{"title":"Optimal Life-Cycle Costs of Batteries for Different Electric Cars","authors":"Alberto Bocca, Donkyu Baek","doi":"10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307426","url":null,"abstract":"As a consequence of the remarkable increase in the production of electric cars, the cost per kWh of battery packs is more decreasing, although it still has a considerable impact on the purchase price of these vehicles.This paper describes the optimal cost analysis of battery packs for different electric cars among full battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and autonomous vehicles (AVs). In fact, the cost optimization of battery use also depends on the type of electric vehicle and not only on battery pack type, operating conditions and driver’s style. Thus, the proposed analysis aims to optimize battery costs over time by considering battery life degradation for various types of electric cars. The results indicate a greater degradation of a PHEV battery, for urban trips with many stops, with respect to a BEV battery, with the consequence of an expected early replacement of the PHEV battery before the warranty expires. In this context, the usage rate of a BEV battery is about 50% of that of a PHEV battery.","PeriodicalId":104806,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130806899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Musumeci, F. Scrimizzi, S. Rizzo, F. Fusillo, G. Longo
{"title":"Silicon MOSFETs Evaluation in Auxiliary DC-DC Converters for HEV/EV Applications","authors":"S. Musumeci, F. Scrimizzi, S. Rizzo, F. Fusillo, G. Longo","doi":"10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307399","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with the last generation silicon MOSFETs application in an auxiliary power supply for HEV and EV applications. In the paper, the converter high- efficiency target is achieved by a suitable selection of the MOSFETs in the primary side and secondary side of an isolated DC-DC converter applied to interface the high-voltage to the low-voltage battery pack. The primary side is a high voltage full-bridge topology with super-junction MOSFETs, while the secondary is arranged with a low voltage trench-gate MOSFETs in synchronous rectifier operation. Experimental evaluation of the primary and secondary side of MOSFETs devices has been carried out to give correct guidelines to choose the power switches devices. Furthermore, an active clamp stage circuit on the secondary side is evaluated to reduce the drain-source MOSFET voltage spike.","PeriodicalId":104806,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE)","volume":"43 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114007322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Test cycle simulation of an electric car with regenerative braking","authors":"Roberta Di Fonso, Carlo Cecati","doi":"10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307414","url":null,"abstract":"In the near future electric cars will be ubiquitous thanks to their wider functionalities and to their much lower tailpipe emissions to the environment. However, at present, there are still problems concerning the storage of energy for long range operation. It is therefore important to employ strategies to preserve the State of Charge (SoC) of batteries as much as possible. The first important strategy is related to the driving style in order to minimize frequent acceleration-braking sequences. Once this condition has been met, the next strategy could be the partial recharge of battery during braking, recovering the kinetic energy of the car mass. This paper presents the simulation of a simple mechanical quarter-car model whose wheel is driven by a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) motor. The focus is on the electric control of the motor and on the energy recovery. The PMSM could accelerate and brake the car in all conditions, but this solution depletes the battery also in braking. There is a better strategy that use a combination of regenerative braking (battery recharge) and dissipative mechanical braking. In order to produce meaningful results, the simulations follow the class 3 time-speed data points of the Worldwide Harmonized Light vehicles Test Cycles (WLTC) developed for Pure Electric Vehicles (PEV).","PeriodicalId":104806,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134454533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Moschetti, C. Miccoli, P. Fiorenza, G. Greco, F. Roccaforte, Santo Reina, A. Parisi, F. Iucolano
{"title":"Study of behavior of p-gate in Power GaN under positive voltage","authors":"M. Moschetti, C. Miccoli, P. Fiorenza, G. Greco, F. Roccaforte, Santo Reina, A. Parisi, F. Iucolano","doi":"10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307380","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we report a detailed experimental forward gate stress in GaN-based power High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) with a p-type gate, controlled by a Schottky metal/p-GaN junction. The devices characterization widely covers different temperatures range studying the gate and drain leakage currents behavior. Moreover, two-dimensional (2D) Technology Computer Aided design (T-CAD) simulations are performed to investigate the main physical phenomena involved in p-GaN HEMT. From simulations results it is possible to notice that when a high stress voltage is applied on the gate, a high electric field occurs in the depletion region of the p-GaN close to the metal interface.","PeriodicalId":104806,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122380192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Masini, A. Zanella, G. Pasolini, A. Bazzi, F. Zabini, O. Andrisano, Mirko Mirabella, P. Toppan
