{"title":"Optimisation of laser fading process in denim trousers: An industrial scale approach","authors":"Rıza Atav, Öner Gündüz, Sercan Yaz, Gizem Çakan","doi":"10.1111/cote.12737","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cote.12737","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Colour fading with laser application has now become a well-known and frequently used process in the denim industry. However, in practice, high strength losses and even tears may occur in the trousers as a result of incorrect or excessive laser application. In this study, the effects of resolution (dpi) and pixel time (μs), which are the two main parameters of laser colour fading, and also the effects of two-passage laser treatments on colour fading and fabric strength were examined statistically and optimum conditions were determined. When the results of the studies are evaluated in general, it can be said that as the resolution (dpi) increases during the laser process, the colour fading effect increases, but when it is above the 31 dpi value, the strength loss increases excessively. As the second important parameter, the pixel time, increased, the colour fading effect increased. When the time exceeds 80 μs, there is a marginal increase in the strength loss value. Furthermore, it was observed that colour fading (%) values increase if laser process is applied in two passages, but in this case also the tear strength loss increases. It can be said that optimising the laser processing conditions in enterprises according to the product type (fibre content, weight, etc.) is a more accurate approach in terms of both the fading performance to be obtained and product quality. For 11.25 ounce trousers made of 95.3% cotton/3.4% polyester (T400)/1.3% elastane used in this study, it can be said that laser application could be made in two passages if necessary for obtaining high colour fading, however it should be noted that resolution and pixel time should not exceed 31 dpi and 80 μs, respectively. Provided that resolution and pixel time does not exceed 31 dpi and 80 μs, respectively, they can be changed depending on the degree of colour fading needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":10502,"journal":{"name":"Coloration Technology","volume":"140 4","pages":"653-661"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135974541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Molecular imprinting of cellulose cotton fabric/silica materials with a colorimetric dithizone chelation for smartphone-based detection of Zn (II) ions in water samples","authors":"Lita Chheang, Tongchai Sriwiriyarat, Sudtida Pliankarom Thanasupsin, Nisakorn Thongkon","doi":"10.1111/cote.12736","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cote.12736","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Molecularly imprinted materials based on imprinting dithizone-Zn (II) (DTZ-Zn (II)) complexes onto cotton fabric/silica, and the Color Grab application for the OPPO A54 smartphone, were proposed and applied for the first time to detect Zn (II) ions in water samples. The proposed materials were prepared by using cotton fabrics as cellulosic materials, tetraethoxysilane as silica sources and DTZ-Zn (II) as template molecules. The initial concentration of DTZ and Zn (II), the volume of tetraethoxysilane and the reaction time were optimised to obtain the maximum adsorption of the DTZ-Zn (II) complexes in the imprinted materials. The concentration of hydrochloric acid and the extraction time were optimised to obtain the maximum Zn (II) removal. The results found that 10 mL of a solution containing DTZ (0.20 mM) and Zn (II) (0.30 mM), 25 μL of tetraethoxysilane, with 10 minutes reaction time, exhibited the strongest binding of the template complexes. Zn (II) ions were selectively removed from the materials by using 0.1 M hydrochloric acid for 10 minutes. The morphology of the prepared materials was characterised by scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and attenuated total reflectance–Fourier Transform-infrared spectroscopy. The smartphone measurement based the cotton fabric/silica materials exhibited linear relationship between saturation (%) and Zn (II) concentrations in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 mg/L, with limit of detection of 0.02 mg/L and limit of quantification of 0.06 mg/L. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine Zn (II) in real-water samples with the % recovery ranging from 98% to 115% and an acceptable relative standard deviation of less than 6 (<i>n</i> = 3).</p>","PeriodicalId":10502,"journal":{"name":"Coloration Technology","volume":"140 4","pages":"637-652"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136317234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Tajul Islam, Mohammed Mehedy Alam, Md Aminul Islam, Tanvir Ahmed Riyadh
