Chi Zhang, Xiaoqing Huang, Baijun Qin, Xiaoyun Zhang, Zhou Liang, Zhanglin Pu, Zhiwei Xu, Xiaofei Wu, Fei Liu, Lei Yang, Feng Chen, Qian Yan
{"title":"Mechanistic Insights into Kaempferol's Therapeutic Effects on Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Proteomic and Experimental Validation in Ovariectomized Rats.","authors":"Chi Zhang, Xiaoqing Huang, Baijun Qin, Xiaoyun Zhang, Zhou Liang, Zhanglin Pu, Zhiwei Xu, Xiaofei Wu, Fei Liu, Lei Yang, Feng Chen, Qian Yan","doi":"10.2174/0113862073354862241205062019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113862073354862241205062019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postmenopausal Osteoporosis (PMOP) is characterized by decreased bone mass and deterioration of bone microarchitecture, leading to increased fracture risk. Current treatments often have adverse effects, necessitating safer alternatives. Kaempferol, a flavonoid identified as a key active component of the traditional Chinese medicine Yishen Gushu formula, has shown promise in improving bone health, but its mechanisms in PMOP treatment remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of kaempferol in the treatment of PMOP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A bilateral ovariectomized (OVX) rat model was established to simulate PMOP. Sixty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups: Sham operation, OVX control, OVX with alendronate (ALN), and OVX with kaempferol at doses of 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg. Treatments were administered orally once daily for 12 weeks. Assessments included Bone Mineral Density (BMD), trabecular microarchitecture via histopathology, organ morphology, organ indices, and serum levels of bone metabolism markers (TRACP-5b, BALP, ALP, Ca, P, and Fe) as well as liver and kidney function indicators (ALT, AST, CREA, and urea). Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) quantitative proteomics and bioinformatics analyses were conducted on femur samples to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Key DEPs were validated using parallel reaction monitoring (PRM), immunohistochemistry, and molecular docking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Kaempferol significantly improved BMD and enhanced trabecular microarchitecture in OVX rats in a dose-dependent manner, comparable to ALN, without causing hepatic, renal, or estrogen- like side effects. Serum bone metabolism markers were normalized with kaempferol treatment. Proteomic analysis identified 902 DEPs associated with kaempferol treatment, involved in processes such as bone remodeling, skeletal system development, and osteoclast function. Key signaling pathways affected included NF-κB, PI3K-AKT, and HIF-1. Notably, kaempferol downregulated five key DEPs-Rac2, Ddb1, Cdc42, Rpl19, and Hist2h4-in the femur, which are crucial for osteoclast resorptive activity, migration, adhesion, and cell cycle progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Kaempferol exerts therapeutic effects on PMOP by inhibiting key proteins involved in osteoclast function, thereby reducing bone resorption and promoting bone health. These findings suggested that kaempferol is a potential safer alternative for PMOP treatment. Further research is recommended to explore its clinical applications and elucidate detailed mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":10491,"journal":{"name":"Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raja Lakhal, Manaf AlMatar, Tahani Alkalaf, Osman Albarri
{"title":"Transcriptome-Based Analysis of the Oxidative Response of Thermotoga maritima to the O2 Stress.","authors":"Raja Lakhal, Manaf AlMatar, Tahani Alkalaf, Osman Albarri","doi":"10.2174/0113862073339580241128075031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113862073339580241128075031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thermotoga maritima is an anaerobic hyperthermophilic eubacterium isolated from geothermally heated maritime surfaces. It can grow at temperatures up to 80 degrees Celsius.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 2.3-L bioreactor was specifically designed to cultivate hyperthermophilic bacteria under carefully regulated pH, redox potential, temperature, and dissolved O2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using this bioreactor, which was adjusted at 80°C and pH 7.0, it was found that Thermotoga maritima demonstrated continued growth even after being exposed to oxygen for an extended period. Transcription studies revealed that following prolonged oxygen exposure, the genes encoding ROS-scavenging systems, alkyl hydroperoxide reductase (ahp), thioredoxindependent thiol peroxidase (bcp 2), and, to a lesser extent, neelaredoxin (nlr), were upregulated/ overexpressed. When oxygen was available, the metabolism of glucose was diverted to make lactate rather than acetate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the O/R ratio of 1.0 in anaerobiosis and 1.67 in the presence of O2, we may conclude that Thermotoga maritima is capable of semi-oxidative metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":10491,"journal":{"name":"Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benjamin Siddiqui, Chandra Shekhar Yadav, Mohd Akil, Mohd Faiyyaz, Abdul Rahman Khan, Naseem Ahmad, Firoj Hassan, Mohd Irfan Azad, Mohammad Owais, Malik Nasibullah, Iqbal Azad