{"title":"Toward the Integration of ADAS Capabilities in V2X Communications for Cooperative Driving","authors":"B. Masini, A. Zanella, G. Pasolini, A. Bazzi, F. Zabini, O. Andrisano, Mirko Mirabella, P. Toppan","doi":"10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307433","url":null,"abstract":"Future connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) will rely not only on their own sensors, but also on neighboring vehicles’ sensors as well as on roadside sensors, whose measurements will be exchanged by means of suitable vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication technologies, thus enabling the collective perception service (CPS). This will allow CAVs to improve their awareness of the surroundings by receiving from other vehicles information about objects that are beyond their sensing range. In this paper, we discuss the CPS from the point of view of the ongoing standardization activities and of the evolution of wireless technologies. The integration of smart-lighting infrastructures and advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) is also discussed through the description of radar- and camera-based traffic monitoring devices we developed in our lab.","PeriodicalId":104806,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE)","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124549248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcel Nöller, Robert Renz, Martin Eisele, K. Bause
{"title":"A Holistic Approach to Improve a Liquid Cooled Battery Module","authors":"Marcel Nöller, Robert Renz, Martin Eisele, K. Bause","doi":"10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307379","url":null,"abstract":"This publication investigates the process of improving an existing liquid cooled battery module in terms of lightweight design and cooling capabilities for production processes suitable for series production by using a holistic approach. It starts by identifying components with too high efforts using a method called Extended Target Weighing Approach (ETWA) and continues using complementary CFD and thermal simulations to guide the conceptualization of new solutions methodically. While conceptualizing and designing the parts to improve on key aspects of the battery module, a new tool was developed to select the best combination of material, process and manufacturing for these components. For this particular battery module, using the ETWA, we identified the cell mount, the housing and the plethora of components responsible for the sealing functionality as too heavy. Due to this, simulations of the coolant flow and temperature distribution were performed to guide the design choices for the cell mount. The thermal and CFD simulations revealed that a reduction of the initial cell mount height is possible while keeping the maximum temperatures within reason. Housing concepts were developed considering design limitations due to the manufacturing processes recommended by the selection tool. The used tool chain enabled an objective and comprehensible decision-making to optimize the battery module considering lightweight design and cooling capabilities.","PeriodicalId":104806,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE)","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115354555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High efficiency bidirectional SiC-based power converter for V2G/V2H applications in a nano/microgrid scenario","authors":"G. Aiello, F. Gennaro, A. Imbruglia, M. Cacciato","doi":"10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307375","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the architecture of a bidirectional single phase battery charger for a standard battery pack. The prototype has been developed in the frame of WInSiC4AP Project and implements a 5kW bidirectional converter with high efficiency (>95%) in the full operating range, suitable for modular architecture to provide higher charging power in V2G/V2H applications.","PeriodicalId":104806,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE)","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122014819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design and Optimization of Silicon-Integrated Inductive Components for Automotive Radar Applications in K- and W-bands","authors":"Simone Spataro, E. Ragonese","doi":"10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307417","url":null,"abstract":"This paper gives a summary of the design guidelines for silicon-integrated inductive components for short-range/long-range automotive radar applications in K- and W-bands. Configurations for integrated inductors and transformers are compared and main loss phenomena are discussed. A focus is given to the substrate shielding. An electromagnetic-based approach is proposed to evaluate the effectiveness of ground shield for operation in K- and W-bands.","PeriodicalId":104806,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122167876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design and Modeling of an Interleaving Boost Converter with Quasi-Saturated Inductors for Electric Vehicles","authors":"D. Scire, G. Lullo, G. Vitale","doi":"10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AEITAUTOMOTIVE50086.2020.9307424","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is focused on the analysis and modeling of DC-DC boost converters in interleaving configuration exploiting inductors in the quasi-saturation region. The converter is designed to optimize the power density by minimizing the size of the inductors. A simulation study for electric vehicle applications is conducted analyzing the effects of duty cycle and temperature variation on the ripple of the input current giving, moreover, information on the performances and dynamics of the converter for further implementation and optimizations.","PeriodicalId":104806,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114686198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Title page]","authors":"","doi":"10.23919/aeitautomotive50086.2020.9307404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/aeitautomotive50086.2020.9307404","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":104806,"journal":{"name":"2020 AEIT International Conference of Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Automotive (AEIT AUTOMOTIVE)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128687567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}