CNS drug reviews最新文献

{"title":"A Novel Neuroprotective Cholinesterase and Brain-Selective MAO Inhibitor with APP Processing Activity for the Treatment of Dementia Co-morbid with Depression and Parkinson's Disease","authors":"M. Youdim, M. Weinstock","doi":"10.1111/J.1527-3458.2004.TB00013.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1527-3458.2004.TB00013.X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10499,"journal":{"name":"CNS drug reviews","volume":"34 1","pages":"191-191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77537615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ondansetron: a selective 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist and its applications in CNS-related disorders.","authors":"Jiang Ye, R. Ponnudurai, Rebecca Schaefer","doi":"10.1111/J.1527-3458.2001.TB00195.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1527-3458.2001.TB00195.X","url":null,"abstract":"Ondansetron is a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine(3) (5-HT(3)) receptor antagonist that has been introduced to clinical practice as an antiemetic for cancer treatment-induced and anesthesia-related nausea and vomiting. Its use under these circumstances is both prophylactic and therapeutic. It has a superior efficacy, safety and pharmacoeconomic profile compared with other groups of antiemetics, namely antidopaminergics, antihistamines and anticholinergics. However, its place in the management of anticipatory and delayed vomiting in cancer treatment and as a rescue antiemetic in surgical patients needs to be further explored. Furthermore, recent animal and human research also reflects its possible novel application in the treatment of other disease states, such as alcoholism, cocaine addiction, opioid withdrawal syndrome, anxiety disorders, gastrointestinal motility disorders, Tourette's syndrome and pruritus. This review revisits the widespread physiological and pathological effects of 5-HT and discusses both the basic science literature and the clinical developments responsible for the conventional and novel uses of ondansetron. In addition, new discoveries relating to the effects of ondansetron on other receptors/channels and their possible therapeutic applications are presented.","PeriodicalId":10499,"journal":{"name":"CNS drug reviews","volume":"18 1","pages":"199-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90709643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Neurodegeneration or Neuroprotection During Aging","authors":"M. Picciotto","doi":"10.1111/J.1527-3458.2000.TB00173.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1527-3458.2000.TB00173.X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10499,"journal":{"name":"CNS drug reviews","volume":"1 1","pages":"28-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83052335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"7th International Conference AD/PD 2005, Sorrento, Italy, March 9–14, 2005","authors":"M. Memo","doi":"10.1111/J.1527-3458.2005.TB00056.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1527-3458.2005.TB00056.X","url":null,"abstract":"Keywords: \u0000 \u00003-APS; \u0000AF267B; \u0000Alzheimer's disease; \u0000Alzheimer's vaccine; \u0000LY450139 Parkinson's disease","PeriodicalId":10499,"journal":{"name":"CNS drug reviews","volume":"164 1","pages":"403-407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73277783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GV150526: A Neuroprotective Agent","authors":"F. Bordi, M. Mugnaini, A. Terron, R. Barnaby, A. Reggiani","doi":"10.1111/J.1527-3458.2000.TB00142.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1527-3458.2000.TB00142.X","url":null,"abstract":"Thromboembolic stroke is a severe, disabling disease characterized by an abrupt reduction of cerebral blood flow, which leads to deprivation of oxygen and nutrients to neuronal tissue, followed by permanent brain damage. Evidence has been accumulated to implicate excitotoxicity in the pathogenesis of ischemic brain injury. Overstimulation of excitatory amino acid receptors becomes deleterious for neuronal cell survival. Glutamate antagonists can ameliorate the ischemic injury by any of several mechanisms. Because blockade of the glycine site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor seems to offer a better side-effect profile, glycine antagonists are attractive targets for blocking excitotoxicity following stroke. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000GV150526 is a selective and potent glycine antagonist at the NMDA receptor complex. It binds to the glycine site with both high affinity and high selectivity in in vitro binding studies. In vivo studies have shown that GV150526 significantly reduces infarct volume in the middle cerebral artery occlusion model of stroke. This effect remained statistically significant, even if treatment was delayed for as long as 6 h post-occlusion. GV150526 showed no evidence of adverse effects usually associated with NMDA receptor blockers, such as neuronal vacuolization in standard assays or cognitive impairment in behavioral tests. GV150526 had no significant treatment-related respiratory or cardiovascular effects or effects on behavior, body temperature, or blood pressure in mice or rats. Pharmacokinetic studies indicated that GV150526 has low clearance and volume of distribution in both the rat and the dog. Preclinical toxicology studies have shown that the compound is well tolerated in both species. Phase I/II studies were undertaken to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of GV150526 in healthy volunteers and acute stroke patients, and from these a dose was selected to be studied in Phase III clinical trials. These efficacy studies have now completed recruitment and data reconciliation is ongoing. GV150526 has the potential to be an effective therapy for acute ischemic stroke.","PeriodicalId":10499,"journal":{"name":"CNS drug reviews","volume":"1 1","pages":"135-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81177821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Abnormalities in the Hippocampus and Impaired Hippocampal‐dependent Learning in Mice Lacking the 5HT1A Receptors","authors":"Z. Sarnyai, E. Sibille, C. Pavlides, Robert J. Fenster, B. McEwen, M. Toth","doi":"10.1111/J.1527-3458.2000.TB00183.