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) Tools for the Finding of Potent Biologically Active Small Molecules: Traditional to Modern Approach.","authors":"Benjamin Siddiqui, Chandra Shekhar Yadav, Mohd Akil, Mohd Faiyyaz, Abdul Rahman Khan, Naseem Ahmad, Firoj Hassan, Mohd Irfan Azad, Mohammad Owais, Malik Nasibullah, Iqbal Azad","doi":"10.2174/0113862073334062241015043343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113862073334062241015043343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) entails designing molecules that could potentially interact with a specific biomolecular target and promising their potential binding. The stereo- arrangement and stereo-selectivity of small molecules (SMs)--based chemotherapeutic agents significantly influence their therapeutic potential and enhance their therapeutic advantages. CADD has been a well-established field for decades, but recent years have observed a significant shift toward acceptance of computational approaches in both academia and the pharmaceutical industry. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI), bioinformatics, and data science have played a significant role in drug discovery to accelerate the development of effective treatments, reduce expenses, and eliminate the need for animal testing. This shift can be attributed to the availability of extensive data on molecular properties, binding to therapeutic targets, and their 3D structures. Increasing interest from legislators, pharmaceutical companies, and academic and industrial scientists is evidence that AI is reshaping the drug discovery industry. To achieve success in drug discovery, it is necessary to optimize pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and clinical outcome-related properties. Moreover, the advent of on-demand virtual libraries containing billions of drug-like SMs, coupled with abundant computing capacities, has further facilitated this transition. To fully capitalize on these resources, rapid computational methods are needed for effective ligand screening. This includes structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) of vast chemical spaces, aided by fast iterative screening approaches. At the same time, advances in deep learning (DL) predictions of ligand properties and target activities have become very helpful, as they no longer need information about the structure of the receptor. This study examines recent progress in the drug discovery and development (DDD) approach, their potential to reshape the entire DDD process, and the challenges they face. This review examines the role of artificial intelligence as a fundamental component in drug discovery, particularly focusing on small molecules. It also discusses how AI-driven approaches can expedite the identification of diverse, potent, target-specific, and drug-like ligands for protein targets. This advancement has the potential to make drug discovery more efficient and cost-effective, ultimately facilitating the development of safer and more effective therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":10491,"journal":{"name":"Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ya Chen, Peng Wang, Mingzhu Zhang, Hao Yang, Beibei Liang
{"title":"Mechanism Analysis of the Effect of Cordycepin on Colorectal Cancer via Network Pharmacology and Experiment.","authors":"Ya Chen, Peng Wang, Mingzhu Zhang, Hao Yang, Beibei Liang","doi":"10.2174/0113862073322771241119101357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113862073322771241119101357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Colorectal Cancer (CRC) has attracted much attention due to its high mortality and morbidity. Cordycepin, also known as 3'-deoxyadenosine (3'-dA), exhibits many biological functions, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anti-tumor, and immunomodulatory effects. It has been proven to show anticancer activity in both laboratory research studies and living organisms. However, the molecular mechanism of the effect of cordycepin on CRC remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The genes associated with cordycepin and colorectal cancer have been identified by comparing the toxicogenomics database (CTD) and GeneCards database. The common genes between cordycepin and CRC have been identified using the Venny tool. The Protein-protein Interaction (PPI) network has been drawn using the STRING database. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of the intersecting genes have been followed by experimental validation, both in vitro and in vivo.