISIS MANAGEMENT ON RECEIVING A SIGNAL ABOUT AN EMERGENCY","authors":"S. Kadiev, R. Khabibullin","doi":"10.25257/fe.2021.3.75-81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2021.3.75-81","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The article analyzes crisis management subject area on receiving a signal about an emergency in crisis management center (CMC). Statistical data on emergencies for the period 2016-2020 have been provided. A review and analysis of Russian and foreign research works in the field of development and application of information technology during disaster response stage have been carried out. Based on the results of the analysis, the task to formalize a disaster response stage by crisis management, develop the model of emergency classification using machine learning methods has been set. The functional model of the subject area “Crisis Management Center performance on receiving a signal about an emergency” has been presented. The main stages of ontology creation of the considered subject area have been formed, instances of the ontological model have been decomposed and identified, a set of properties-relations of the components has been defined, a flow chart of the model has been presented. Methods. To formalize the disaster response process by crisis management the authors of the article have used the method of functional simulation.In order to compile the semantics of the subject area three main methods of ontology building have been defined: frame method, production rule method, semantic networks. Findings. To formalize the process of making management decisions by crisis managers the functional model according to the IDEF0 standard has been developed. The composition order of ontological model “Crisis Management Center performance on receiving a signal about an emergency” has been determined, the main components and properties- relations have been identified. Research application field. The obtained results will make it possible to formalize the considered process of making decisions by crisis managers, identify patterns and define areas requiring development in disaster response management support system. Conclusions. In the course of further work, it is planned to compile an emergency database, develop the emergency classification model in order to improve emergency management when responding to man-made disasters.","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127026113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FEATURES OF WORKING OUT AUTOMATED FOREST FIRE SAFETY CONTROL SYSTEM IN THE VORONEZH REGION","authors":"V. Uskov, Military Educational, Y. Gagarin, S. Anisimov, V. Lukyanenko, G. Martynenko","doi":"10.25257/fe.2019.3.15-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2019.3.15-20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127262099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MATRIX MODEL FOR EVALUATING RELATIVE SIGNIFICANCE OF UNITED STATE SYSTEM OF PREVENTION AND ELIMINATION OF EMERGENCY SITUATIONS ACTIVITIES","authors":"Kostrubitsky A.","doi":"10.25257/fe.2021.4.50-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2021.4.50-58","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To increase management efficiency of the population protection system in man-made disasters, estimation of readiness rate for carrying out activities to protect the population with subsequent estimation of population protection territorial indices in emergencies is proposed. With this purpose, it is necessary to develop a model for assessing major United state system of prevention and elimination of emergency situations activities relative significance: sheltering the population in civil defense shelters, evacuating population from emergency zones, using respiratory protecting equipment, carrying out medical protection activities and providing emergency-rescue operations and other urgent works in emergency zones. Methods. With in the systematic approach framework, mathematical modeling, expert evaluation method, hierarchy analysis method and its modifications, as well as elements of decision-making theory have been used in the research. The article presents an approach based on paired comparisons method to assess relative significance of major United state system of prevention and elimination of emergency situations activities in conditions of chemical, radiation, hydrodynamic hazards, and fire and explosion hazard, where the criteria mutual superiority in terms of population protection effectiveness in implementing each of the considered man-made hazards is determined. To conduct paired comparisons, a criteria relative superiority scale is used. Mathematical results processing of paired comparisons is carried out in accordance with the rules of hierarchy analysis method and includes the following operations: compiling an indicators matrix for comparing major United state system of prevention and elimination of emergency situations activities to protect the population from man-made hazards, normalizing the elements of the matrix columns, constructing a normalized values matrix, and forming a local priorities vector. The paired comparisons procedure involves a group assessment of local priorities vector as geometric mean of criteria paired comparisons matrix elements corresponding to each member of the expert group judgments. Findings. A matrix model for assessing relative significance of major United state system of prevention and elimination of emergency situations activities is built, based on hierarchy analysis method and expert evaluation method. The stages of constructing a mathematical model are considered, the procedures of paired comparisons and criteria significance matrix formation are described in detail, a relative significance matrix of major United state system of prevention and elimination of emergency situations activities for protecting the population from typical man-made hazards is calculated on the example of a specific territory. A method for conducting group assessment of local priorities vector is proposed, a procedure for verifying the constructed matrix model for assessing relative significance of United state sy","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127510181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FIRE RESISTANCE OF BUILDING MATERIALS AS A BASIC CHARACTERISTIC OF FIRE RESISTANCE