{"title":"Dyeing of cotton/acrylic blend fabric in a single-bath-single-stage method using indigo dye","authors":"Mohammad Tajul Islam, Mohammed Mehedy Alam, Md Aminul Islam, Tanvir Ahmed Riyadh","doi":"10.1111/cote.12734","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cote.12734","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, an attempt has been made to dye cotton/acrylic blend fabrics in a single-bath-single-stage method considering today's growing market for such blended products. Yarn-blend cotton/acrylic fabric was produced and dyed at 3% shade using indigo dye in the exhaust method to optimise the dyeing conditions by varying the amount of reducing agent, pH, and dyebath temperature. The colour yield of both the acrylic part and cotton components of the blend was influenced by pH levels. Meanwhile, the temperature played a notable role in determining the colour yield of the acrylic portion. Optimised dyeing conditions were obtained at pH 6 and 120°C for the acrylic part, whereas pH 11 and 90°C temperature were obtained for the cotton part. These conditions involved the use of sodium dithionite (15 g/L) as a reducing agent and sodium hydroxide as an alkali. While the yarn-blend fabrics exhibited a unique shadow dyeing effect, solid dyeing results were achieved with fibre-blend fabrics, underscoring the versatility of this single-bath-single-stage method. To assess the overall dyeing performance, comprehensive evaluations including bursting strength measurements, assessments of fastness to washing, perspiration, and rubbing were conducted, all of which provided valuable insights into the durability and colour retention of the yarn-blend fabrics. This research not only addresses the demand for cotton/acrylic blend fabrics in today's market but also demonstrates an efficient and innovative single-bath-single-stage dyeing approach using indigo dye, which holds promise for the textile industry's future sustainability and product diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":10502,"journal":{"name":"Coloration Technology","volume":"140 5","pages":"710-718"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135112604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Milena Z. Lemos, Silvia Jaerger, Nayara Balaba, Dienifer F. L. Horsth, Juan C. Villalba, Felipe L. Stefenon, Pedro P. González-Borrero, Fauze J. Anaissi
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of iron oxides and their application as inorganic pigments in white paint","authors":"Milena Z. Lemos, Silvia Jaerger, Nayara Balaba, Dienifer F. L. Horsth, Juan C. Villalba, Felipe L. Stefenon, Pedro P. González-Borrero, Fauze J. Anaissi","doi":"10.1111/cote.12735","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cote.12735","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The tones of iron oxide pigments range from yellow, red, brown and green to black. Iron oxide pigments are non-toxic and have a nanometric particle size, which makes them ideal for use as pigments. The current study synthesised synthetic inorganic pigments based on iron oxides using the alkaline precipitation method. This approach to the synthesis of iron oxide pigments makes them less expensive for obtaining reproducible colours. Iron salts (iron (III) chloride, iron (III) nitrate, iron (II) sulphate [ferrous sulphate] and iron (III) sulphate) have been combined with alkaline solutions (sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and ammonium hydroxide) to form coloured iron oxides, which are widely known as natural inorganic pigments. The 12 samples produced in four different colours (red, yellow, brown and black) were left in aqueous suspension and dispersed in commercial real white estate paint, to evaluate their behaviour as pigments. Structural characterisation (X-ray diffractometry), composition (X-ray fluorescence by dispersive energy), thermal analysis (i.e. thermogravimetric analysis and the differential thermal analysis) and spectroscopy (FTIR and photoacoustic), as well as colorimetry, were performed. The phases indexed by X-ray diffractometry were goethite, haematite, magnetite and lepidocrocite. The inorganic pigments produced are compatible with natural inorganic pigments. They also showed dispersion compatibility in commercial white paint without changing the surface coating powder and are therefore an alternative to synthetic inorganic pigments.</p>","PeriodicalId":10502,"journal":{"name":"Coloration Technology","volume":"140 5","pages":"769-781"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135216871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiru Shao, Xin Chen, Chen Xi, Chenchen Zhan, Xiaojing Lv, Shan Jiang, Tao Zhang, Genyang Cao
{"title":"Exploration on energy-saved dyeing method for polyimide fabrics with alkali treatment","authors":"Xiru Shao, Xin Chen, Chen Xi, Chenchen Zhan, Xiaojing Lv, Shan Jiang, Tao Zhang, Genyang Cao","doi":"10.1111/cote.12733","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cote.12733","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The difficulty of dyeing is a disturbing problem for the various application of polyimide fabrics. Alkali treatment has been widely used as a preliminary step before dyeing, denoted as a two-bath method. With more attention being paid to energy resources, this work aims to explore more economical and environmentally friendly dyeing technology, combining the alkali treatment and the dyeing process together, named a one-bath method. Surprisingly, the <i>K/S</i> value of the one-bath dyed fabric is much higher than that of the two-bath sample, in which the red colour value is enhanced by 59.9% for the one-bath sample. As for the effect of dyeing on the physical properties, the two-step method has been demonstrated to exert more severe damage on the fibre, with lower crystallinity and tensile strength. To explain such results, it is deduced that when alkali is added together with dyes, it can play a bridge role between the dyes and the fibre, anchoring the dyes wherever the alkali can permeate. Furthermore, 17.25 J of the energy is calculated to be saved for the dyeing of 60 g of fabric, which is very inspiring for large-scale application.</p>","PeriodicalId":10502,"journal":{"name":"Coloration Technology","volume":"140 4","pages":"629-636"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135088043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana Isabel Ribeiro, Daniela Dantas, Luís Filipe Carvalho, Jorge Padrão, Renata Silva, Fernando Remião, Eugénia Pinto, Fátima Cerqueira, Alice Maria Dias, Andrea Zille