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>24 drug targets have been screened using the CTD database and 1490 disease targets have been obtained from the GeneCards database and GO and KEGG analyses. The effect of cordycepin on the proliferation of SW480 cells has been assessed using CCK-8. The related results have indicated cordycepin to inhibit the proliferation of SW480 cells, promote apoptosis, and activate the p53 signal pathway. The findings obtained from in vivo experiments have been found to be consistent with those obtained from in vitro studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings have elucidated an effective way to search for cordycepin's potential mechanism of effect on CRC therapy by employing the network pharmacology and experiment. We have predicted that cordycepin can inhibit tumor growth by regulating the apoptosis pathway. This study has offered valuable insights into the potential mechanism of the effect of cordycepin on CRC and provided a theoretical basis for further validation of its clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":10491,"journal":{"name":"Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fengqiang Zhou, Yanmei Qi, Zhen Geng, Baozhong Ding, Lei Liu
{"title":"WITHDRAWN: Activation Of Wnt/Β-Catenin Signaling in Epcamhigh/CD44+ Cells Endow Colorectal Cancer With Tumor Proliferation And Oxaliplatin Chemoresistance","authors":"Fengqiang Zhou, Yanmei Qi, Zhen Geng, Baozhong Ding, Lei Liu","doi":"10.2174/1386207326666230209093639","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1386207326666230209093639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfill the editorial requirement, therefore, the article has been withdrawn.</p><p><p>Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.</p><p><p>The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php</p><p><strong>Bentham science disclaimer: </strong>It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. Furthermore, any data, illustration, structure or table that has been published elsewhere must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript the authors agree that the copyright of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.</p>","PeriodicalId":10491,"journal":{"name":"Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10681267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"WITHDRAWN: The Anti-inflammatory and Anti-arthritis Activity of Garcinia travancorica in a Rat Model: A Proof of Concept with Computational Studies","authors":"Satish Kumar, Pratima Srivastava, Somdutt Mujwar, Sumeet Gupta","doi":"10.2174/1386207326666230612121712","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1386207326666230612121712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfill the editorial requirement, therefore, the article has been withdrawn.</p><p><p>Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.</p><p><p>The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php</p><p><strong>Bentham science disclaimer: </strong>It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. Furthermore, any data, illustration, structure or table that has been published elsewhere must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript the authors agree that the copyright of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.</p>","PeriodicalId":10491,"journal":{"name":"Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9621012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"WITHDRAWN: Hippocampal Volume and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus without Comorbid Malady","authors":"Asem Veeves Singh, Salam Ranabir, S Subhaschandra Singh, Laishram Chittaranjan Singh, Tashi Chhojom Khom, Anand Vijayakumar Palur Ramakrishnan","doi":"10.2174/1386207326666230605140959","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1386207326666230605140959","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfill the editorial requirement, therefore, the article has been withdrawn.</p><p><p>Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.</p><p><p>The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php</p><p><strong>Bentham science disclaimer: </strong>It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. Furthermore, any data, illustration, structure or table that has been published elsewhere must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript the authors agree that the copyright of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.</p>","PeriodicalId":10491,"journal":{"name":"Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9942154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanism Study on the Regulation of Th1/Th2 in the Treatment of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy by Shengyang Yiwei Decoction.","authors":"Yuan Wu, Xue-Qin Zhang, Heng-Tong An, Shuai-Jie Wang, Ya-Yun Zhao, Zhi-Qiang Chen","doi":"10.2174/0113862073322871241108065718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113862073322871241108065718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Shengyang Yiwei Decoction showed efficacy in idiopathic membranous nephropathy treatment, and this study aimed to assess the underlying molecular mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Rats with passive Heymann nephritis were divided into the model group, the Shengyang Yiwei Decoction group, the JAK2 inhibitor group, and the STAT3 inhibitor group. Healthy rats served as the normal control. 