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1527-3458.2000.TB00183.X","url":null,"abstract":"KO animals showedimpairments in hippocampal-dependent learning and memory tests, such as the hiddenplatform (spatial) version of the Morris water maze (MWM) and the delayed version ofY-maze. Performance of KO mice was not impaired in non-hippocampal memory taskssuch as the visible platform (non-spatial) version of the MWM, the immediate version ofthe Y-maze, and the spontaneous alternation test of working memory. These resultsdemonstrate that 5HT","PeriodicalId":10499,"journal":{"name":"CNS drug reviews","volume":"69 1","pages":"40-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90632234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of Synaptic Stability by Bcl-2 Family Proteins","authors":"L. Kaczmarek, E. Jonas","doi":"10.1111/J.1527-3458.2000.TB00175.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1527-3458.2000.TB00175.X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10499,"journal":{"name":"CNS drug reviews","volume":"8 1","pages":"30-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77841610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The antidepressant and antiinflammatory effects of rolipram in the central nervous system.","authors":"Jie Zhu, E. Mix, B. Winblad","doi":"10.1111/J.1527-3458.2001.TB00206.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1527-3458.2001.TB00206.X","url":null,"abstract":"Rolipram is a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterases (PDE) IV, especially of the subtype PDE IVB. These phosphodiesterases are responsible for hydrolysis of the cyclic nucleotides cAMP and cGMP, particularly in nerve and immune cells. Consequences of rolipram-induced elevation of intracellular cAMP are increased synthesis and release of norepinephrine, which enhance central noradrenergic transmission, and suppress expression of proinflammatory cytokines and other mediators of inflammation. In humans and animals rolipram produces thereby a variety of biological effects. These effects include attenuation of endogenous depression and inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS), both effects are of potential clinical relevance. There are some discrepancies between in vitro and in vivo effects of rolipram, as well as between results obtained in animal models and clinical studies. The clinical use of rolipram is limited because of its behavioral and other side effects. Newly developed selective PDE IV inhibitors with presumably higher potency and lower toxicity are currently under investigation.","PeriodicalId":10499,"journal":{"name":"CNS drug reviews","volume":"64 1","pages":"387-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79119599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SB 242084: A Selective 5‐HT2C Receptor Antagonist","authors":"V. Matteo, G. Giovanni, E. Esposito","doi":"10.1111/J.1527-3458.2000.TB00147.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1527-3458.2000.TB00147.X","url":null,"abstract":"SB 242084 is the most potent and selective 5-HT2C receptor antagonist thus far available. Thus, SB 242084 has high affinity for the cloned human 5-HT2C receptor with a pKi of 9.0, a much lower affinity for the human cloned 5-HT2B (pKi 7.0) and 5-HT2A (pKi 6.8) receptors, and low affinity for other 5-HT, dopamine, and adrenergic receptors. In the 5-HT-stimulated PI hydrolysis model of 5-HT2C receptor function, SB 242084 was found to be a competitive antagonist with a pKB of 9.3. A series of in vivo studies have shown that SB 242084 is a very effective antagonist of behavioral responses mediated by 5-HT2C receptors such as penile erections, and the hypophagic and hypolocomotor effect of mCPP in rats. In addition, this compound has anxiolytic-like properties. Moreover, SB 242084 increases the basal activity of dopaminergic neurons in the VTA and the in vivo DA release in the nucleus accumbens, and it is capable of blocking the inhibitory effects of mCPP and RO 60-0175 on mesolimbic dopaminergic activity. These data are consistent with the evidence that 5-HT2C receptors exert an inhibitory control upon the mesolimbic dopaminergic system. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Taken togheter, the available data on SB 242084 might have implication for the possible use of this compound in the treatment of anxiety, depression, and the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":10499,"journal":{"name":"CNS drug reviews","volume":"37 1","pages":"195-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82924058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ion channel diseases of the central nervous system.","authors":"Ming Li, H. Lester","doi":"10.1111/J.1527-3458.2001.TB00196.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1527-3458.2001.TB00196.X","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decade, advances in molecular genetics and cellular electrophysiology have increased our understanding of ion channel function. A number of diseases termed \"channelopathies\" have been discovered that are caused by ion channel dysfunction. Channelopathies can be caused by autoimmune, iatrogenic, toxic or genetic mechanisms. Mutations in genes encoding ion channel proteins that disrupt channel function are now the most commonly identified cause of channelopathies, perhaps because gene disruption is readily detected by the methods of molecular genetics. Ion channels are abundant in the central nervous system (CNS), but CNS channelopathies are rare; however, they overlap with some important neurological disorders, such as epilepsy, ataxia, migraine, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. It is possible that more CNS channelopathies will be discovered when additional ion channels are characterized and the complex mechanisms of brain function are better understood. At present, increased knowledge of the identity, structure and function of ion channels is facilitating diagnosis and treatment of many channelopathies.","PeriodicalId":10499,"journal":{"name":"CNS drug reviews","volume":"11 1","pages":"214-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82443464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}