{"title":"Synergistic anti-bacterial activity of imidazole-based azo dyes with polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated silver nanoparticles","authors":"Ana Isabel Ribeiro, Daniela Dantas, Luís Filipe Carvalho, Jorge Padrão, Renata Silva, Fernando Remião, Eugénia Pinto, Fátima Cerqueira, Alice Maria Dias, Andrea Zille","doi":"10.1111/cote.12732","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cote.12732","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The high demand for novel antimicrobial textiles by the medical, healthcare, hygiene, sportswear, personal protective equipment and filtration sectors has promoted the growth of functional textiles. However, the efficacy of antimicrobial agents against different pathogens is a considerable challenge because of the distinctive mechanisms of action and resistance. The development of novel synergistic antimicrobial dyes may offer numerous opportunities to enhance antimicrobial effectiveness. In this work, a novel imidazole-based azo dye with a <i>p</i>-methoxyphenyl group in the <i>N</i>-1 substituent of the imidazole ring (AzoIz-a), and corresponding amidrazone precursor (AmIz-a), were combined with polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The molecules, alone and combined with the AgNPs, were characterised by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and zeta potential. Their synergistic effect was assessed against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. The results were compared with a previously reported imidazole-based azo dye and precursor containing a methyl group in the imidazole ring (AmIz-b and AzoIz-b). The results showed interesting antimicrobial properties of the novel AzoIz-a molecules when combined with a very small concentration of AgNPs. The combination showed an additive effect for <i>S. aureus</i> and a synergistic effect for <i>E. coli</i> and <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. Considering the synergistic results, the effective concentration of the AzoIz-a decreased from more than 128 to 16-32 μg.mL<sup>−1</sup> by the addition of a small concentration of AgNPs (0.6-1.3 μg.mL<sup>−1</sup>), which displayed comparable results with the AzoIz-b molecule. Thus, the application of these conjugates in textiles may lead to highly coloured materials with remarkable anti-bacterial properties, which warrant further exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":10502,"journal":{"name":"Coloration Technology","volume":"140 5","pages":"719-727"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135413215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriel Rampazzo Magalhães, Gabriely Fernanda Groto Militão, Natália Oliveira de Farias, Anjaina Fernandes de Albuquerque, Marina Tenório Botelho, Riikka Räisänen, Harold S. Freeman, Gisela de Aragão Umbuzeiro
{"title":"Acryloyl esters of emodin for waterless dyeing and toxicological studies","authors":"Gabriel Rampazzo Magalhães, Gabriely Fernanda Groto Militão, Natália Oliveira de Farias, Anjaina Fernandes de Albuquerque, Marina Tenório Botelho, Riikka Räisänen, Harold S. Freeman, Gisela de Aragão Umbuzeiro","doi":"10.1111/cote.12731","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cote.12731","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Traditional textile dyeing processes usually require large quantities of water and energy and generate wastewater that can be harmful to the environment. Dyeing in supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO<sub>2</sub>) media is promising in textile coloration due especially to it providing a waterless process and eliminating the need for an energy intensive drying step. The natural anthraquinone emodin showed promising results for dyeing different fibres through sc-CO<sub>2</sub> process. However, emodin is mutagenic. The aim of this study was to develop non-mutagenic derivatives of emodin that can be applied to textiles using sc-CO<sub>2</sub>. Emodin structure was modified incorporating acryloyl groups, which are considered suitable for decreasing potential for DNA intercalation, and thus mutagenicity. The presence of acryloyl groups would also enable atmospheric plasma induced bonding with fibres. Molecular modelling studies showed that emodin derivatives became less planar with increasing number of attached acryloyl groups, making intercalation unlikely. The derivatives produced were tested to assess mutagenicity in vitro (<i>Salmonella</i>/microsome assay, TA1537, 10% S9) and in vivo (micronucleus test in hemocytes of aquatic crustacean). We found that emodin can be derivatised using acryloyl chlorides to give mono- and di-acrylate esters suitable for dyeing polyester fibres in sc-CO<sub>2</sub>. However, the new dyes presented mutagenicity for both in vitro and in vivo. Although the derivatives provided greenish-yellow alternatives to emodin for dyeing synthetic fibres, they do not appear to be viable alternatives from the point of view of preserving human and environmental health. Plasma bonding studies are underway.