24-hour urinary protein excretion, IgG deposition, renal histopathology, the expression levels of synaptopodin, nephrin, podocalyxin, interferon-γ, interleukin- 4, T-box expressed in T cells, GATA binding protein-3, and relevant pathway proteins were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within the model group, a notable elevation in the 24-h urinary protein level was observed, accompanied by evident IgG deposition, increased glomerular volume, eosinophilic deposits, diminished expression of podocyte marker proteins, and a discernible imbalance in Th1/Th2 cellular immunity. Conversely, in Shengyang Yiwei Decoction and both inhibitor groups, enhancements were observed across the aforementioned indexes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Shengyang Yiwei Decoction may reduce glomerular podocyte injury through the suppression of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and modulation of the Th1/Th2 immune balance.</p>","PeriodicalId":10491,"journal":{"name":"Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142982939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaoqi Yang, Tao Yang, Li Wang, Mengwan Cui, Cong Liu, Zhaorong Wang, Xifeng Cheng
{"title":"WITHDRAWN: To Investigate the Role of Rutin on Bisphenol-A Induced Female Infertility in Rats","authors":"Xiaoqi Yang, Tao Yang, Li Wang, Mengwan Cui, Cong Liu, Zhaorong Wang, Xifeng Cheng","doi":"10.2174/1386207326666221226142854","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1386207326666221226142854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfill the editorial requirement, therefore, the article has been withdrawn.</p><p><p>Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.</p><p><p>The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php</p><p><strong>Bentham science disclaimer: </strong>It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. Furthermore, any data, illustration, structure or table that has been published elsewhere must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript the authors agree that the copyright of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.</p>","PeriodicalId":10491,"journal":{"name":"Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10445314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Anaphylactic and Anti-allergenic Properties of Shuanghuanglian: A Review.","authors":"Xin Jiang, Ji Li, Xiaohui Yao, Hao Ding","doi":"10.2174/0113862073328626241107044327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113862073328626241107044327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Shuanghuanglian (SHL) and its primary constituents have demonstrated protective effects against allergenic diseases. This review examines the anaphylactic and anti-allergenic activities of SHL and its constituents. We also discuss potential avenues for future research, particularly regarding the expansion of the clinical applications of SHL formulations (oral or nebulized) for the treatment of allergenic disorders. For this review, we searched the PubMed, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases for relevant publications. Additionally, details of the essential active components and target genes of SHL were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database (TCMSP), and information on allergy-related genes was collected from the GeneCards and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM) databases. Lists of both the SHL target and disease-related genes were imported into the 'Draw Venn Diagram' tool on the website (http://bioinformatics.psb.ugen /web tools/Venn/). A protein-protein interaction network for SHL and disease targets was constructed with reference to the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database, and the potential pathways were identified based on Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genome enrichment analyses. The allergenic reactions induced by SHL injection (intravenous) and its main constituents (intraperitoneal or intravenous injection) have been verified in animal experiments. Furthermore, the protective effects of SHL injection (intraperitoneal) and its individual Chinese herb components (intragastric administration), namely, Flos Lonicerae, Radix Scutellariae, and Fructus Forsythiae, as well as their main constituents (intraperitoneal or intragastric administration), have been verified in asthma, rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and both IgE- and non-IgE-mediated systemic allergic responses. The network pharmacology analysis revealed that the therapeutic effects of SHL might be primarily mediated through the regulation of the IL-17 and TNF-α signalling pathways and Th17 cell differentiation. Accumulated research data provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of SHL (via extravascular routes) in the treatment of allergenic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":10491,"journal":{"name":"Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142982864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}