KINETIC THEORY","authors":"V. Roytman, M. State","doi":"10.25257/fe.2019.1.62-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2019.1.62-69","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121933492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FIRE INVESTIGATION ACTIVITY MODEL BASED ON A SCENARIO APPROACH","authors":"L. I., Pleshakov V., Dzhugan V., Malko V., Nazarov S.","doi":"10.25257/fe.2021.4.5-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2021.4.5-14","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Fire investigation is one of the main functions of EMERCOM of Russia. The analysis of activity results of Federal Fire Service forensic institutions based on the current model shows that the point of fire origin is not identified with sufficient accuracy in 63 % of cases, and the fire cause is not unambiguously identified in 74 % of cases. This situation makes it impossible to create an incident information model, to establish cause-and-effect relationships between the phenomena and conditions at a fire scene and also to give the correct legal qualification of the incident. The purpose of the study is to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of fire investigation activities. Methods. The study is based on the theory of system analysis, the theory of functions and the theory of risks. The authors use methods of mathematical modeling and information synthesis, instrumental methods for their support, methods of informatics, expert analysis and combinatorics. Findings. A scenario approach to organize fire investigation activities is proposed. It allows effectively identifying the circumstances of fire occurrence, fire development and negative fire consequences. The problems of the proposed approach are the need to develop a reasonable list of scenarios to be investigated under conditions of information uncertainty and the labour-consuming nature of scenario research, which requires the availability of software and powerful computers. Research application field. The use of the proposed approach will improve the accuracy of determining a fire scenario with severe thermal damage to building structures and interior items caused by fire heat as well as with uneven distribution of fire load in the compartment with the ignition source, taking into account the specific gas exchange in the compartment during a fire and other parameters. Conclusions. The proposed activity model based on the scenario approach, which includes the physical evidence investigation at a fire scene and the results of mathematical modeling of the dynamics of hazardous fire factors, enables to determine the point of fire origin and the cause of the fire and also to establish cause-and-effect relationships between the fire and negative fire consequences with sufficient accuracy.","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122333625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REDISTRIBUTION OF STATE RESOURCES TO ENSURE FIRE SAFETY IN RUSSIA","authors":"O. Kruzhkova, E. Kuznetsova, T. Solovyova, A. Sokovnin","doi":"10.25257/fe.2021.2.110-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2021.2.110-117","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115033749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RESTRUCTURING EMERCOM OF RUSSIA IN THE FRAMEWORK OF REFORMING AND OPTIMIZING BUDGETARY FINANCING","authors":"A. Gurovich, O. Kruzhkova, E. Kuznetsova, T. Solovyova","doi":"10.25257/fe.2019.4.16-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2019.4.16-21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130208005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Record of efficiency indicator in controlling radio communication in fire service units","authors":"V. A. Basov, A. Kholostov, G. N. Malashenkov, A. Ivannikov","doi":"10.25257/fe.2023.1.108-113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2023.1.108-113","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Peculiarities of controlling radio communication when eliminating consequences of man-made disasters are considered. As an indicator that determines the purpose of control, the efficiency of communication in radio network deployed at a fire extinguishment site is considered. Methods. To assess the quality of work and the rationality of the radio network use, an efficiency indicator can be applied. This indicator is calculated using the methods of probability theory. Promptness is presented as a quantitative (probabilistic) assessment that the message will be transmitted to the required subscriber within a time less than the specified one. Findings. It is proposed to use radio communication efficiency indicator in the process of controlling radio communication during field work performed by fire units. Examples of its calculation for a radio network of three subscribers are given, the corresponding graphical dependencies are constructed. Research application field. The obtained results can be used to ensure safety in extinguishing fires and eliminating consequences of man-made disasters. Conclusions. It is shown that process of controlling radio communication can be considered as providing the required value of the efficiency indicator. In this case, the task of controlling radio communication will lie in excluding critical control modes, when network subscribers have an urgent need to contact other participants, who, in turn, are already communicating with network subscribers.","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130930837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SUBSTANTIATING GUIDELINE VALUE OF INDIVIDUAL FIRE RISK FOR MONGOLIA","authors":"N. Brushlinsky, S. Sokolov, Nikolai Prisyazhnuk, Enhtuvshin Baigalmaa","doi":"10.25257/fe.2019.3.26-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2019.3.26-34","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132785114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPULSE DISCHARGE OF EXTINGUISHING MEDIUM TO SUPPRESS FIRES OF LIVE ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT","authors":"Aleshkov Mikhail, D. Ioschenko, A. Kolbasin","doi":"10.25257/fe.2019.1.70-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2019.1.70-74","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"16 14","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113941819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}