</p>","PeriodicalId":10502,"journal":{"name":"Coloration Technology","volume":"140 4","pages":"620-628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135923161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of dyeing, antibacterial and antifungal properties of blended fabrics treated with plant-based dyestuffs and mordants as shoe materials","authors":"Saltanat Sabyrkhanova, Nilay Ork Efendioglu, Gulzinat Yeldiyar, Behzat Oral Bitlisli","doi":"10.1111/cote.12730","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cote.12730","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this research article, it is reported the preparation and characterisation of four types of blended cotton-polyester based textile materials in different dye ratios with four kinds of natural dyes of agro waste (walnut shell, onion peel) and wildflowers (tansy, Hypericum) with/without mordants as antibacterial and antifungal species for shoe materials. The dyed samples were spectrophotometrically measured and the results were obtained as colour strength (<i>K/S</i>) as well as CIELab values. As a result, dyed fabrics with natural dyes showed yellow, grey, orange and brown colours. With the help of a mordant, aluminium-potassium, the dyed fabrics obtained natural, not distorted shades of these colours, and with the addition of copper sulphate, they showed changing yellow to light green, orange to dark red, grey to a darker shade of grey and brown to a darker colour. The dyed samples were tested for colour fastness to circle rubbing and satisfactory results were found. The fabrics dyed only with natural dyes and treated with natural dye and mordants were evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal properties against <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and <i>Candida albicans</i>. The results indicated that fabrics treated with these natural dyes and mordants had excellent antibacterial and antifungal activity. All natural dyes and mordants used in this study were the most effective and showed the maximum inhibition zone, indicating the best antimicrobial and antifungal activity against tested microbes. The results showed that all these natural dyes can provide some antibacterial and antifungal activity on mixed fabrics.</p>","PeriodicalId":10502,"journal":{"name":"Coloration Technology","volume":"140 4","pages":"598-611"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cote.12730","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134947896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrochromic materials: Scope for the cyclic decay mechanisms and performance stability optimisation strategies","authors":"Yue Wu, Yogendra Kumar Mishra, Jian Xiong","doi":"10.1111/cote.12729","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cote.12729","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electrochromic materials (ECMs) have important potential applications in the field of intelligent optoelectronic displays. However, ECMs and its devices cannot be truly applied on a large scale until the problem of their long-period performance degradation is really solved. This article focuses on summarising the attenuation mechanism of common ECMs, which is mainly divided into three types: structural damage, irreversible reaction and ion capture, and summarises four optimisation strategies for the cyclic stability of ECMs at the present stage: doping is used to change the internal structure of the material in order to achieve the purpose of improving the cyclic stability; composite means to allow a variety of materials to interact with each other in order that the original material has no excellent performance; improve the cyclic stability of ECMs by the special characteristics of nanostructures; and enhance the performance by optimising the preparation process and regulating the parameters in the preparation process. Finally, the article discusses the potential for optimising the long-term stability of ECMs in the future, based on the earlier-mentioned research.</p>","PeriodicalId":10502,"journal":{"name":"Coloration Technology","volume":"140 2","pages":"208-229"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135220493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Methylthio-substituted coumarin-based fluorescent probe for highly specific and fast detection of hypochlorite and bioimaging application","authors":"Baijun Zhao, Wenwen Wang, Yanxi Song, Hongqi Li, Lin Jiang, Lingling Chu","doi":"10.1111/cote.12728","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cote.12728","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hypochlorite is a kind of endogenously produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the human immune system and plays a crucial role in many pathophysiological processes. In this work a novel fluorescent probe derived from 6-methylthio coumarin was designed and synthesised for detection of hypochlorite in acetonitrile/phosphate-buffered saline (MeCN/PBS) (1:1, v/v, pH 7.4) medium. The probe displayed high specificity toward hypochlorite over other ROS analytes, rapid response to hypochlorite within 30 s, and a broad applicable range of pH 3–8. The detection limit was calculated to be 1.48 μM. Application of this probe for in vitro Hecat cell imaging to detect hypochlorite ions was confirmed. A sensing mechanism based on thioether to sulfoxide oxidation by hypochlorite was proposed and demonstrated. The study presented an effective approach for construction of highly efficient hypochlorite chemosensors from hydrophilic methylthio-substituted coumarins considering their facile access.</p>","PeriodicalId":10502,"journal":{"name":"Coloration Technology","volume":"140 3","pages":"483-495"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136011674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}